# US 9,521,076 B2 · Method and apparatus for scalable content routing and mobility in named data networks

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- Number: US 9,521,076 B2
- Document ID: US9521076B2
- Status: Granted
- Kind: B2
- Application number: 14/988,419
- Filed: 2016-01-05
- Published: 2016-05-12
- Granted: 2016-12-13
- Earliest claimed: 2014-01-02
- Assignees: Futurewei Technologies, Inc.
- Applicants: Futurewei Technologies, Inc.
- Inventors: Ravishankar Ravindran; Guo-Qiang Wang; Xinwen Zhang; Asit Chakraborti
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US9521076B2

## CPC

- H04L 45/72: {Routing based on the source address}
- H04L 45/306: {Route determination based on the nature of the carried application}
- H04L 45/34: {Source routing}
- H04L 61/45: Network directories; Name-to-address mapping
- H04L 67/567: Integrating service provisioning from a plurality of service providers
- H04L 67/63: Routing a service request depending on the request content or context
- H04W 80/04: Network layer protocols, e.g. mobile IP [Internet Protocol]
- H04L: TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION (arrangements common to telegraphic and telephonic communication H04M)
- H04W: WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS (broadcast communication H04H; communication systems using wireless links for non-selective communication, e.g. wireless extensions H04M1/72)

## Abstract

Various disclosed embodiments include methods, systems, and computer-readable media for named data network (NDN) inter/intra-domain mobility. A complete de-coupling of identity and addressing space is established. This provides separation of control and forwarding allowing rich policy based routing, using SDN principles, as well as policy based global resolution. In one embodiment, the de-coupling of identity from location is achieved by a changeable forwarding label field in a header that can have nodal/domain/global scope. This disclosure provides content routing/mobility to be handled with a high degree of flexibility. This disclosure also provides mobility as a service for a component of a name space.

## Claims

### Claim 1

A system configured for routing a message in a named data network (NDN), comprising:
a first service router configured to receive a registration message from a producer node and send the registration message to a domain controller for registering the producer node, wherein the producer node provides content; and
a second service router configured to:
receive an interest message from a consumer node, wherein the interest message indicates interest for the content, and a header of the interest message includes a name of the content, obtain a first forwarding label according to the name of the content, wherein the first forwarding label indicates an address associated with a location of the content; and
send an updated interest message to a next hop node in the NDN network, wherein a header of the updated interest message includes a first field containing the name of the content and a second field containing the first forwarding label, and wherein the first field and the second field are two separate fields.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

The system of claim 1, wherein the first forwarding label has a nodal, a domain, or a global scope.

### Claim 3 (depends on 1)

The system of claim 1, wherein the system further comprises an intermediate destination point configured to swap the first forwarding label to a second forwarding label after resolution or through a fast pass table (FPT) look-up.

### Claim 4 (depends on 1)

The system of claim 1, wherein the domain controller further configured to create a local entry, wherein the local entry includes a correspondence between the name of the content and the first forwarding label.

### Claim 5 (depends on 4)

The system of claim 4, wherein the system comprises a multiple of domains, each domain has a domain controller, and wherein the domain controller of the producer node is configured to synchronize the correspondence between the name of the content and the first forwarding label with other domain controllers.

### Claim 6 (depends on 4)

The system of claim 4, wherein the name of the content having a plurality of components, wherein a first component of the plurality of components is configured for mobility service.

### Claim 7 (depends on 6)

The system of claim 6, wherein the first component is configured for mobility and identification as part of a published name.

### Claim 8 (depends on 6)

The system of claim 6, wherein the name of the content comprises a mobility service flag indicative of use to a mobility resolution infrastructure.

### Claim 9 (depends on 8)

The system of claim 8, wherein the mobility service flag is indicative of first component that is mobile.

### Claim 10

A method performed by a service router in a named data network (NDN) to route messages, comprising:
receiving an interest message from a consumer node, wherein the interest message is used to express interest for content, and a header of the interest message includes a name of the content;
Obtaining a forwarding label according to the name of the content, wherein the forwarding label indicates an address associated with a location of the content; and
Sending an updated interest message to a next hop node in the NDN network, wherein a header of the updated interest message includes a first field containing the name of the content and a second field containing the forwarding label, and wherein the first field and the second field are two separate fields.

### Claim 11 (depends on 10)

The method of claim 10, wherein before obtaining the forwarding label, the method further comprises:
retrieving the forwarding label from a fast path table stored at the service router.

### Claim 12 (depends on 10)

The method of claim 10, wherein before obtaining the forwarding label, the method further comprises:
sending, by the service router, a request for the forwarding label to a domain controller.

### Claim 13 (depends on 12)

The method of claim 12, wherein after obtaining the forwarding label, the method further comprises:
creating, by the service router, a local entry in a fast path table stored at the service router, wherein the local entry includes a correspondence between the name of the content and the forwarding label.

### Claim 14 (depends on 12)

The method of claim 12, wherein the method further comprises:
updating, by the domain controller, a correspondence between the name of the content and the forwarding label in responsive to a mobility service flag indicating a mobility of the content's producer node.

### Claim 15 (depends on 10)

The method of claim 10, wherein the forwarding label has a nodal, a domain, or a global scope.

### Claim 16

A service router for routing a message in a named data network (NDN), comprising:
a processor; and
a memory coupled to the processor and storing programming for execution by the processor;
the processor configured to execute the programming to perform operations of:
receiving an interest message from a consumer node, wherein the interest message is used to express interest for content, and a header of the interest message includes a name of the content;
obtaining a forwarding label according to the name of the content, wherein the forwarding label indicates an address associated with a location of the content; and
sending an updated interest message to a next hop node, wherein a header of the updated interest message includes a first field containing the name of the content and a second field containing the forwarding label, and wherein the first field and the second field are two separate fields.

### Claim 17 (depends on 16)

The service router of claim 16, wherein the processor is configured to execute the programming to perform an operation of:
retrieving the forwarding label from a fast path table stored at the service router.

### Claim 18 (depends on 16)

The service router of claim 16, wherein the processor is configured to execute the programming to perform an operation of:
sending a request for the forwarding label to a domain controller.

### Claim 19 (depends on 18)

The service router of claim 18, wherein the processor is configured to execute the programming to perform an operation of:
creating a local entry in a fast path table stored at the service router, wherein the local entry includes a correspondence between the name of the content and the forwarding label.

### Claim 20 (depends on 16)

The service router of claim 16, wherein the processor is configured to execute the programming to perform an operation of:
updating a correspondence between the name of the content and the forwarding label in responsive to a mobility service flag indicating a mobility of the content's producer node.

### Claim 21 (depends on 16)

The service router of claim 16, wherein the forwarding label has a nodal, a domain, or a global scope.