# US 9,438,239 B2 · Level shifter, DC-DC converter, and level shift method > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 9,438,239 B2 - Document ID: US9438239B2 - Status: Granted - Kind: B2 - Application number: 14/455,626 - Filed: 2014-08-08 - Published: 2015-04-16 - Granted: 2016-09-06 - Earliest claimed: 2013-10-10 - Assignees: Fujitsu Limited - Applicants: Fujitsu Limited - Inventors: Hong Gao - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US9438239B2 ## CPC - H03K 19/018507: {Interface arrangements} - H02M 3/158: including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load - H02M 1/0006: {Arrangements for supplying an adequate voltage to the control circuit of converters} - H02M 1/08: Circuits specially adapted for the generation of control voltages for semiconductor devices incorporated in static converters - H03K: PULSE TECHNIQUE (measuring pulse characteristics G01R; modulating sinusoidal oscillations with pulses H03C; transmission of digital information H04L; discriminator circuits detecting phase difference between two signals by counting or integrating cycles of oscillation H03D3/04; automatic control, starting, synchronisation or stabilisation of generators of electronic oscillations or pulses where the type of generator is irrelevant or unspecified H03L; coding, decoding or code conversion, in general H03M) - H02M: APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF (transformers H01F; dynamo-electric converters H02K47/00; controlling transformers, reactors or choke coils, control or regulation of electric motors, generators or dynamo-electric converters H02P) ## Abstract A level shifter includes: a first cascode portion, including a first transistor of a first conductivity type and a second transistor of a second conductivity type which are cascode-coupled to each other, configured to transmit a first input signal; a second cascode portion, including a third transistor of the first conductivity type and a fourth transistor of the second conductivity type which are cascode-coupled to each other, configured to transmit a second input signal; a latch portion configured to retain a first output signal and a second output signal obtained by changing, based on a first voltage obtained by boosting a power supply voltage, potential levels of the first input signal and the second input signal; and a potential-difference suppression circuit, coupled in parallel to the first cascode portion, configured to control a potential difference between source and drain of each of the first transistor and the second transistor. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A level shifter comprising: a first cascode portion, including a first transistor of a first conductivity type and a second transistor of a second conductivity type which are cascode-coupled to each other, configured to transmit a first input signal; a second cascode portion, including a third transistor of the first conductivity type and a fourth transistor of the second conductivity type which are cascode-coupled to each other, configured to transmit a second input signal which is in a complementary relation with the first input signal; a latch portion configured to retain a first output signal and a second output signal obtained by changing, based on a first voltage obtained by boosting a power supply voltage, potential levels of the first input signal and the second input signal; and a potential-difference suppression circuit, coupled in parallel to the first cascode portion, configured to control a potential difference between a source and a drain of each of the first transistor and the second transistor, wherein a drain of the first transistor is coupled to a drain of the second transistor at a first node, and the potential-difference suppression circuit includes a first protection element and a second protection element having one terminal coupled to one terminal of the first protection element at a second node which is coupled to the first node. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The level shifter according to claim 1, wherein the second output signal output from a node between the first cascode portion and the latch portion has the first voltage at a falling timing of the first input signal input to the first cascode portion. ### Claim 3 (depends on 1) The level shifter according to claim 1, wherein the potential-difference suppression circuit controls a potential difference between a potential of the second output signal and a midpoint potential of the first transistor and the second transistor or a between potential difference between a potential of the first input signal and the midpoint potential. ### Claim 4 (depends on 1) The level shifter according to claim 1, wherein the first protection element and the second protection element are capacitive elements or diodes. ### Claim 5 (depends on 4) The level shifter according to claim 4, wherein the first protection element corresponds to a first capacitive element and the second protection element corresponds to a second capacitive element, and the first capacitive element causes a midpoint potential at the first node to fall at a falling timing of the first input signal, and the second capacitive element causes a potential of the second output signal to fall at a falling timing of the midpoint potential. ### Claim 6 (depends on 4) The level shifter according to claim 4, wherein the first protection element corresponds to a first capacitive element and the second protection element corresponds to a second capacitive element, and a capacitance of the first capacitive element is set based on the power supply voltage as well as a parasitic capacitance and a breakdown voltage of the first transistor and the second transistor. ### Claim 7 (depends on 4) The level shifter according to claim 4, wherein the first protection element corresponds to a first capacitive element and the second protection element corresponds to a second capacitive element, and a capacitance of the second capacitive element is set based on the power supply voltage, a parasitic capacitance of transistors coupled to a third node between the first cascode portion and the latch portion, and a breakdown voltage of the first transistor and the second transistor. ### Claim 8 (depends on 1) The level shifter according to claim 1, wherein the first protection element corresponds to a first group of serially-coupled diodes and the second protection element corresponds to a second group of serially-coupled diodes, the number of the diodes of each of the first group and the second group being set based on a breakdown voltage of the first transistor and the second transistor. ### Claim 9 (depends on 1) The level shifter according to claim 1, wherein the latch portion includes: a fifth transistor of the first conductivity type having a source to which the first voltage is applied and a sixth transistor of the first conductivity type having a source to which the first voltage is applied; a seventh transistor of the second conductivity type having a drain coupled to a drain of the fifth transistor and a gate of the sixth transistor; and an eighth transistor of the second conductivity type having a drain coupled to a drain of the sixth transistor and a gate of the fifth transistor. ### Claim 10 (depends on 9) The level shifter according to claim 9, wherein the power supply voltage is applied to sources of the seventh transistor and the eighth transistor at a rising timing of the first output signal, and the first output signal becomes the power supply voltage. ### Claim 11 (depends on 1) The level shifter according to claim 1, wherein a fixed voltage is supplied to a gate of one of the first transistor and the second transistor. ### Claim 12 (depends on 1) The level shifter according to claim 1, wherein the potential-difference suppression circuit is provided for only the first cascode portion. ### Claim 13 A DC-DC converter comprising: a first n-channel transistor and a second n-channel transistor which are cascode-coupled between a power supply and a ground; a coil whose one terminal is coupled between the first n-channel transistor and the second n-channel transistor; a capacitive element whose one terminal is coupled between the other terminal of the coil and an output terminal and whose other terminal is grounded; a booster circuit configured to generate a first voltage by boosting a power supply voltage; and a level shifter configured to change a potential level of a control signal that controls the first n-channel transistor, wherein the level shifter comprises: a first cascode portion, including a first transistor of a first conductivity type and a second transistor of a second conductivity type which are cascode-coupled to each other, configured to transmit a first input signal; a second cascode portion, including a third transistor of the first conductivity type and a fourth transistor of the second conductivity type which are cascode-coupled to each other, configured to transmit a second input signal which is in a complementary relation with the first input signal; a latch portion configured to output, as a control signal, a first output signal and a second output signal obtained by changing, based on the first voltage, potential levels of the first input signal and the second input signal; and a potential-difference suppression circuit, coupled in parallel to the first cascode portion, configured to control a potential difference between a drain and a source of each of the first transistor and the second transistor, wherein a drain of the first transistor is coupled to a drain of the second transistor at a first node, and the potential-difference suppression circuit includes a first protection element and a second protection element having one terminal coupled to one terminal of the first protection element at a second node which is coupled to the first node. ### Claim 14 (depends on 13) The DC-DC converter according to claim 13, wherein the second output signal output from a node between the first cascode portion and the latch portion has the first voltage at a falling timing of the first input signal input to the first cascode portion. ### Claim 15 (depends on 13) The DC-DC converter according to claim 13, wherein the potential-difference suppression circuit controls a potential difference between a potential of the second output signal and a midpoint potential of the first transistor and the second transistor or a between potential difference between a potential of the first input signal and the midpoint potential. ### Claim 16 (depends on 13) The DC-DC converter according to claim 13, wherein the first protection element and the second protection element are capacitive elements or diodes. ### Claim 17 (depends on 13) The DC-DC converter according to claim 13, wherein the potential-difference suppression circuit includes a first group of serially-coupled diodes and a second group of serially-coupled diodes, the number of the diodes of each of the first group and the second group being set based on a breakdown voltage of the first transistor and the second transistor. ### Claim 18 (depends on 13) The DC-DC converter according to claim 13, wherein the latch portion includes: a fifth transistor of the first conductivity type having a source to which the first voltage is applied and a sixth transistor of the first conductivity type having a source to which the first voltage is applied; a seventh transistor of the second conductivity type having a drain coupled to a drain of the fifth transistor and a gate of the sixth transistor; and an eighth transistor of the second conductivity type having a drain coupled to a drain of the sixth transistor and a gate of the fifth transistor. ### Claim 19 A level shift method comprising: receiving a first input signal, at a first cascode portion including a first transistor of a first conductivity type and a second transistor of a second conductivity type which are cascode-coupled to each other; receiving a second input signal which is in a complementary relation with the first input signal, at a second cascode portion including a third transistor of the first conductivity type and a fourth transistor of the second conductivity type which are cascode-coupled to each other; outputting a first output signal and a second output signal obtained by changing, based on a first voltage obtained by boosting a power supply voltage, potential levels of the first input signal and the second input signal; and controlling a potential difference between a drain and a source of each of the first transistor and the second transistor, by a potential-difference suppression circuit in which one terminal of a first protection element is coupled to a drain of the first transistor, the other terminal of the first protection element is coupled to a source of the first transistor, one terminal of a second protection element is coupled to a drain of the second transistor, the other terminal of the second protection element is coupled to a source of the second transistor, and the one terminal of the first protection element and the one terminal of the second protection element are coupled to each other, so that the potential difference does not exceed the power supply voltage. ### Claim 20 (depends on 19) The level shift method according to claim 19, further comprising, outputting the second output signal at the first voltage at a falling timing of the first input signal inputting to the first cascode portion.