# US 9,438,160 B2 · Motor drive apparatus

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- Number: US 9,438,160 B2
- Document ID: US9438160B2
- Status: Granted
- Kind: B2
- Application number: 14/418,180
- Filed: 2013-07-29
- Published: 2015-10-22
- Granted: 2016-09-06
- Earliest claimed: 2012-07-31
- Assignees: Denso Corporation
- Applicants: Denso Corporation
- Inventors: Kouichi Yamada; Koji Sakai
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US9438160B2

## CPC

- H02P 27/085: {wherein the PWM mode is adapted on the running conditions of the motor, e.g. the switching frequency}
- B60L 15/02: characterised by the form of the current used in the control circuit
- B60L 15/20: for control of the vehicle or its driving motor to achieve a desired performance, e.g. speed, torque, programmed variation of speed
- H02P 5/74: controlling two or more AC dynamo-electric motors (H02P5/46, H02P5/60 take precedence)
- B60L 2270/147: electro magnetic [EMI]
- Y02T 10/64: Electric machine technologies in electromobility
- Y02T 10/72: Electric energy management in electromobility
- H02P: CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- B60L: PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES (arrangements or mounting of electrical propulsion units or of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion in vehicles B60K1/00, B60K6/20; arrangements or mounting of electrical gearing in vehicles B60K17/12, B60K17/14; preventing wheel slip by reducing power in rail vehicles B61C15/08; dynamo-electric machines H02K; control or regulation of electric motors H02P); SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES (electric coupling devices combined with mechanical couplings of vehicles B60D1/64; electric heating for vehicles B60H1/00); ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL (control or regulation of electric motors H02P); MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- Y02T: CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION

## Abstract

A motor drive apparatus includes multiple inverter circuits provided corresponding, respectively, to multiple motors, a controller configured to control the inverter circuits using switching signals, a detector configured to detect a current ripple generated by switching operations of the inverter circuits. The controller operates in a first mode and a second mode. In the first mode, carrier wave frequencies of reference carrier waves used to generate the switching signals for all the motors are set to the same basic frequency. In the second mode, the carrier frequency of the motor having a higher priority is set to the basic frequency, and the carrier frequency of the motor having a lower priority is set to a preset shift frequency. When the current ripple is not less than a predetermined value, a transition occurs from the first mode to the second mode.

## Claims

### Claim 1

A motor drive apparatus comprising:
a plurality of inverter circuits, each inverter circuit having switching devices provided corresponding to the number of phases of each of a plurality of motors supplied with electric power from a shared power source;
a controller configured to control the plurality of inverter circuits by switching each switching device using a switching signal which is generated based on a result of a comparison between a reference carrier wave and a modulation wave which is an instruction to apply a voltage to each phase of the plurality of motors, so that a direct-current voltage of the shared power source is converted to an alternating-current voltage by PWM modulation and outputted to the plurality of motors, and
a physical quantity detector configured to detect current ripple generated by the switching of the plurality of inverter circuits and its related physical quantity, wherein
the plurality of motors have preset priorities,
the controller is capable of changing a setting between a first mode and a second mode,
in the first mode, all carrier frequencies of the reference carrier waves used to generate the switching signals for the plurality of motors are set to a same basic frequency,
in the second mode, the carrier frequency for part of the motors having a higher priority is set to the basic frequency, and the carrier frequency for the remaining motor having a lower priority is set to a shift frequency different from the basic frequency,
the controller changes the setting from the first mode to the second mode when determining that the current ripple is not less than a predetermined value based on a result of detection made by the physical quantity detector; wherein
when changing the setting to the second mode, the controller sequentially assigns the shift frequency to the motor having a lower priority until determining that the current ripple becomes less than the predetermined value based on the result of detection made by the physical quantity detector, and
the controller stops the sequential assignment when determining that the current ripple becomes less than the predetermined value based on the result of detection made by the physical quantity detector.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

The motor drive apparatus according to claim 1, wherein
in the second mode, when the number of the remaining motors is not one, the controller causes the shift frequencies for the remaining motors to be different from each other in such a manner that the shift frequency for the remaining motor having a higher priority is closer to the basic frequency than the shift frequency for the remaining motor having a lower priority.

### Claim 3 (depends on 1)

The motor drive apparatus according to claim 1, wherein
when at least one of the plurality of motors stops operating, the controller excludes the stopped motor from the priorities of the plurality of motors.

### Claim 4 (depends on 1)

The motor drive apparatus according to claim 1, wherein
the controller is capable of changing the setting to a third mode where a frequency different from the basic frequency is set to the carrier frequency of part of the plurality of motors regardless of the result of detection made by the physical quantity detector,
the controller changes the setting from the third mode to the second mode, when determining that the current ripple is not less than the predetermined value based on the result of detection made by the physical quantity detector, and
when changing the setting to the second mode, the controller excludes the motor using the different frequency from the priorities of the plurality of motors.

### Claim 5 (depends on 1)

The motor drive apparatus according to claim 1, wherein
the plurality of motors are mounted on a vehicle, and
each inverter circuit and a corresponding motor are integrally arranged so that the plurality of inverter circuits are distanced from each other.

### Claim 6 (depends on 1)

The motor drive apparatus according to claim 1, wherein
the plurality of motors are mounted on a vehicle,
the controller is one of a plurality of controllers provided corresponding to the plurality of motors, and
each controller and a corresponding motor are integrally arranged so that the plurality of controllers are distanced from each other.

### Claim 7

A motor drive apparatus comprising:
a plurality of inverter circuits, each inverter circuit having switching devices provided corresponding to the number of phases of each of a plurality of motors supplied with electric power from a shared power source;
a controller configured to control the plurality of inverter circuits by switching each switching device using a switching signal which is generated based on a result of a comparison between a reference carrier wave and a modulation wave which is an instruction to apply a voltage to each phase of the plurality of motors, so that a direct-current voltage of the shared power source is converted to an alternating-current voltage by PWM modulation and outputted to the plurality of motors, and
a physical quantity detector configured to detect current ripple generated by the switching of the plurality of inverter circuits and its related physical quantity, wherein
the plurality of motors have preset priorities,
the controller is capable of changing a setting between a first mode and a second mode,
in the first mode, all carrier frequencies of the reference carrier waves used to generate the switching signals for the plurality of motors are set to a same basic frequency,
in the second mode, the carrier frequency for part of the motors having a higher priority is set to the basic frequency, and the carrier frequency for the remaining motor having a lower priority is set to a shift frequency different from the basic frequency, and
the controller changes the setting from the first mode to the second mode when determining that the current ripple is not less than a predetermined value based on a result of detection made by the physical quantity detector; wherein
the controller is capable of changing the setting to a third mode where a frequency different from the basic frequency is set to the carrier frequency of part of the plurality of motors regardless of the result of detection made by the physical quantity detector,
the controller changes the setting from the third mode to the second mode, when determining that the current ripple is not less than the predetermined value based on the result of detection made by the physical quantity detector, and
when changing the setting to the second mode, the controller excludes the motor using the different frequency from the priorities of the plurality of motors.

### Claim 8 (depends on 7)

The motor drive apparatus according to claim 7, wherein
in the second mode, when the number of the remaining motors is not one, the controller causes the shift frequencies for the remaining motors to be different from each other in such a manner that the shift frequency for the remaining motor having a higher priority is closer to the basic frequency than the shift frequency for the remaining motor having a lower priority.

### Claim 9 (depends on 7)

The motor drive apparatus according to claim 7, wherein
when at least one of the plurality of motors stops operating, the controller excludes the stopped motor from the priorities of the plurality of motors.

### Claim 10 (depends on 7)

The motor drive apparatus according to claim 7, wherein
the plurality of motors are mounted on a vehicle, and
each inverter circuit and a corresponding motor are integrally arranged so that the plurality of inverter circuits are distanced from each other.

### Claim 11 (depends on 7)

The motor drive apparatus according to claim 7, wherein
the plurality of motors are mounted on a vehicle,
the controller is one of a plurality of controllers provided corresponding to the plurality of motors, and
each controller and a corresponding motor are integrally arranged so that the plurality of controllers are distanced from each other.