# US 9,521,074 B2 · Methods and apparatus for direct routing between nodes of networks > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 9,521,074 B2 - Document ID: US9521074B2 - Status: Granted - Kind: B2 - Application number: 13/468,913 - Filed: 2012-05-10 - Published: 2013-11-14 - Granted: 2016-12-13 - Earliest claimed: 2012-05-10 - Assignees: Sonos, Inc. - Applicants: Jeffrey M. Peters; Steven Beckhardt; Hrishikesh Gossain; Nicholas A. J. Millington - Inventors: Jeffrey M. Peters; Steven Beckhardt; Hrishikesh Gossain; Nicholas A. J. Millington - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US9521074B2 ## CPC - H04W 40/08: based on transmission power - H04L 45/122: by minimising distances, e.g. by selecting a route with minimum of number of hops - H04L 45/18: Loop-free operations - H04L 45/48: Routing tree calculation - H04L 45/70: {Routing based on monitoring results} - H04W 40/02: Communication route or path selection, e.g. power-based or shortest path routing - H04W: WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS (broadcast communication H04H; communication systems using wireless links for non-selective communication, e.g. wireless extensions H04M1/72) - H04L: TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION (arrangements common to telegraphic and telephonic communication H04M) ## Abstract Methods and apparatus for direction routing between nodes of networks are disclosed. An example method includes identifying a destination node of first data received at a first node; calculating a logical distance from the first node to the destination node; and, when the logical distance meets a threshold condition and when a direct route from the first node to the destination node is blocked according to a protocol setting, overriding the protocol setting to enable transmission of the first data from the first node to the destination node via the direct route. ## Claims ### Claim 1 In a mesh network configured according to a spanning tree protocol, a method comprising: identifying a destination zone player device for first data received at a first zone player device; determining a direct route to send the first data between the first zone player device and the destination zone player device via the mesh network, wherein the direct route is a direct link in the mesh network between the first zone player device and the destination zone player device; calculating, via a processor, a logical distance for sending the first data from the first zone player device to the destination zone player device; wherein the logical distance is defined by a bridge table configured according to the spanning tree protocol, the bridge table defining a communication path in the mesh network between the first zone player device and the destination zone player device for sending the first data; in response to calculating that the logical distance for sending the first data from the first zone player device to the destination zone player device is greater than one, enabling, via the processor, the direct route for sending the first data between the first zone player device and the destination zone player device by overriding the communication path in the mesh network defined by the bridge table, the bridge table configured according to the spanning tree protocol and in response to calculating that the logical distance is one, following the communication path in the mesh network defined by the bridge table to send the first data between the first zone player device and the destination zone player device. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) A method as defined in claim 1, further comprising: determining whether the direct route comprises a wireless link or a wired link; in response to determining that the direct route comprises a wired link, preventing the enabling of the direct route between the first zone player device and the destination zone player device; and in response to determining that the direct route comprises the wireless link, allowing the enabling of the direct route. ### Claim 3 (depends on 2) A method as defined in claim 2, further comprising monitoring a signal strength associated with the wireless link. ### Claim 4 (depends on 3) A method as defined in claim 3, further comprising preventing the enabling of the direct route when the signal strength is less than a threshold. ### Claim 5 (depends on 1) A method as defined in claim 1, wherein the logical distance comprises a number of hops. ### Claim 6 A tangible computer readable storage medium comprising instructions that, when executed, cause a machine to: calculate a logical distance for sending communication between a first zone player and a destination zone player via a mesh network configured according to a spanning tree protocol, wherein the logical distance is defined by a bridge table configured according to the spanning tree protocol, the bridge table defining a communication path in the mesh network between the first zone player and the destination zone player for sending the communication; determine a direct link in the mesh network to send the communication between the first zone player and the destination zone player; determine a wireless signal strength of the direct link between the first zone player and the destination zone player; in response to calculating that the logical distance for sending the communication between the first zone player and the destination zone player is greater than one and determining that the wireless signal strength satisfies a threshold, enable transmission of the communication from the first zone player to the destination zone player via the direct link by overriding the communication path in the mesh network defined by the bridge table, the bridge table configured according to the spanning tree protocol; and in response to calculating that the logical distance for the communication is one or determining that the wireless signal strength does not satisfy the threshold, enable transmission of the communication from the first zone player to the destination zone player via the communication path in the mesh network defined by the bridge table. ### Claim 7 (depends on 6) A tangible computer readable storage medium as defined in claim 6, wherein the logical distance is greater than one when the received communication is not a next hop frame. ### Claim 8 (depends on 6) A tangible computer readable storage medium as defined in claim 6, wherein the instructions, when executed, cause the machine to determine the wireless signal strength by calculating an average number of valid messages exchanged between the first zone player and the destination zone player over a period of time. ### Claim 9 (depends on 6) A tangible computer readable storage medium as defined in claim 6, wherein the first zone player is representative of one of a plurality of networked media presentation devices implemented in a household. ### Claim 10 A media zone player device, comprising: a processor; a memory; instructions stored in the memory and executable by the processor which cause the processor to: determine whether a configuration data structure of the media zone player device indicates that a port is linked to a destination address of a data packet received via a mesh network, the mesh network configured according to a spanning tree protocol, wherein the configuration data structure further comprises a bridge table configured according to the spanning tree protocol, the bridge table defining a communication path in the mesh network between the media zone player and a second media zone player; determine whether the data packet is a next hop packet based on the communication path in the mesh network defined by the bridge table; based on the determinations that the port is linked to the destination address and the data packet is not a next hop packet override the communication path in the mesh network defined by the bridge table, the bridge table configured according to the spanning tree protocol, wherein the overriding the communication path enables a direct routing of the data packet from the media zone player device to the second media zone player device and based on the determination that the data packet is the next hop packet, following the communication path in the mesh network defined by the bridge table to send the data packet from the media zone player device to the second media zone player device. ### Claim 11 (depends on 10) A media zone player device as defined in claim 10, wherein overriding the communication path comprises replacing a destination port of the data packet with a port identifier associated with the second media zone player device. ### Claim 12 (depends on 10) A media zone player device as defined in claim 10, further comprising instructions stored in the memory and executable by the processor which cause the processor to determine a characteristic of the wireless link and to follow the communication path when the characteristic of the wireless link is below a threshold. ### Claim 13 (depends on 10) A media zone player device as defined in claim 10, further comprising instructions stored in the memory and executable by the processor which cause the processor to follow the communication path when the data packet includes a maintenance frame. ### Claim 14 (depends on 10) A media zone player device as defined in claim 10, wherein determining whether the data packet is a next-hop packet comprises calculating a logical distance for the data packet between the media zone player device and the second media zone player device. ### Claim 15 (depends on 1) A method as defined in claim 1, further comprising: determining whether the first data comprises a maintenance frame; in response to determining that the first data comprises the maintenance frame, preventing the enabling of the direct route between the first zone player device and the destination zone player device; and in response to determining that the first data does not comprise the maintenance frame, allowing the enabling of the direct route. ### Claim 16 (depends on 2) A method as defined in claim 2, wherein determining whether the direct route comprises the wireless link or the wired link comprises identifying a type of a forwarding port used by the first zone player device to forward the first data. ### Claim 17 (depends on 6) A tangible computer readable medium as defined in claim 6, wherein the instructions, when executed, cause the machine to override the bridge table by changing a first address corresponding to an intermediary node in a header of the received communication with a second address corresponding to the destination zone player.