# US 9,436,039 B2 · Liquid crystal display and method for manufacturing the same > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 9,436,039 B2 - Document ID: US9436039B2 - Status: Granted - Kind: B2 - Application number: 14/315,974 - Filed: 2014-06-26 - Published: 2015-03-05 - Granted: 2016-09-06 - Earliest claimed: 2013-09-02 - Assignees: Samsung Display Co., Ltd. - Applicants: Samsung Display Co., Ltd. - Inventors: Taek Joon Lee; Hyun Ku Ahn; Jae Jin Lyu - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US9436039B2 ## CPC - G02F 1/133711: {by organic films, e.g. polymeric films} - G02F 1/1337: Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers - C09K 2323/00: Functional layers of liquid crystal optical display excluding electroactive liquid crystal layer characterised by chemical composition - C09K 2323/02: Alignment layer characterised by chemical composition - C09K 2323/021: Inorganic, e.g. glass or silicon oxide - C09K 2323/023: Organic silicon compound, e.g. organosilicon - G02F 1/133707: {Structures for producing distorted electric fields, e.g. bumps, protrusions, recesses, slits in pixel electrodes} - G02F 1/133726: {made of a mesogenic material} - G02F 1/134345: {Subdivided pixels, e.g. for grey scale or redundancy} - G02F: OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS - C09K: MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE ## Abstract A liquid crystal display may include: a first substrate, a second substrate facing the first substrate, a field generating electrode disposed on at least one of the first substrate and the second substrate, an alignment layer disposed on the field generating electrode, and a liquid crystal layer disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate. The alignment layer may include a lower layer including an organic material and an upper layer disposed on the lower layer and including an inorganic material. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A liquid crystal display comprising: a first substrate; a second substrate facing the first substrate; a field generating electrode on at least one of the first substrate and the second substrate; an alignment layer on the field generating electrode; and a liquid crystal layer between the first substrate and the second substrate, wherein the alignment layer includes: a lower layer including an organic material and on the field generating electrode, an upper layer on the lower layer and including a polysiloxane-containing material, the upper layer including a plurality of island shape portions on the lower layer. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The liquid crystal display as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the upper layer and the lower layer are layer-separated. ### Claim 3 (depends on 1) The liquid crystal display as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the lower layer is in contact with the field generating electrode. ### Claim 4 (depends on 1) The liquid crystal display as claimed in claim 1, wherein: each of the island shape portions includes a main chain and a side chain connected to the main chain, the main chain includes polysiloxane, and the side chain includes a photo-reactive group. ### Claim 5 (depends on 4) The liquid crystal display as claimed in claim 4, wherein: the side chain of each of island shape portions includes at least one of a compound represented by the following Chemical Formula 1 and a compound represented by the following Chemical Formula 2: wherein in Chemical Formula 1 and Chemical Formula 2 RM is Sp is a carbon chain structure represented by —(CH2)n—, in which n is 2 to 10, M is any one of benzene, cyclohexane, and X is ### Claim 6 (depends on 5) The liquid crystal display as claimed in claim 5, wherein: the lower layer includes the main chain and the side chain connected to the main chain, the main chain includes polyimide, and the side chain includes a vertical alignment group. ### Claim 7 (depends on 6) The liquid crystal display as claimed in claim 6, wherein: the side chain of the lower layer includes at least one of a compound represented by the following Chemical Formula 3 and a compound represented by the following Chemical Formula 4: wherein in Chemical Formula 3 and Chemical Formula 4, A is an alkyl group having 3 to 30 carbon atoms, M is any one of benzene, cyclohexane, and X is ### Claim 8 (depends on 7) The liquid crystal display as claimed in claim 7, further comprising: a column spacer between the first substrate and the second substrate, wherein the alignment layer covers the column spacer in a uniform thickness. ### Claim 9 (depends on 8) The liquid crystal display as claimed in claim 8, wherein: the alignment layer includes a portion disposed between the column spacer and any one of the first substrate and the second substrate. ### Claim 10 (depends on 1) The liquid crystal display as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the liquid crystal layer includes a liquid crystal material and an alignment polymer. ### Claim 11 A method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display, comprising: forming a field generating electrode on at least one of a first substrate and a second substrate facing the first substrate; forming an alignment layer on the field generating electrode; forming a liquid crystal layer between the first substrate and the second substrate; and irradiating light on the alignment layer, wherein the alignment layer includes a lower layer including an organic material and an upper layer on the lower layer and including a polysiloxane-containing material, the upper layer being formed of a plurality of island shape portions on the lower layer. ### Claim 12 (depends on 11) The method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display as claimed in claim 11, wherein: the forming of the alignment layer includes: adding an inorganic material of a monomolecule to a solution including the organic material of a polymer to form an organic and inorganic mixture material, applying the organic and inorganic mixture material on the field generating electrode, heat-treating the organic and inorganic mixture material, and layer-separating the organic material and the inorganic material to form the upper layer and the lower layer. ### Claim 13 (depends on 12) The method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display as claimed in claim 12, wherein: the lower layer is in contact with the field generating electrode. ### Claim 14 (depends on 13) The method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display as claimed in claim 13, wherein: the inorganic material of the monomolecule includes siloxane and a photo-reactive group. ### Claim 15 (depends on 14) The method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display as claimed in claim 14, wherein: the inorganic material of the monomolecule includes at least one of a compound represented by the following Chemical Formula 5 and a compound represented by the following Chemical Formula 6: wherein in Chemical Formula 5 and Chemical Formula 6, RM is Sp is a carbon chain structure represented by —(CH2)n—, in which n is 2 to 10, M is any one of benzene, cyclohexane, and X is ### Claim 16 (depends on 15) The method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display as claimed in claim 15, wherein: the organic material of the polymer includes polyimide to which a vertical alignment group is connected as a side chain. ### Claim 17 (depends on 16) The method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display as claimed in claim 16, wherein: the vertical alignment group includes at least one of a compound represented by the following Chemical Formula 3 and a compound represented by the following Chemical Formula 4: wherein in Chemical Formula 3 and Chemical Formula 4, A is an alkyl group having 3 to 30 carbon atoms, M is any one of benzene, cyclohexane, and X is ### Claim 18 (depends on 17) The method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display as claimed in claim 17, further comprising: applying an electric field to the liquid crystal layer before irradiating the light on the alignment layer. ### Claim 19 (depends on 11) The method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display as claimed in claim 11, further comprising: forming a column spacer on the first substrate or the second substrate before the forming of the alignment layer, wherein the alignment layer covers the column spacer in a uniform thickness. ### Claim 20 (depends on 19) The method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display as claimed in claim 19, wherein: the forming of the liquid crystal layer includes: injecting a liquid crystal material and an alignment aid agent between the first substrate and the second substrate, and irradiating light on the liquid crystal layer to form an alignment polymer.