# US 9,438,025 B1 · Radiation hardened chip level integrated recovery apparatus, methods, and integrated circuits > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 9,438,025 B1 - Document ID: US9438025B1 - Status: Granted - Kind: B1 - Application number: 13/793,065 - Filed: 2013-03-11 - Granted: 2016-09-06 - Earliest claimed: 2013-03-11 - Assignees: Defense Electronics Corporation - Applicants: Defense Electronics Corporation - Inventors: Stephan P. Athan - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US9438025B1 ## CPC - G01R 31/52: Testing for short-circuits, leakage current or ground faults - H02H 3/087: for DC applications - H02H 5/005: {responsive to ionising radiation; Nuclear-radiation circumvention circuits (radiation detectors G01T; nuclear-explosion detection G21J5/00)} - H02H 9/001: {limiting speed of change of electric quantities, e.g. soft switching on or off (progressive control of electronic switches for eliminating interferences H03K17/16)} - G01R: MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES (indicating correct tuning of resonant circuits H03J3/12) - H02H: EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS (indicating or signalling undesired working conditions G01R, e.g. G01R31/00, G08B; locating faults along lines G01R31/08; emergency protective devices H01H) ## Abstract Methods, apparatus, and integrated circuits that provide radiation hardening through chip level integrated recovery are provided. The apparatus may include first and second circuits within a partition of an integrated circuit and a state machine configured to monitor current leakage of the first circuit while the first circuit is powered on and to power on the second circuit and power off the first circuit when the monitored first circuit current leakage exceeds a first current leakage threshold. The method may include powering a first circuit of a partition within an integrated circuit, monitoring current leakage of the first circuit while the first circuit is powered on and the second circuit is powered off, and powering off the first circuit and powering on the second circuit when the monitored first circuit current leakage exceeds a first current leakage threshold. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A chip level integrated recovery apparatus comprising: a first circuit within a partition of an integrated circuit; a second circuit within the partition of the integrated circuit; and a partition state machine coupled to the first circuit and the second circuit and configured to monitor current leakage (IDDQ) of the first circuit while the first circuit is powered on and to power on the second circuit and power off the first circuit when the monitored first circuit current leakage exceeds a first current leakage threshold; the partition state machine comprising; a first transimpedance amplifier coupled to the first circuit to translate the first circuit current leakage when the first circuit is powered on to generate a first voltage; a second transimpedance amplifier coupled to the second circuit to translate current leakage of the second circuit when the second circuit is powered on to generate a second voltage; and a comparator coupled to the first and second transimpedance amplifiers, the comparator configured to compare the first voltage to a first reference voltage based on the first current leakage threshold when the first circuit is powered on and to compare the second voltage to a second reference voltage based on a second current leakage threshold when the second circuit is powered on. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the first and second circuits are at least substantially identical. ### Claim 3 (depends on 1) The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising: a state machine coupled to the first and second transimpedance amplifiers and the comparator, the state machine setting the first and second threshold voltages for the comparator and controlling the first and second transimpedance amplifiers. ### Claim 4 (depends on 3) The apparatus of claim 3, wherein the state machine is coupled outside the partition to receive a global timing signal. ### Claim 5 (depends on 3) The apparatus of claim 3, wherein the partition state machine further comprises: a multiplexer having an output extending outside the partition to provide an output signal, a first input coupled to an output of the first circuit, a second input coupled to an output of the second circuit, and a control coupled to the state machine. ### Claim 6 (depends on 5) The apparatus of claim 5, wherein the partition state machine further comprises: a demultiplexer having an input extending outside the partition to receive an input signal, a first output coupled to the input of the first circuit, a second output coupled to the input of the second circuit, and a control coupled to the state machine. ### Claim 7 (depends on 1) The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the partition state machine is further configured to monitor current leakage of the second circuit while the second circuit is powered on and to power on the first circuit and power off the second circuit when the monitored second circuit current leakage exceeds a second current leakage threshold. ### Claim 8 (depends on 1) The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising: a third circuit at least substantially the same as the first and second circuits; wherein the partition state machine is further configured to monitor current leakage of the second circuit while the second circuit is powered on and to power on the third circuit and power off the second circuit when the monitored second circuit current leakage exceeds a second current leakage threshold. ### Claim 9 (depends on 1) The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the integrated circuit has a global ground, the first circuit has a first circuit ground, and the second circuit has a second circuit ground and wherein the global ground, the first circuit ground, and the second circuit ground are isolated from one another. ### Claim 10 (depends on 9) An integrated circuit device comprising: the apparatus of claim 9. ### Claim 11 A radiation hardened chip level integrated recovery method comprising: powering a first circuit of a partition within an integrated circuit, the partition including the first circuit and a second circuit that is equivalent to the first circuit; monitoring current leakage (IDDQ) of the first circuit while the first circuit is powered on and the second circuit is powered off; storing a first value representing a voltage based on an initial quiescent current of the first circuit; generating a reference voltage from the stored first value; converting the monitored current leakage to an equivalent voltage; and powering off the first circuit and powering on the second circuit when the equivalent voltage for the monitored current leakage exceeds the first reference voltage. ### Claim 12 (depends on 11) The method of claim 11, wherein the first current leakage threshold is based on the quiescent current of the first circuit when the first circuit was powered on. ### Claim 13 (depends on 11) The method of claim 11, wherein the first and second circuits are at least substantially identical. ### Claim 14 (depends on 11) The method of claim 11, further comprising: monitoring current leakage of the second circuit while the second circuit is powered on and the first circuit is powered off; and powering off the second circuit and powering on the first circuit when the monitored second circuit current leakage exceeds a second current leakage threshold. ### Claim 15 (depends on 14) The method of claim 14, wherein: the first current leakage threshold is based on the quiescent current of the first circuit when the first circuit was powered on; and the second circuit current leakage threshold is based on the quiescent current of the second circuit when the second circuit was powered on. ### Claim 16 (depends on 14) The method of claim 14, further comprising: repeating the powering off the first circuit and the powering on the second circuit when the monitored first circuit current leakage exceeds the first current leakage threshold; and repeating the powering off the second circuit and the powering on the first circuit when the monitored second circuit current leakage exceeds the second current leakage threshold. ### Claim 17 (depends on 11) The method of claim 11, wherein the monitoring comprises: sampling the first circuit current leakage in response to a timing signal initiated from global chip logic for the integrated circuit. ### Claim 18 (depends on 11) The method of claim 11, wherein the first and second circuits are tri-state circuits and wherein the first and second circuits each have a high impedance output when powered off. ### Claim 19 (depends on 11) The method of claim 11, further comprising: switching an input signal received at an input of a demultiplexer from the first circuit to the second circuit when the first circuit is powered off and the second circuit is powered on; and switching an output of a multiplexer from the first circuit to the second circuit when the first circuit is powered off and the second circuit is powered on.