# US 9,439,106 B2 · Mobile backhaul dynamic QoS bandwidth harmonization

> Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt

- Number: US 9,439,106 B2
- Document ID: US9439106B2
- Status: Granted
- Kind: B2
- Application number: 13/669,900
- Filed: 2012-11-06
- Published: 2014-05-08
- Granted: 2016-09-06
- Earliest claimed: 2012-11-06
- Assignees: Nokia Solutions and Networks Oy
- Applicants: Nokia Siemens Networks Oy
- Inventors: Anand S. Bedekar; Thomas Gemmer; Joao Gustavo Kluck Gomes; Nir Zinger; Heikki-Stefan Almay; Giuseppe Targia; Raul Pombo
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US9439106B2

## CPC

- H04W 28/24: Negotiating SLA [Service Level Agreement]; Negotiating QoS [Quality of Service]
- H04L 47/127: by using congestion prediction
- H04L 47/24: Traffic characterised by specific attributes, e.g. priority or QoS
- H04L 47/30: in combination with information about buffer occupancy at either end or at transit nodes
- H04W 28/02: Traffic management, e.g. flow control or congestion control
- H04W: WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS (broadcast communication H04H; communication systems using wireless links for non-selective communication, e.g. wireless extensions H04M1/72)
- H04L: TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION (arrangements common to telegraphic and telephonic communication H04M)

## Abstract

An embodiment includes determining estimate(s) of bandwidth for class(es) of quality of service to be implemented in base station(s) for service(s) provided to user equipment by the base station(s), determining expiration time(s) for corresponding ones of the estimate(s) of bandwidth, and communicating indications of the same toward mobile backhaul node(s). At a backhaul node, the indications are received and, based on the received indications, downstream bandwidth is modified for user equipment of different quality of service classes, wherein the downstream bandwidth passes through the mobile backhaul node toward the base station(s). Apparatus, software, and computer program products are also disclosed.

## Claims

### Claim 1

An apparatus, comprising:
one or more processors; and one or more memories including computer program code, wherein the one or more memories and the computer program code are configured, with the one or more processors, to cause the apparatus to perform or control at least the following:
determining, for one or more base stations capable of providing radio frequency communication with a plurality of user equipment, one or more estimates of bandwidth for one or more classes of quality of service to be implemented in the one or more base stations for one or more services provided to the plurality of user equipment by the one or more base stations;
determining one or more expiration times for corresponding ones of the one or more estimates of bandwidth for the one or more classes of quality of service to be implemented in the one or more base stations, wherein determining the one or more expiration times further comprises setting the one or more expiration times as being a timestamp and a delta for corresponding ones of the one or more estimates of bandwidth for the one or more classes of quality of service to be implemented in the one or more base stations; and
communicating, toward one or more mobile backhaul nodes by the one or more base stations, one or more indications of the one or more estimates of the bandwidth for the one or more classes of quality of service to be implemented in the one or more base stations and one or more indications of the one or more expiration times, wherein the one or more indications enable modification of downstream bandwidth for user equipment of different quality of service classes, wherein the one or more mobile backhaul nodes provide connectivity between the one or more base stations and a core network, and wherein the downstream bandwidth would pass through the mobile backhaul node toward the one or more base stations.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the one or more estimates of bandwidth for one or more classes of quality of service to be implemented in the one or more base stations comprise one or more real-time historical analyses of byte usage for the one or more classes of quality of service.

### Claim 3 (depends on 2)

The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the one or more real-time historical analyses of byte usage for the one or more classes of quality of service comprise, for an ith quality of service class identifier (“QCI_i”), calculating
BS
QCI_i
t
,
where BSQCI_i is a number of bytes sent for the ith quality of service class identifier for period of analysis t.

### Claim 4 (depends on 1)

The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the one or more estimates of bandwidth for one or more classes of quality of service to be implemented in the one or more base stations comprise one or more predictive future real-time analyses of predicted byte usage for the one or more classes of quality of service.

### Claim 5 (depends on 4)

The apparatus of claim 4, wherein the one or more predictive future real-time analyses of predicted byte usage for the one or more classes of quality of service comprise, for an ith quality of service class identifier, calculating
BF
i
*
BuS
i
*
n
∑
m
=
1
n
⁢
⁢
N
m
*
TTI
m
where BF is a buffer overflow for the ith quality of service class identifier, BuS is a buffer size for the ith quality of service class identifier per data flow, n is a number of data flows, N*TTI is a predictive time needed to deplete the buffer, and TTI is transmission time interval.

### Claim 6 (depends on 1)

The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the one or more estimates of bandwidth for one or more classes of quality of service to be implemented in the one or more base stations comprise one or more “out of band” quality of service classes, which indicate which quality of service classes are estimated to require more bandwidth.

### Claim 7 (depends on 1)

The apparatus of claim 1, wherein determining further comprises determining one or more estimates of a number of connected user equipment for at least one of the one or more classes of quality of service.

### Claim 8 (depends on 1)

The apparatus of claim 1, wherein communicating further comprises:
inserting in one or more packets the one or more indications of the one or more estimates of the bandwidth for the one or more classes of quality of service to be implemented in the one or more base stations and the one or more indication of the one or more expiration times; and
transmitting the one or more packets toward the one or more mobile backhaul nodes.

### Claim 9 (depends on 8)

The apparatus of claim 8, wherein determining the one or more expiration times further comprises setting the one or more expiration times as being a timestamp corresponding to a packet and a delta for corresponding ones of the one or more estimates of bandwidth for the one or more classes of quality of service to be implemented in the one or more base stations.

### Claim 10 (depends on 9)

The apparatus of claim 9, wherein the delta has a minimum value of an estimate of packet roundtrip time from the apparatus to the one or more mobile backhaul nodes.

### Claim 11 (depends on 1)

The apparatus of claim 1, wherein communicating further comprises using one of simple network management protocol, remote procedure call, file transport protocol, or hypertext transmission protocol to communicate the one or more indications toward the one or more mobile backhaul nodes.

### Claim 12 (depends on 1)

The apparatus of claim 1, wherein determining the one or more expiration times further comprises adjusting the delta in real-time based on how congested radio scheduler queues are for corresponding one of the one or more classes of quality of service.

### Claim 13

An apparatus, comprising:
one or more processors; and one or more memories including computer program code, wherein the one or more memories and the computer program code are configured, with the one or more processors, to cause the apparatus to perform or control at least the following:
receiving, at a mobile backhaul node, from a base station, one or more indications of one or more estimates of bandwidth for one or more classes of quality of service to be implemented in one or more base stations for one or more services provided to a plurality of user equipment by the one or more base stations and one or more indications of expiration times for corresponding ones of the one or more estimates of bandwidth for the one or more classes of quality of service to be implemented in the one or more base stations, wherein the backhaul node provides connectivity between said base station and a core network, wherein determining the one or more expiration times further comprises fetching the one or more expiration times as being a timestamp and a delta for corresponding ones of the one or more estimates of bandwidth for the one or more classes of quality of service to be implemented in the one or more base stations; and
modifying, based on the received indications, downstream bandwidth for user equipment of different quality of service classes, wherein the one or more indications enable modification of downstream bandwidth for user equipment of different quality of service classes, and wherein the downstream bandwidth passes through the mobile backhaul node toward the one or more base stations.

### Claim 14 (depends on 13)

The apparatus of claim 13, wherein adjusting further comprises adjusting downstream bandwidth quality of service for user equipment of different classes and for the one or more base stations.

### Claim 15 (depends on 14)

The apparatus of claim 14, wherein adjusting further comprises adjusting downstream bandwidth quality of service for user equipment of different classes and for different sectors in the one or more base stations.

### Claim 16 (depends on 15)

The apparatus of claim 15, wherein adjusting further comprises adjusting downstream bandwidth quality of service for user equipment of different classes and for different sector-carriers in the one or more base stations.

### Claim 17 (depends on 13)

The apparatus of claim 13, wherein receiving further comprising receiving one or more packets containing the one or more indications.

### Claim 18 (depends on 13)

The apparatus of claim 13, wherein receiving further comprises receiving the indications using one of simple network management protocol, remote procedure call, file transport protocol, or hypertext transmission protocol.

### Claim 19 (depends on 13)

The apparatus of claim 13, wherein modifying is performed in response to the expiration time being greater than a sum of a current time and an estimated arrival time for a packet from the mobile backhaul node to a base station of the one or more base stations.

### Claim 20 (depends on 13)

The apparatus of claim 13, wherein modifying further comprises modifying the downstream bandwidth for the user equipment of the different quality of service classes by modifying a scheduler weight corresponding to each different quality of service class.

### Claim 21 (depends on 13)

The apparatus of claim 13, wherein modifying further comprises modifying the downstream bandwidth for the user equipment of the different quality of service classes by modifying an output of a physical queue.

### Claim 22

A computer program product embodied on a non-transitory computer-readable medium in which a computer program is stored that, when being executed by a computer, is configured to provide instructions to control or carry out:
determining, by a radio access network node, for one or more base stations capable of providing radio frequency communication with a plurality of user equipment, one or more estimates of bandwidth for one or more classes of quality of service to be implemented in the one or more base stations for one or more services provided to the plurality of user equipment by the one or more base stations;
determining, by the radio access network node, one or more expiration times for corresponding ones of the one or more estimates of bandwidth for the one or more classes of quality of service to be implemented in the one or more base stations, wherein determining the one or more expiration times further comprises setting the one or more expiration times as being a timestamp and a delta for corresponding ones of the one or more estimates of bandwidth for the one or more classes of quality of service to be implemented in the one or more base stations; and
communicating, toward one or more mobile backhaul nodes by the radio access node, one or more indications of the one or more estimates of the bandwidth for the one or more classes of quality of service to be implemented in the one or more base stations and one or more indications of the one or more expiration times, wherein the one or more indications enable modification of downstream bandwidth for user equipment of different quality of service classes, wherein the one or more mobile backhaul nodes provide connectivity between the one or more base stations and a core network, and wherein the downstream bandwidth passes through the mobile backhaul node toward the one or more base stations.