# US 9,521,656 B2 · Method and apparatus for using radio channels > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 9,521,656 B2 - Document ID: US9521656B2 - Status: Granted - Kind: B2 - Application number: 14/348,893 - Filed: 2011-10-04 - Published: 2014-11-06 - Granted: 2016-12-13 - Earliest claimed: 2011-10-04 - Assignees: Nokia Technologies Oy - Applicants: Andrei Malkov; Antti Sorri; Cassio Ribeiro; Enrico Rantala - Inventors: Andrei Malkov; Antti Sorri; Cassio Ribeiro; Enrico Rantala - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US9521656B2 ## CPC - H04W 72/02: Selection of wireless resources by user or terminal - H04W 16/14: Spectrum sharing arrangements {between different networks} - H04W 72/54: based on quality criteria - H04W: WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS (broadcast communication H04H; communication systems using wireless links for non-selective communication, e.g. wireless extensions H04M1/72) ## Abstract In a non-limiting and example embodiment, a method is provided for controlling usage of prioritized radio channels, comprising: detecting (310), by a secondary user apparatus, an interference limitation of a first radio channel for which a primary user apparatus has priority over the secondary user apparatus, selecting (320), by the secondary user apparatus, the first radio channel for communication with another apparatus to a first direction after detecting the interference limitation, and selecting (330), by the secondary user apparatus, a second radio channel for communication with the other apparatus to a second direction, opposite to the first direction. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A method, comprising: detecting, by a secondary user apparatus, either a first radio channel to be free of primary users or an interference limitation of the first radio channel for which a primary user apparatus has priority over the secondary user apparatus; if the first radio channel is detected to be free of primary users, selecting, by the secondary user apparatus, the first radio channel for communication with another apparatus to both a first direction and a second direction, opposite to the first direction; if the interference limitation of the first radio channel is detected, selecting, by the secondary user apparatus, the first radio channel for communication with the another apparatus to the first direction after detecting the interference limitation, and selecting, by the secondary user apparatus, a second radio channel for communication with the another apparatus to the second direction. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein at least one of the first radio channel and the second radio channel is at least one of white space channel and a black space channel. ### Claim 3 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein the secondary user apparatus applies at least one of a transmission specific interference limit to determine if the first radio channel may be applied for transmission and a reception-specific interference limit to determine if the first radio channel may be applied for reception. ### Claim 4 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein the second radio channel is free of primary users or limited by interference. ### Claim 5 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein the interference limitation is a pollution interference limitation caused by the primary user apparatus to the secondary user apparatus, and communication on the first radio channel to the secondary user apparatus is prevented in response to detecting the pollution interference limitation. ### Claim 6 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein the interference limitation is a protection interference limitation to protect the primary user from interference caused by the secondary user apparatus, and the secondary user apparatus is prevented to transmit on the first radio channel in response to detecting the protection interference limitation. ### Claim 7 (depends on 6) The method of claim 6, wherein the secondary user apparatus detects the protection interference limitation in response to detecting that the secondary user apparatus is located within a protection contour. ### Claim 8 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein a request indicating the current location of the secondary user apparatus is sent, a response with information indicating the availability of at least the first radio channel at the current location of the secondary user apparatus is received, and the interference limitation is detected on the basis of the received response. ### Claim 9 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein the first radio channel is a television white space channel. ### Claim 10 An apparatus, comprising: at least one processor; and at least one memory including computer program code, the at least one memory and the computer program code configured to, with the at least one processor, cause the apparatus at least to: detect either a first radio channel to be free of primary users or an interference limitation of the first radio channel for a secondary user apparatus, a primary user apparatus having priority over the secondary user apparatus for the first radio channel; if the first radio channel is detected to be free of primary users, select, by the apparatus, the first radio channel for communication with another apparatus to both a first direction and a second direction, opposite to the first direction; if the interference limitation of the first radio channel is detected, select the first radio channel for communication between the secondary user apparatus and the another apparatus to the first direction after detecting the interference limitation, and select a second radio channel for communication with the another apparatus to the second direction. ### Claim 11 (depends on 10) The apparatus of claim 10, wherein at least one of the first radio channel and the second radio channel is at least one of white space channel and a black space channel. ### Claim 12 (depends on 10) The apparatus of claim 10, wherein the apparatus is further configured to apply at least one of a transmission specific interference limit to determine if the first radio channel may be applied for transmission and a reception-specific interference limit to determine if the first radio channel may be applied for reception. ### Claim 13 (depends on 10) The apparatus of claim 10, wherein the apparatus is configured to prevent communication on the first radio channel to the second direction in response to the detected interference limitation. ### Claim 14 (depends on 10) The apparatus of claim 10, wherein the interference limitation is a pollution interference limitation caused by the primary user apparatus to the secondary user apparatus, and the apparatus is configured to prevent communication on the first radio channel to the secondary user apparatus in response to detecting the pollution interference limitation. ### Claim 15 (depends on 14) The apparatus of claim 14, wherein the apparatus is configured to control use of the first radio channel for a first one-directional communication from an access point apparatus to a non-access point apparatus in response to detecting the pollution interference to the access point apparatus or for a second one-directional communication from the non-access point apparatus to the access point apparatus in response to detecting the pollution interference to the non-access point apparatus. ### Claim 16 (depends on 10) The apparatus of claim 10, wherein the interference limitation is a protection interference limitation to protect the primary user apparatus from interference caused by the secondary user apparatus, and the apparatus is configured to prevent transmission on the first radio channel in response to detecting the protection interference limitation. ### Claim 17 (depends on 16) The apparatus of claim 16, wherein the apparatus is configured to control use of the first radio channel for a first one-directional communication from a non-access point apparatus to an access point apparatus after detecting the protection interference limitation for the access point apparatus or for a second one-directional communication from the access point apparatus to the non-access point apparatus in response to detecting the protection interference for the non-access point apparatus. ### Claim 18 (depends on 10) The apparatus of claim 10, wherein the apparatus is configured to send a request indicating current location of the secondary user apparatus, the apparatus is configured to detect the interference limitation on the basis of a received response with information indicating the availability of at least the first radio channel at the current location of the secondary user apparatus. ### Claim 19 (depends on 10) The apparatus of claim 10, wherein the first radio channel is a television white space channel. ### Claim 20 (depends on 10) The apparatus of claim 10, wherein the apparatus is a mobile communications terminal device or access point comprising the secondary user apparatus and a transceiver for communicating according to a wireless local area network standard.