# US 9,438,056 B2 · Battery pack, battery apparatus including the same, and cell balancing method thereof

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- Number: US 9,438,056 B2
- Document ID: US9438056B2
- Status: Granted
- Kind: B2
- Application number: 13/748,213
- Filed: 2013-01-23
- Published: 2014-02-27
- Granted: 2016-09-06
- Earliest claimed: 2012-08-24
- Assignees: Snu R&Db Foundation
- Applicants: Snu R&Db Foundation
- Inventors: Jung Woo Lee
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US9438056B2

## CPC

- B60L 58/14: Preventing excessive discharging
- B60L 58/15: Preventing overcharging
- B60L 58/22: Balancing the charge of battery modules
- H02J 7/342: {The other DC source being a battery actively interacting with the first one, i.e. battery to battery charging (with circuits for polarity protection H02J7/68)}
- H02J 7/52: for charge balancing, e.g. equalisation of charge between batteries
- H02J 7/70: characterised by the mechanical construction
- B60L 2240/547: Voltage
- H02J 7/54: Passive balancing, e.g. using resistors or parallel MOSFETs
- Y02E 60/10: Energy storage using batteries
- Y02T 10/70: Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
- B60L: PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES (arrangements or mounting of electrical propulsion units or of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion in vehicles B60K1/00, B60K6/20; arrangements or mounting of electrical gearing in vehicles B60K17/12, B60K17/14; preventing wheel slip by reducing power in rail vehicles B61C15/08; dynamo-electric machines H02K; control or regulation of electric motors H02P); SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES (electric coupling devices combined with mechanical couplings of vehicles B60D1/64; electric heating for vehicles B60H1/00); ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL (control or regulation of electric motors H02P); MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- H02J: ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- Y02E: REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02T: CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION

## Abstract

A battery pack includes: a cell module including a plurality of battery cells; an antenna connected to each of the battery cells; and a waveguide installed at one side of the cell module and having the antenna housed therein.

## Claims

### Claim 1

A battery pack comprising:
a cell module comprising a plurality of battery cells;
an antenna connected to each of the battery cells; and
a waveguide installed at one side of the cell module and having the antenna housed therein,
wherein the antenna is configured to transmit and receive electromagnetic waves within the waveguide,
wherein the waveguide has a height corresponding to ½ of the wavelength of the electromagnetic waves transmitted to or received from the antenna.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

The battery pack according to claim 1, wherein the antenna is configured to transmit or receive electromagnetic waves according to control of a battery management system (BMS).

### Claim 3

A battery apparatus comprising:
a cell module comprising a plurality of battery cells each having an antenna provided therein;
a waveguide installed at one side of the cell module and having the antenna housed therein; and
a BMS configured to select a transmitting cell and one or more receiving cells based on states of charge (SOC) of the respective cells, and form an electromagnetic wave transmission/reception path between an antenna connected to the transmitting cell and antennas connected to the one or more receiving cells,
wherein the antenna is configured to transmit and receive electromagnetic waves within the waveguide,
wherein the wavequide has a height corresponding to ½ of the wavelength of the electromagnetic waves transmitted to or received from the antenna.

### Claim 4 (depends on 3)

The battery apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the BMS comprises:
a cell management unit configured to manage IDs of the respective cells;
a voltage sensor configured to measure the SOC of each of the battery cells;
a cell selection unit configured to select a transmitting cell and one or more receiving cells based on the measurement result of the voltage sensor, when cell balancing is required; and
a path control unit connected between each battery cell and the antenna, and configured to form an electromagnetic wave path such that the antenna connected to the transmitting cell and the antennas connected to the one or more receiving cells perform wireless power transmission therebetween.

### Claim 5 (depends on 4)

The battery apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the cell selection unit selects a cell having the highest SOC as the transmitting cell.

### Claim 6 (depends on 4)

The battery apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the cell selection unit selects the receiving cells by a designed number of receiving cells from a cell having the lowest SOC.

### Claim 7 (depends on 4)

The battery apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the path control unit comprises:
a first switch connected to a first electrode of the battery cell;
an RF receiver connected to the first switch;
a third switch connected to a transmitting terminal of the RF transmitter and turned on or off in connection with the first switch;
a second switch connected to the first electrode of the battery cell in parallel to the first switch;
an RF receiver connected to the second switch; and
a fourth switch connected to a receiving terminal of the RF receiver and turned on or off in connection with the second switch, and
one ends of the third and fourth switches are commonly connected to the antenna.

### Claim 8

A cell balancing method of a battery apparatus which includes a cell module including a plurality of battery cells each having an antenna provided therein, a waveguide installed at one side of the cell module and having the antenna housed therein, and a BMS connected between the battery cell and the antenna, the cell balancing method comprising the steps of:
measuring, by the BMS, SOC of the respective cells included in the cell module;
determining, by the BMS, a transmitting cell and one or more receiving cells based on the SOC measurement results;
forming, by the BMS, an electromagnetic wave path such that an antenna connected to the transmitting cell and antennas connected to the one or more receiving cells perform wireless power transmission, and
transmitting and receiving wireless power between the antenna connected to the transmitting cell and antennas connected to the one or more receiving cells within the waveguide,
wherein the wavequide has a height corresponding to ½ of the wavelength of the electromagnetic waves transmitted to or received from the antenna.

### Claim 9 (depends on 8)

The cell balancing method according to claim 8, wherein the step of determining the transmitting cell and the one or more receiving cells comprises the step of selecting a cell having the highest SOC.

### Claim 10 (depends on 8)

The cell balancing method according to claim 8, wherein the step of determining the transmitting cell and the one or more receiving cells comprises the step of selecting the battery cells by a designed number of cells from a cell having the lowest SOC.