# US 9,438,115 B2 · Power supply system > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 9,438,115 B2 - Document ID: US9438115B2 - Status: Granted - Kind: B2 - Application number: 14/128,797 - Filed: 2012-06-05 - Published: 2014-05-29 - Granted: 2016-09-06 - Earliest claimed: 2011-06-29 - Assignees: Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha - Applicants: Masanori Ishigaki; Shuji Tomura; Naoki Yanagizawa; Takaji Umeno; Masaki Okamura; Daigo Nobe - Inventors: Masanori Ishigaki; Shuji Tomura; Naoki Yanagizawa; Takaji Umeno; Masaki Okamura; Daigo Nobe - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US9438115B2 ## CPC - H02M 3/158: including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load - B60L 15/007: {Physical arrangements or structures of drive train converters specially adapted for the propulsion motors of electric vehicles} - B60L 15/2045: {for optimising the use of energy} - B60L 50/51: characterised by AC-motors - H02J 1/06: Two-wire DC power distribution systems - H02M 3/1588: {comprising at least one synchronous rectifier element (H02M3/1582, H02M3/1584 take precedence)} - B60L 2210/10: DC to DC converters - H02J 2105/37: exchanging power with electric vehicles [EV] or with hybrid electric vehicles [HEV] - Y02T 10/64: Electric machine technologies in electromobility - Y02T 10/70: Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries - Y02T 10/72: Electric energy management in electromobility - Y02T 10/92: Energy efficient charging or discharging systems for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors specially adapted for vehicles - H02M: APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF (transformers H01F; dynamo-electric converters H02K47/00; controlling transformers, reactors or choke coils, control or regulation of electric motors, generators or dynamo-electric converters H02P) - B60L: PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES (arrangements or mounting of electrical propulsion units or of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion in vehicles B60K1/00, B60K6/20; arrangements or mounting of electrical gearing in vehicles B60K17/12, B60K17/14; preventing wheel slip by reducing power in rail vehicles B61C15/08; dynamo-electric machines H02K; control or regulation of electric motors H02P); SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES (electric coupling devices combined with mechanical couplings of vehicles B60D1/64; electric heating for vehicles B60H1/00); ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL (control or regulation of electric motors H02P); MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES - H02J: ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY - Y02T: CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION ## Abstract A power source system (5) includes a direct current power source (10), a direct current power source (20), and a power converter (50) having a plurality of switching elements (S1-S4) and reactors (L1, L2). The power converter (50) performs a direct current voltage conversion between the direct current power sources (10, 20) and a power source line (PL) in parallel by controlling the switching elements (S1-S4). Each of the switching elements (S1-S4) is disposed to be included in both a power conversion path formed between the direct current power source (10) and the power source line (PL), and a power conversion path formed between the direct current power source (20) and the power source line (PL). A phase difference (φ) between a carrier signal used for a pulse width modulation control to perform the direct current voltage conversion for the direct current power source (10), and a carrier signal used for a pulse width modulation control to perform the direct current voltage conversion for the direct current power source (20) is controlled according to the operation condition of the power converter (50). ## Claims ### Claim 1 A power source system comprising; a first direct current power source, a second direct current power source, a power converter comprising a boost chopper circuit, wherein the boost chopper circuit is configured to provide a bi-directional current boost and step-down, wherein the boost chopper circuit includes a plurality of switching elements for performing direct current power conversion between a power source line electrically connected to a load, and the first and the second direct current power sources, and a control device configured to control on-off of the plurality of switching elements in accordance with a pulse width modulation control for controlling an output voltage on the power source line, wherein the plurality of switching elements are disposed to be included in both a first power conversion path formed between the first direct current power source and the power source line, and a second power conversion path formed between the second direct current power source and the power source line, wherein the power converter has a first operation mode for performing the direct current power conversion between the first and second direct current power sources and the power source line in parallel, wherein the control device is configured to vary a phase difference between a first carrier signal used for a first pulse width modulation control to control a first power conversion via the first power conversion path, and a second carrier signal used for a second pulse width modulation control to control a second power conversion via the second power conversion path in the first operation mode, according to an operation condition of the power converter, and wherein the control device is configured to generate control signals of on-off of the plurality of switching elements on the basis of a first control pulse signal obtained by the first pulse width modulation control and a second control pulse signal obtained by the second pulse width modulation control. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The power source system according to claim 1, wherein the control device is configured to variably set the phase difference between the first carrier signal and the second carrier signal on the basis of duty ratios of the first control pulse signal and the second control pulse signal. ### Claim 3 (depends on 2) The power source system according to claim 2, wherein the control device is configured to variably set the phase difference between the first carrier signal and the second carrier signal, on the basis of a combination of the first direct current power source in either one of a powering condition and a regenerative condition and the second direct current power source in either one of a powering condition and a regenerative condition, and duty ratios of the first control pulse signal and the second control pulse signal. ### Claim 4 (depends on 1) The power source system according to claim 1, wherein the control device is configured to vary the phase difference between the first carrier signal and the second carrier signal to superimpose one of a rising edge and a falling edge of the first control pulse signal on the other of a rising edge and a falling edge of the second control pulse signal. ### Claim 5 (depends on 1) The power source system according to claim 1, wherein the control device is configured to control one of the first and second direct current power conversions to control a voltage ratio of a voltage in either one of the first and second direct current power sources to the output voltage in the first operation mode, and wherein the control device is configured to control the other of the first and second direct current power conversions to control an electric current in the other of the first and second direct current power sources. ### Claim 6 (depends on 1) The power source system according to claim 1, wherein the first control pulse signal is generated on the basis of a comparison of the first carrier signal with a first control amount which is calculated on the basis of either one of a voltage and an electric current of the first direct current power source, and wherein the second control pulse signal is generated on the basis of comparison of the second carrier signal with a second control amount which is calculated on the basis of the other of a voltage and an electric current of the second direct current power source. ### Claim 7 (depends on 1) The power source system according to claim 1, wherein the power converter further includes a second operation mode for performing direct current power conversion while the first and second direct current power sources are electrically connected to the power source line in series, wherein the control device is configured to variably set the phase difference between the first carrier signal and the second carrier signal to superimpose one of a rising edge and a falling edge of the first control pulse signal on the other of a rising edge and a falling edge of the second control pulse signal in the second operation mode, and wherein the control device is configured to generate the control signals of the plurality of switching elements on the basis of a logical calculation of the first control pulse signal and the second control pulse signal. ### Claim 8 (depends on 7) The power source system according to claim 7, wherein the control device is configured to generate the control signal of a portion of the plurality of switching elements from the first control pulse and the second control pulse signal in accordance with a common logical calculation between the first operation mode and the second operation mode in each of the corresponding switching elements, and wherein the control device is configured to generate the control signal of a remaining switching element from the first control pulse signal and the second control pulse signal in accordance with a logical calculation different between the first operation mode and the second operation mode in the corresponding switching element among the plurality of switching elements. ### Claim 9 (depends on 1) The power source system according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of switching elements includes a first switching element electrically connected between the power source line and a first node, a second switching element electrically connected between a second node and the first node, a third switching element electrically connected between the second node and a third node electrically connected to a negative electrode terminal of the second direct current power source, and a fourth switching element electrically connected between a negative electrode terminal of the first direct current power source and the third node, and wherein the power converter further includes a first reactor electrically connected between a positive electrode terminal of the first direct current power source and the second node, and a second reactor electrically connected between a positive electrode terminal of the second direct current power source and the first node. ### Claim 10 A power source system comprising; a first direct current power source, a second direct current power source, a power converter comprising a boost chopper circuit, wherein the boost chopper circuit is configured to provide a bi-directional current boost and step-down, wherein the boost chopper circuit includes a plurality of switching elements for performing direct current power conversion between a power source line electrically connected to a load, and the first and the second direct current power sources, and a control device configured to control on-off of the plurality of switching elements, wherein the plurality of switching elements are disposed to be included in both of a first power conversion path formed between the first direct current power source and the power source line, and a second power conversion path formed between the second direct current power source and the power source line, wherein the power converter has a first operation mode for performing the direct current power conversion between the first and second direct current power sources and the power source line in parallel, wherein the control device is configured to generate control signals of on-off control signals of the plurality of switching elements to control outputs of the first and second direct current power sources by varying an on-off period of the plurality of switching elements in the first operation mode, and wherein the control signals are adjusted to achieve a phase of current so as to superimpose a rising timing or a falling timing of an electric current of the first direct current power source on a rising timing or a falling timing of an electric current of the second direct current power source. ### Claim 11 (depends on 10) The power source system according to claim 10, wherein the plurality of switching elements includes a first switching element electrically connected between the power source line and a first node, a second switching element electrically connected between a second node and the first node, a third switching element electrically connected between a third node electrically connected to a negative electrode terminal of the second direct current power source and the second node, and a fourth switching element electrically connected between a negative electrode terminal of the first direct current power source and the third node, and wherein the power converter further includes a first reactor electrically connected between a positive electrode terminal of the first direct current power source and the second node, and a second reactor electrically connected between a positive electrode terminal of the second direct current power source and the first node. ### Claim 12 (depends on 11) The power source system according to claim 11, wherein the control signals are adjusted to achieve a phase of current so as to superimpose a falling timing of an electric current of the first direct current power source on a rising timing of an electric current of the second direct current power source, when both of the first and second direct current power sources are in powering conditions. ### Claim 13 (depends on 11) The power source system according to claim 11, wherein the control signals are adjusted to achieve a phase of current so as to superimpose a rising timing of an electric current of the first direct current power source on a falling timing of an electric current of the second direct current power source, when both of the first and second direct current power sources are in regenerative conditions. ### Claim 14 (depends on 11) The power source system according to claim 11, wherein the control signals are adjusted to achieve a phase of current so as to superimpose a falling timing of an electric current of the first direct current power source on a falling timing of an electric current of the second direct current power source, when the first direct current power source is in regenerative condition while the second direct current power source is in powering condition. ### Claim 15 (depends on 11) The power source system according to claim 11, wherein the control signals are adjusted to achieve a phase of current so as to superimpose a rising timing of an electric current of the first direct current power source on a rising timing of an electric current of the second direct current power source, when the first direct current power source is in a powering condition while the second direct current power source is in a regenerative condition. ### Claim 16 (depends on 11) The power source system according to claim 11, wherein the power converter further includes a second operation mode for performing a direct current power conversion while the first and second direct current power sources are electrically connected to the power source line in series, wherein the control device is configured to adjust the control signal to achieve a phase of current so as to superimpose a rising timing of an electric current of the first direct current power source on a falling timing of an electric current of the second direct current power source, when both of the first and second direct current power sources are in powering conditions in the second operation mode. ### Claim 17 (depends on 16) The power source system according to claim 16, wherein the control device is configured to adjust the control signal to achieve a phase of current so as to superimpose a falling timing of an electric current of the first direct current power source on a rising timing of an electric current of the second direct current power source, when both of the first and second direct current power sources are in regenerative conditions in the second operation mode. ### Claim 18 (depends on 10) The power source system according to claim 10, wherein the control device is configured to adjust the phase of current by varying the phase difference between the first carrier signal used for a first pulse width modulation control to control an output of the first direct current power source and the second carrier signal used for a second pulse width modulation control to control an output of the second direct current power source.