# US 9,517,700 B2 · Method for the contactless charging of the battery of an electric automobile

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- Number: US 9,517,700 B2
- Document ID: US9517700B2
- Status: Granted
- Kind: B2
- Application number: 14/362,498
- Filed: 2012-12-04
- Published: 2014-11-06
- Granted: 2016-12-13
- Earliest claimed: 2011-12-13
- Assignees: RENAULT s.a.s.
- Applicants: RENAULT s.a.s.
- Inventors: Jeanne Houivet; Samuel Cregut
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US9517700B2

## CPC

- B60L 53/126: Methods for pairing a vehicle and a charging station, e.g. establishing a one-to-one relation between a wireless power transmitter and a wireless power receiver
- B60L 53/12: Inductive energy transfer
- B60L 53/36: by positioning the vehicle
- B60L 53/38: specially adapted for charging by inductive energy transfer
- H02J 50/12: of the resonant type
- B60L 2210/30: AC to DC converters
- B60L 2210/40: DC to AC converters
- H02J 7/933: {the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters}
- H02J 50/70: involving the reduction of electric, magnetic or electromagnetic leakage fields
- H02J 2105/37: exchanging power with electric vehicles [EV] or with hybrid electric vehicles [HEV]
- Y02T 10/70: Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
- Y02T 10/7072: Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
- Y02T 10/72: Electric energy management in electromobility
- Y02T 90/12: Electric charging stations
- Y02T 90/14: Plug-in electric vehicles
- B60L: PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES (arrangements or mounting of electrical propulsion units or of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion in vehicles B60K1/00, B60K6/20; arrangements or mounting of electrical gearing in vehicles B60K17/12, B60K17/14; preventing wheel slip by reducing power in rail vehicles B61C15/08; dynamo-electric machines H02K; control or regulation of electric motors H02P); SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES (electric coupling devices combined with mechanical couplings of vehicles B60D1/64; electric heating for vehicles B60H1/00); ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL (control or regulation of electric motors H02P); MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- H02J: ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- Y02T: CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION

## Abstract

A method for contactless charging of the battery of an electric automobile by magnetic induction using a transmitter coil of a charging device and a receiver coil of the vehicle, the method including: controlling a power supply of a converter, at terminals of which the transmitter coil is connected, according to a variable frequency; measuring, in an analog circuit, a value of a current and of a voltage at the terminals of the transmission coil; calculating a phase shift between the current and the voltage; converting the phase shift into a digital value; and locking the variable frequency of the converter to the phase-shift value by digital processing.

## Claims

### Claim 1

A method of contactless charging of a battery of an electric automotive vehicle by magnetic induction between an emitting resonant circuit including an emitting coil of a charging device and a receiving resonant circuit of the vehicle including a receiving coil, the vehicle being positioned above the emitting coil for magnetic coupling between the emitting coil and the receiving coil, the method comprising:
commanding an electrical power supply together with setpoints of an inverter across terminals of which is linked the emitting coil in a variable frequency;
measuring in an analog circuit a value of a current and of a voltage across the terminals of the emitting coil;
computing, by using an analog circuit, a phase shift between the current and the voltage;
converting the phase shift into a numerical value; and
slaving a frequency of the setpoints dispatched to the inverter to the numerical value of the phase shift,
wherein the slaving is implemented by a proportional integral regulator, a value of a proportional gain of the proportional integral regulator and a value of an integral gain of the proportional integral regulator optimize a rate of convergence of the frequency of the inverter to the predetermined value.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

The method as claimed in claim 1, further comprising:
establishing an absolute value of the phase shift;
computing a derivative of the absolute value of the phase shift;
computing a sign of the derivative; and
estimating a value of a real phase shift as a function of the absolute value of the phase shift, of the derivative, and of the sign of the derivative.

### Claim 3 (depends on 2)

The method as claimed in claim 2, further comprising filtering the absolute value of the phase shift.

### Claim 4 (depends on 2)

The method as claimed in claim 2, further comprising:
comparing the derivative of the absolute value of the phase shift with a high threshold value, and with a low threshold value;
emitting a signal representative of the sign of the signal of phase shift between the current and the voltage;
wherein
if the derivative of the absolute value of the phase shift is greater than the high threshold value, then the sign of the signal of phase shift between the current and the voltage is considered to be positive, and
if the derivative of the absolute value of the phase shift is less than the low threshold value, then the sign of the signal of phase shift between the current and the voltage is considered to be negative.

### Claim 5 (depends on 1)

The method as claimed in claim 1, further comprising slaving the frequency of the inverter to a phase shift value below a predetermined value.

### Claim 6 (depends on 1)

A non-transitory computer readable medium comprising computer program code instructions for execution of the method as claimed in claim 1, when the program code instructions are executed on a computer.

### Claim 7

A system for contactless charging by magnetic induction of a battery of an electric automotive vehicle comprising a receiving resonant circuit which includes a receiving coil, the system comprising:
an emitting resonant circuit comprising an emitting coil;
an inverter across terminals of which is linked the emitting coil;
an analog and digital motherboard on which are disposed an analog circuit and a control board, a current and a voltage across the terminals of the emitting coil being measured and processed by the analog circuit that computes an absolute value of a phase shift between the current and the voltage, a phase shift signal arising from the analog circuit being injected as an input into the control board which emits as an output setpoints to the inverter; and
an analog-digital converter for converting the phase shift into a numerical value,
the control board being configured to slave a frequency of the setpoints dispatched to the inverter to a value of the phase shift, for magnetic coupling between the emitting coil and the receiving coil when the vehicle is positioned above the emitting coil,
wherein the slaving is implemented by a proportional integral regulator, a value of a proportional gain of the proportional integral regulator and a value of an integral gain of the proportional integral regulator optimize a rate of convergence of the frequency of the inverter to the predetermined value.