# US 9,437,041 B2 · 3D laser ablation tomography

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- Number: US 9,437,041 B2
- Document ID: US9437041B2
- Status: Granted
- Kind: B2
- Application number: 14/067,502
- Filed: 2013-10-30
- Published: 2014-09-04
- Granted: 2016-09-06
- Earliest claimed: 2012-10-30
- Assignees: The Penn State Research Foundation
- Applicants: The Penn State Research Foundation
- Inventors: Benjamin Hall; Jonathan Lynch; Edward W. Reutzel; Galen Lynch
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US9437041B2

## CPC

- G01N 1/06: providing a thin slice, e.g. microtome
- G01N 21/27: using photo-electric detection (G01N21/31 takes precedence){; circuits for computing concentration (logarithmic circuits G06G7/24; photometric circuits in general G01J)}
- G06T 17/00: Three-dimensional [3D] modelling for computer graphics
- G01N 2001/045: {Laser ablation; Microwave vaporisation}
- G01N 2001/2886: {Laser cutting, e.g. tissue catapult}
- G06T 2200/08: involving all processing steps from image acquisition to 3D model generation
- G01N: INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES (measuring or testing apparatus or processes other than immunoassay, involving enzymes or microorganisms C12M, C12Q)
- G06T: IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL

## Abstract

A laser ablation tomography system includes a specimen stage for supporting a specimen. A specimen axis is defined such that a specimen disposed generally on the axis may be imaged. A laser system is operable to produce a laser sheet in a plane intersecting the specimen axis and generally perpendicular thereto. An imaging system is operable to image the area where the laser sheet intersects the specimen axis.

## Claims

### Claim 1

A laser ablation tomography system, comprising:
a specimen stage for supporting a specimen having a specimen axis defined from a fore end of the specimen to an aft end of the specimen;
a laser system operable to produce a laser sheet in an imaging plane, wherein the imaging plane intersects the specimen axis and is generally perpendicular thereto, the laser sheet operable to ablate a cross-sectional slice of the specimen at the imaging plane, thereby exposing a cross-sectional surface of the specimen at the imaging plane; and
an imaging system having a viewing path, the viewing path defined from the imaging plane to the imaging system, the imaging system operable to image the cross-sectional surface of the specimen being ablated during, before and/or after the laser sheet ablates a cross-sectional slice of the specimen.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

A laser ablation tomography system in accordance with claim 1, wherein the laser system comprises a laser operable to produce a laser beam and a beam director operable to scan the laser beam so as to create the laser sheet.

### Claim 3 (depends on 2)

A laser ablation tomography system in accordance with claim 2, wherein the laser system further comprises beam shaping optics disposed such that the beam from the laser passes therethrough.

### Claim 4 (depends on 1)

A laser ablation tomography system in accordance with claim 1, further comprising:
a movement system operable to move the specimen stage along the specimen axis.

### Claim 5 (depends on 4)

A laser ablation tomography system in accordance with claim 4, further comprising:
a control system operable to control the imaging system and the movement system.

### Claim 6 (depends on 1)

A laser ablation tomography system in accordance with claim 1, wherein the imaging system comprises a camera with a Charged Coupled Device (CCD).

### Claim 7 (depends on 1)

A laser ablation tomography system in accordance with claim 1, wherein the laser system includes a laser, the laser being a short pulsed laser having pulses with a duration less than 10−6 seconds.

### Claim 8 (depends on 1)

A laser ablation tomography system in accordance with claim 1, wherein:
the specimen stage has a front and an opposing back, the fore end of the specimen being disposed toward the front of the specimen stage and the aft end of the specimen being disposed toward the back of the specimen stage such that the specimen axis extends from the front to the back of the stage; and
the imaging system faces the front of the specimen stage.

### Claim 9 (depends on 1)

A method for laser ablation tomography, comprising the steps of:
providing the laser ablation tomography system of claim 1;
positioning a portion of a specimen where the laser sheet intersects the specimen axis;
slicing through the specimen at an imaging plane perpendicular to the specimen axis by ablating the specimen with the laser sheet thereby exposing a cross section surface of the specimen; and
imaging the cross-sectional surface of the specimen during, before and/or after the specimen is sliced.

### Claim 10 (depends on 9)

A method of claim 9 further comprising repeating the slicing and imaging steps in increments.

### Claim 11

A laser ablation tomography system, comprising:
a specimen support for supporting a specimen in a specimen area, the specimen area having a specimen axis defined therethrough, the specimen axis extending from a front to a rear of the specimen area, the specimen having a fore end and an opposing aft end, wherein the fore end of the specimen is disposed toward the front of the specimen area and the aft end of the specimen is disposed toward the rear of the specimen area along the specimen axis;
a laser system operable to produce a laser sheet in an ablation plane, wherein the ablation plane intersects the specimen axis and is generally perpendicular thereto, the laser sheet operable to ablate a cross-sectional slice of the specimen at the ablation plane, thereby exposing a cross-sectional surface of the specimen at the ablation plane; and
an imaging system facing the front of the specimen area, the imaging system having a viewing path, the viewing path defined from the imaging system towards the fore end of the specimen along the specimen axis, the viewing path being generally perpendicular to the ablation plane, the imaging system operable to image the cross-sectional surface of the specimen being sliced ablated from the fore end towards the aft end during, before and/or after the laser sheet ablates a cross-sectional slice of the specimen.

### Claim 12 (depends on 11)

A laser ablation tomography system in accordance with claim 11, wherein the laser system comprises a laser operable to produce a laser beam and a beam director operable to scan the laser beam so as to create the laser sheet.

### Claim 13 (depends on 12)

A laser ablation tomography system in accordance with claim 12, wherein the laser system further comprises beam shaping optics disposed such that the beam from the laser passes therethrough.

### Claim 14 (depends on 11)

A laser ablation tomography system in accordance with claim 11, further comprising:
a movement system operable to move the specimen support along the specimen axis.

### Claim 15 (depends on 14)

A laser ablation tomography system in accordance with claim 14, further comprising:
a control system operable to control the imaging system and the movement system.

### Claim 16 (depends on 11)

A laser ablation tomography system in accordance with claim 11, wherein the imaging system comprises a camera with a Charged Coupled Device (CCD).

### Claim 17 (depends on 11)

A laser ablation tomography system in accordance with claim 11, wherein the laser system includes a laser, the laser being a short pulsed laser having pulses with a duration less than 10−6 seconds.