# US 9,521,026 B1 · Tomlinson-harashima precoding with non-overlapping dynamic modulation coding subsets

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- Number: US 9,521,026 B1
- Document ID: US9521026B1
- Status: Granted
- Kind: B1
- Application number: 14/732,740
- Filed: 2015-06-07
- Published: 2016-12-08
- Granted: 2016-12-13
- Earliest claimed: 2015-06-07
- Assignees: Valens Semiconductor Ltd.
- Applicants: Valens Semiconductor Ltd.
- Inventors: Eyran Lida; Aviv Salamon
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US9521026B1

## CPC

- H04L 25/03343: {Arrangements at the transmitter end}
- H04L 25/4975: {Correlative coding using Tomlinson precoding, Harashima precoding, Trellis precoding or GPRS}
- H04L: TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION (arrangements common to telegraphic and telephonic communication H04M)

## Abstract

A Tomlinson-Harashima Precoding (THP) transmitter transmits data modulated by non-overlapping Dynamic Modulation Coding (DMC) to a receiver. In order to enable the receiver to differentiate between the different modulations of the DMC, a novel non-overlapping DMC is used. The constellations of the non-overlapping DMC are selected such that the result of the modulo operation of the THP maintains the signal levels, belonging to the different constellations, separated.

## Claims

### Claim 1

A Tomlinson-Harashima Precoding transmitter, comprising:
a signal generator configured to produce non-overlapping Dynamic Modulation Coding signals comprising: a first Pulse-Amplitude Modulation constellation of M levels (PAM-M), and a second Pulse-Amplitude Modulation constellation of N levels (PAM-N), wherein M>N; wherein the meaning of producing Dynamic Modulation Coding is that a receiver expects to receive either PAM-M or PAM-N signals, and not just PAM-M signals or just PAM-N signals;
wherein the PAM-M and PAM-N constellations have different levels without any overlap thereof; and
wherein the Tomlinson-Harashima Precoding transmitter uses modulo K*M, where K is an integer equal to or greater than two; and wherein the result of the modulo K*M operation applied to the PAM-M and PAM-N constellations maintains the signal levels belonging to the different constellations without any overlap thereof.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

The Tomlinson-Harashima Precoding transmitter of claim 1, wherein the non-overlapping Dynamic Modulation Coding utilizes odd levels for highest constellation, and non-overlapping even levels for other constellations.

### Claim 3 (depends on 1)

The Tomlinson-Harashima Precoding transmitter of claim 1, wherein the non-overlapping Dynamic Modulation Coding comprises the following constellations: PAM-16 {−15, −13, −11, −9, −7, −5, −3, −1, 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15}, and PAM-8 {−14, −10, −6, −2, 2, 6, 10, 14}.

### Claim 4 (depends on 3)

The Tomlinson-Harashima Precoding transmitter of claim 3, wherein the non-overlapping Dynamic Modulation Coding further comprises the following constellations: PAM-4 {−12, −4, 4, 12}, and PAM-2 {−8, 8}.

### Claim 5 (depends on 1)

The Tomlinson-Harashima Precoding transmitter of claim 1, wherein the non-overlapping Dynamic Modulation Coding comprises the following constellations: PAM-8 {−7, −5, −3, −1, 1, 3, 5, 7,}, and PAM-4 {−6, −2, 2, 6}.

### Claim 6 (depends on 5)

The Tomlinson-Harashima Precoding transmitter of claim 5, wherein the non-overlapping Dynamic Modulation Coding further comprises the constellation: PAM-2 {−4, 4}.

### Claim 7

A Tomlinson-Harashima Precoding transmitter, comprising:
a signal generator configured to produce non-overlapping Dynamic Modulation Coding signals comprising: a first Pulse-Amplitude Modulation constellation of M levels (PAM-M), and a second Pulse-Amplitude Modulation constellation of N levels (PAM-N); wherein M>N, and the PAM-M and PAM-N constellations have different levels without any overlap thereof; and wherein the meaning of producing Dynamic Modulation Coding is that a receiver expects to receive either PAM-M or PAM-N signals, and not just PAM-M signals or just PAM-N signals; and
a Tomlinson-Harashima Precoder configured to receive the non-overlapping Dynamic Modulation Coding signals and a compensation signal, and to output a modulo K*M result, where K is an integer equal to or greater than two; wherein the result of the modulo K*M operation applied to the PAM-M and PAM-N constellations maintains the signal levels belonging to the different constellations separated.

### Claim 8 (depends on 7)

The Tomlinson-Harashima Precoding transmitter of claim 7, wherein the non-overlapping Dynamic Modulation Coding utilizes odd levels for highest constellation, and non-overlapping even levels for other constellations.

### Claim 9 (depends on 7)

The Tomlinson-Harashima Precoding transmitter of claim 7, wherein the non-overlapping Dynamic Modulation Coding comprises the following constellations: PAM-16 {−15, −13, −11, −9, −7, −5, −3, −1, 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15}, and PAM-8 {−14, −10, −6, −2, 2, 6, 10, 14}.

### Claim 10 (depends on 9)

The Tomlinson-Harashima Precoding transmitter of claim 9, wherein the non-overlapping Dynamic Modulation Coding further comprises the following constellations: PAM-4 {−12, −4, 4, 12}, and PAM-2 {−8, 8}.

### Claim 11 (depends on 7)

The Tomlinson-Harashima Precoding transmitter of claim 7, wherein the non-overlapping Dynamic Modulation Coding comprises the following constellations: PAM-8 {−7, −5, −3, −1, 1, 3, 5, 7,}, and PAM-4 {−6, −2, 2, 6}.

### Claim 12 (depends on 11)

The Tomlinson-Harashima Precoding transmitter of claim 11, wherein the non-overlapping Dynamic Modulation Coding further comprises the constellation: PAM-2 {−4, 4}.