# US 9,518,178 B2 · Milling process > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 9,518,178 B2 - Document ID: US9518178B2 - Status: Granted - Kind: B2 - Application number: 14/239,004 - Filed: 2012-08-09 - Published: 2014-07-31 - Granted: 2016-12-13 - Earliest claimed: 2011-08-17 - Assignees: Solvay Specialty Polymers Italy S.P.A. - Applicants: Liubov Chernysheva; Giovanni Comino; Giulio Brinati - Inventors: Liubov Chernysheva; Giovanni Comino; Giulio Brinati - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US9518178B2 ## CPC - C08L 27/20: Homopolymers or copolymers of hexafluoropropene - C08F 214/22: Vinylidene fluoride - C08F 214/222: {with fluorinated vinyl ethers} - C08F 214/225: {with non-fluorinated comonomers} - C08L 27/12: containing fluorine atoms - C08L 27/16: Homopolymers or copolymers or vinylidene fluoride - C08L 2205/02: containing two or more polymers of the same C08L -group - C08L 2205/025: containing two or more polymers of the same hierarchy C08L, and differing only in parameters such as density, comonomer content, molecular weight, structure - C08L: COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS (compositions based on polymerisable monomers C08F, C08G; artificial filaments or fibres D01F; textile treating compositions D06) - C08F: MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS ## Abstract The invention pertains to a process for cryogenic milling mixtures of (per)fluoroelastomers and semicrystalline thermoplastic VDF polymers, and to free-flowing micronized pellets obtainable therefrom, said micronized pellets advantageously yielding, after extrusion and compounding, excellent mechanical properties, even improved over those of base fluoroelastomer matrix. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A process for manufacturing micronized pellets of a (per)fluoroelastomer composition, said process comprising milling a composition consisting essentially of at least one (per)fluoroelastomer (A) and at least one thermoplastic semicrystalline vinylidene fluoride polymer (F) at a temperature below glass transition temperature of said (per)fluoroelastomer, wherein the micronized pellets, after 24 hours of storage at room temperature, have a pourability of less than 60 s when measured according to ASTM D1895 standard, using the funnel of Test method B and the cylinder of Test Method A, when measured at room temperature. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The process of claim 1, wherein fluoroelastomer (A) is selected from the group consisting of: (1) VDF-based copolymers, in which VDF is copolymerized with at least one comonomer selected from the group consisting of: (a) C2-C8 perfluoroolefins; (b) hydrogen-containing C2-C8 olefins; (c) C2-C8 chloro and/or bromo and/or iodo-fluoroolefins; (d) (per)fluoroalkylvinylethers (PAVE) of formula CF2═CFORf, wherein Rf is a C1-C6 (per)fluoroalkyl group; (e) (per)fluoro-oxy-alkylvinylethers of formula CF2═CFOX, wherein X is a C1-C12 ((per)fluoro)-oxyalkyl comprising catenary oxygen atoms; (f) (per)fluorodioxoles having formula: wherein Rf3, Rf4, Rf5, Rf6, equal or different from each other, are independently selected from fluorine atoms and C1-C6 (per)fluoroalkyl groups, optionally comprising one or more than one oxygen atom; (g) (per)fluoro-methoxy-vinylethers (MOVE) having formula: CFX2═CX2OCF2OR″f wherein R″f is selected from C1-C6 (per)fluoroalkyls, linear or branched; C5-C6 cyclic (per)fluoroalkyls; and C2-C6 (per)fluorooxyalkyls, linear or branched, comprising from 1 to 3 catenary oxygen atoms, and X2 is selected from F and H; and (h) C2-C8 non-fluorinated olefins (Ol); and (2) TFE-based copolymers, in which TFE is copolymerized with at least one comonomer chosen from (c), (d), (e), (g), (h) as above detailed and (i) perfluorovinyl ethers containing cyanide groups. ### Claim 3 (depends on 2) The process of claim 2, wherein fluoroelastomer (A) is selected from the group consisting of VDF-based copolymers, as defined in claim 2. ### Claim 4 (depends on 1) The process of claim 1, wherein fluoroelastomer (A) comprises recurring units derived from a bis-olefin (OF) having general formula: wherein R1, R2, R3, R4, R5 and R6, equal or different from each other, are H or C1-C5 alkyl; Z is a linear or branched C1-C18 alkylene or cycloalkylene radical, optionally containing oxygen atoms, or a (per)fluoropolyoxyalkylene radical. ### Claim 5 (depends on 4) The process of claim 4, wherein said bis-olefin (OF) is selected from the group consisting of olefins complying with formulae (OF-1), (OF-2) and (OF-3): wherein j is an integer between 2 and 10, and R1, R2, R3, R4, equal or different from each other, are H, F or C1-5 alkyl or (per)fluoroalkyl; wherein each of A, equal or different from each other and at each occurrence, is independently selected from F, Cl, and H; each of B, equal or different from each other and at each occurrence, is independently selected from F, Cl, H and ORB, wherein RB is a branched or straight chain alkyl radical which can be partially, substantially or completely fluorinated or chlorinated; E is a divalent group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, optionally fluorinated, which may be inserted with ether linkages; and wherein E, A and B have the same meaning as above defined; and R5, R6, R7, equal or different from each other, are H, F or C1-5 alkyl or (per)fluoroalkyl. ### Claim 6 (depends on 1) The process according to claim 1, wherein fluoroelastomer (A) comprises iodine and/or bromine cure sites in such amount that the content of iodine and/or bromine in fluoroelastomer (A) is at least 0.05% wt, and not exceeding 2% wt, with respect to the total weight of fluoroelastomer (A). ### Claim 7 (depends on 6) The process according to claim 6, wherein said cure sites comprise pendant groups bound to the backbone of the fluoroelastomer (A) polymer chain or terminal groups of said polymer chain. ### Claim 8 (depends on 1) The process according to claim 1, wherein polymer (F) has a heat of fusion, measured according to ASTM standard D 3418, of at least 5 J/g. ### Claim 9 (depends on 1) The process according to claim 1, wherein polymer (F) is chosen from VDF homopolymers and copolymers of VDF with one or more comonomers containing at least one unsaturation of ethylenic type, wherein the amount of VDF in said copolymers is greater than 85 mol %, based on the total amount of recurring units. ### Claim 10 (depends on 9) The process according to claim 9, wherein polymer (F) is selected from the group consisting of VDF homopolymers and VDF copolymers consisting essentially of repeating units derived from VDF and between 0.1 mol % and 15 mol % of repeating units derived from a comonomer chosen from hexafluoropropylene (HFP), chlorotrifluoroethylene (CTFE) and trifluoroethylene (TrFE), and mixtures thereof. ### Claim 11 (depends on 1) The process according to claim 1, wherein the amount of polymer (F) in the composition is between 5% and 80% by weight relative to the total weight of fluoroelastomer (A) and polymer (F). ### Claim 12 (depends on 1) Micronized pellets of a composition comprising at least one (per)fluoroelastomer (A) and at least one thermoplastic semicrystalline vinylidene fluoride polymer (F), as prepared by the process according to claim 1, having a pourability of less than 60 s when measured according to ASTM D1895 standard, using the funnel of Test method B and the cylinder of Test Method A, when measured at room temperature. ### Claim 13 (depends on 12) A peroxide curable composition comprising the micronized pellets of claim 12 and at least one peroxide. ### Claim 14 (depends on 12) An ionically curable composition comprising micronized pellets of claim 12 and at least one curing agent and at least one accelerator. ### Claim 15 (depends on 2) The process of claim 2, wherein fluoroelastomer (A) is selected from the group consisting of: (1) VDF-based copolymers, in which VDF is copolymerized with at least one comonomer selected from the group consisting of: (a) C2-C8 perfluoroolefins selected from tetrafluoroethylene (TFE), hexafluoropropylene (HFP) and hexafluoroisobutylene; (b) hydrogen-containing C2-C8 olefins selected from vinyl fluoride (VF), trifluoroethylene (TrFE), and perfluoroalkyl ethylenes of formula CH2═CH—Rf, wherein Rf is a C1-C6 perfluoroalkyl group; (c) chlorotrifluoroethylene (CTFE); (d) (per)fluoroalkylvinylethers (PAVE) of formula CF2═CFORf, wherein Rf is selected from CF3, C2F5 and C3F7; (e) (per)fluoro-oxy-alkylvinylethers of formula CF2═CFOX, wherein X is perfluoro-2-propoxypropyl; (per)fluorodioxoles having formula: wherein Rf3, Rf4, Rf5, Rf6, equal or different from each other, are independently selected from fluorine, —CF3, —C2F5, —C3F7, —OCF3 and —OCF2CF2OCF3; (g) (per)fluoro-methoxy-vinylethers (MOVE) having formula: CFX2═CX2OCF2OR″f wherein X2 is F and R″f is selected from —CF2CF3 (MOVE1), —CF2CF2OCF3 (MOVE2) and —CF3 (MOVES); and (h) C2-C8 non-fluorinated olefins (Ol) selected from ethylene and propylene; and (2) TFE-based copolymers, in which TFE is copolymerized with at least one comonomer chosen from (c), (d), (e), (g), (h) as above detailed and (i) perfluorovinyl ethers containing cyanide groups. ### Claim 16 (depends on 6) The process according to claim 6, wherein fluoroelastomer (A) comprises iodine and/or bromine cure sites in such amount that the content of iodine and/or bromine in fluoroelastomer (A) is at least 0.15% wt, and not exceeding 0.5% wt, with respect to the total weight of fluoroelastomer (A). ### Claim 17 (depends on 8) The process according to claim 8, wherein polymer (F) has a heat of fusion, measured according to ASTM standard D 3418, of at least 25 J/g. ### Claim 18 (depends on 9) The process according to claim 9, wherein polymer (F) is chosen from VDF homopolymers and copolymers of VDF with one or more comonomers containing at least one unsaturation of ethylenic type, wherein the amount of VDF in said copolymers is greater than 90 mol %, based on the total amount of recurring units. ### Claim 19 (depends on 11) The process according to claim 11, wherein the amount of polymer (F) in the composition is between 15% and 60% by weight relative to the total weight of fluoroelastomer (A) and polymer (F). ### Claim 20 (depends on 12) The micronized pellets of claim 12, having a pourability of less than 35 s, when measured according to ASTM D1895 standard, using the funnel of Test method B and the cylinder of Test Method A, when measured at room temperature.