# US 9,439,194 B2 · Method for robust real-time wireless industrial communication > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 9,439,194 B2 - Document ID: US9439194B2 - Status: Granted - Kind: B2 - Application number: 14/210,864 - Filed: 2014-03-14 - Published: 2014-09-18 - Granted: 2016-09-06 - Earliest claimed: 2013-03-15 - Assignees: Robert Bosch GmbH - Applicants: Robert Bosch GmbH - Inventors: Vivek Jain; Junseok Kim; Matthias Bauer; Gunther May - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US9439194B2 ## CPC - H04W 72/0453: Resources in frequency domain, e.g. a carrier in FDMA - H04L 5/00: Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path - H04L 5/0037: {Inter-user or inter-terminal allocation} - H04L 5/0044: {Allocation of payload; Allocation of data channels, e.g. PDSCH or PUSCH} - H04L 5/0048: {Allocation of pilot signals, i.e. of signals known to the receiver (allocation of control signalling H04L5/0053; use of control signalling H04L5/0091)} - H04L 27/2613: {Structure of the reference signals} - H04L 27/2656: {Frame synchronisation, e.g. packet synchronisation, time division duplex [TDD] switching point detection or subframe synchronisation} - H04L 27/2692: {with preamble design, i.e. with negotiation of the synchronisation sequence with transmitter or sequence linked to the algorithm used at the receiver} - H04L 5/0007: {the frequencies being orthogonal, e.g. OFDM(A) or DMT} - H04L 27/26132: {using repetition} - H04W 84/18: Self-organising networks, e.g. ad-hoc networks or sensor networks - H04W: WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS (broadcast communication H04H; communication systems using wireless links for non-selective communication, e.g. wireless extensions H04M1/72) - H04L: TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION (arrangements common to telegraphic and telephonic communication H04M) ## Abstract Methods for operating real-time wireless networks enable robust medium access strategies for communicating nodes in the network. A given wireless channel is divided into several sub-carriers, with each node assigned to a subset of sub-carriers. A master wireless node uses different subsets of the sub-carriers to communication with two or more slave wireless nodes simultaneously. The method includes generation of preambles that are robust to interference and multipath conditions. The method also enables communication within a maximum predetermined latency bound. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A method for wireless communication comprising: generating with a first controller in a master wireless node a first allotment of sub-carriers selected from a predetermined frequency band for communication with a first slave wireless node, the first allotment of sub-carriers including at least two orthogonal sub-carriers; generating with the first controller in the master wireless node a second of allotment of sub-carriers selected from the predetermined frequency band for communication with a second slave wireless node, the second allotment of sub-carriers including at least two orthogonal sub-carriers that are different than the at least two orthogonal sub-carriers in the first allotment; transmitting with a first transceiver in the master wireless node a first message to the first slave wireless node using only the first allotment of sub-carriers and a second message to the second slave wireless node using only the second allotment of sub-carriers, the first message being different than the second message and the transmission of the first message and the second message occurring substantially simultaneously; generating with a second controller in the first slave wireless node a third message for transmission to the master wireless node; and transmitting with a second transceiver in the first slave wireless node a preamble to the master wireless node followed immediately by the third message using the first allotment of sub-carriers, the preamble including a first predetermined sequence of symbols, a repetition of the first predetermined sequence of symbols, and a second predetermined sequence of symbols having a low correlation to the first predetermined sequence of symbols. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1 the generation of the first allotment of sub-carriers further comprising: selecting with the first controller in the master wireless node two sub-carriers for the first allotment of sub-carriers in the predetermined frequency band having a plurality of sub-carriers in which a first sub-carrier in the first allotment of sub-carriers is separated from a second sub-carrier in the first allotment of sub-carriers by at least one other sub-carrier in the plurality of sub-carriers in the predetermined frequency band. ### Claim 3 (depends on 2) The method of claim 2 the generation of the second allotment of sub-carriers further comprising: selecting with the first controller in the master wireless node the at least one other sub-carrier in the plurality of sub-carriers that separates the first sub-carrier in the first allotment of sub-carriers and the second sub-carrier in the first allotment of sub-carriers as one of the sub-carriers for the second allotment of sub-carriers. ### Claim 4 (depends on 2) The method of claim 2 further comprising: transmitting with the first transceiver in the master wireless node the first message and the second message with a transmission time for the first message and the second message being substantially equal. ### Claim 5 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1 further comprising: generating with the first controller in the master wireless node a beacon frame; and transmitting with the first transceiver in the master wireless node the beacon frame to the first slave wireless node and the second slave wireless node, using both the first allotment of sub-carriers and the second allotment of sub-carriers, to synchronize the first slave wireless node and the second slave wireless node. ### Claim 6 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1 further comprising: generating with a third controller in the second slave wireless node a fourth message for transmission to the master wireless node; and transmitting with a third transceiver in the second slave wireless node the preamble to the master wireless node followed immediately by the fourth message using the second allotment of sub-carriers, the transmitting of the fourth message by the second slave wireless node occurring substantially simultaneously to the transmission of the third message by the first slave wireless node. ### Claim 7 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, the transmission of the first message from the master wireless node to the first slave wireless node further comprising: transmitting with the first transceiver in the master wireless node a first symbol in the first message using a first orthogonal sub-carrier and a second orthogonal sub-carrier in the at least two orthogonal sub-carriers of the first allotment to transmit the first symbol to the first slave wireless node with both the first and second orthogonal sub-carriers. ### Claim 8 A wireless communication system comprising: a first slave wireless node; a second slave wireless node; and a master wireless node, the master wireless node comprising: a first transceiver configured to transmit data to the first slave wireless node and the second slave wireless node and receive data from the first slave wireless node and the second slave wireless node; and a first controller operatively connected to the first transceiver, the first controller being configured to: generate a first allotment of sub-carriers selected from a predetermined frequency band for communication with the first slave wireless node, the first allotment of sub-carriers including at least two orthogonal sub-carriers; generate a second of allotment of sub-carriers selected from the predetermined frequency band for communication with the second slave wireless node, the second allotment of sub-carriers including at least two orthogonal sub-carriers that are different than the at least two orthogonal sub-carriers in the first allotment; and transmit a first message to the first slave wireless node using only the first allotment of sub-carriers and a second message to the second slave wireless node using only the second allotment of sub-carriers, the first message being different than the second message and the transmission of the first message and the second message occurring substantially simultaneously; and the first slave wireless node further comprising: a second transceiver configured to transmit data to the master wireless node and receive data from the master wireless node; and a second controller operatively connected to the second transceiver, the second controller being configured to: generate a third message for transmission to the master wireless node; and transmit a preamble to the master wireless node followed immediately by the third message using the first allotment of sub-carriers, the preamble including a first predetermined sequence of symbols, a repetition of the first predetermined sequence of symbols, and a second predetermined sequence of symbols having a low correlation to the first predetermined sequence of symbols. ### Claim 9 (depends on 8) The system of claim 8, the first controller being further configured to: select two sub-carriers for the first allotment in the predetermined frequency band having a plurality of sub-carriers in which a first sub-carrier in the first allotment of sub-carriers is separated from a second sub-carrier in the first allotment of sub-carriers by at least one other sub-carrier in the plurality of sub-carriers in the predetermined frequency band. ### Claim 10 (depends on 9) The system of claim 9, the first controller being further configured to: select the at least one other sub-carrier in the plurality of sub-carriers that separates the first sub-carrier in the first allotment of sub-carriers and the second sub-carrier in the first allotment of sub-carriers as one of the sub-carriers for the second allotment of sub-carriers. ### Claim 11 (depends on 9) The system of claim 9, the first controller being further configured to: transmit the first message and the second message with a transmission time for the first message and the second message being substantially equal. ### Claim 12 (depends on 8) The system of claim 8, the first controller being further configured to: generate a beacon frame; and transmit the beacon frame to the first slave wireless node and the second slave wireless node, using both the first allotment of sub-carriers and the second allotment of sub-carriers, to synchronize the first slave wireless node and the second slave wireless node. ### Claim 13 (depends on 8) The system of claim 8, the second slave wireless node further comprising: a third transceiver configured to transmit data to the master wireless node and receive data from the master wireless node; and a third controller operatively connected to the third transceiver, the third controller being configured to: generate a fourth message for transmission to the master wireless node; and transmit the preamble to the master wireless node followed immediately by the fourth message using the second allotment of sub-carriers, the transmitting of the fourth message by the second slave wireless node occurring substantially simultaneously to the transmission of the third message by the first slave wireless node. ### Claim 14 (depends on 8) The system of claim 8, the first controller being further configured to: transmit a first symbol in the first message using a first orthogonal sub-carrier and a second orthogonal sub-carrier in the at least two orthogonal sub-carriers of the first allotment to transmit the first symbol to the first slave wireless node with both the first and second orthogonal sub-carriers.