# US 9,435,751 B2 · Remote detection and identification of nuclear materials using multiple ion-chambers > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 9,435,751 B2 - Document ID: US9435751B2 - Status: Granted - Kind: B2 - Application number: 14/720,565 - Filed: 2015-05-22 - Published: 2015-11-26 - Granted: 2016-09-06 - Earliest claimed: 2014-05-22 - Assignees: The United States of America as represented by the Secretary of the Navy - Applicants: Dong Ho Wu; Benjamin Graber - Inventors: Dong Ho Wu; Benjamin Graber - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US9435751B2 ## CPC - G01N 23/00: Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00 - G01N 30/00: Investigating or analysing materials by separation into components using adsorption, absorption or similar phenomena or using ion-exchange, e.g. chromatography {or field flow fractionation} (G01N3/00, G01N5/00, G01N7/00, G01N9/00, G01N11/00, G01N13/00, G01N15/00, G01N17/00, G01N19/00, G01N21/00, G01N22/00, G01N23/00, G01N24/00, G01N25/00, G01N27/00, G01N29/00 take precedence) - G01T 1/185: with ionisation chamber arrangements - G01V 5/00: Prospecting or detecting by the use of ionising radiation, e.g. of natural or induced radioactivity - G01V 5/281: {detecting special nuclear material [SNM], e.g. Uranium-235, Uranium-233 or Plutonium-239} - G01N: INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES (measuring or testing apparatus or processes other than immunoassay, involving enzymes or microorganisms C12M, C12Q) - G01T: MEASUREMENT OF NUCLEAR OR X-RADIATION (radiation analysis of materials, mass spectrometry G01N23/00; tubes for determining the presence, intensity, density or energy of radiation or particles H01J47/00) - G01V: GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS (means for indicating the location of accidentally buried, e.g. snow-buried, persons A63B29/02) ## Abstract A system and method for detecting and identifying nuclear materials by detecting and measuring positive and negative ions in multiple ion chambers, wherein each ion chamber comprises a different gas, including oxygen, argon, nitrogen, carbon dioxide, and humid air, and one or more ion counters. The ion data can be transmitted to an isotope identification module. The ion data can include a distinctive pattern data of positive-ion production rates and negative-ion production rates generated from the measured positive and negative ions. The isotope identification module can compare the pattern data of positive-ion production rates and negative-ion production rates to an isotope data library, and identify a detected nuclear isotope with the isotope identification module. A display can show the identified detected nuclear isotope; a probability of the presence of the detected nuclear isotope; and a radioactivity of the detected nuclear isotope. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A method for detecting and identifying nuclear materials; comprising the steps of: detecting and measuring positive and negative ions in a plurality of ion chambers, wherein each ion chamber comprises a different gas and one or more ion counters; transmitting a plurality of ion data to an isotope identification module; wherein the plurality of ion data comprises distinctive pattern data of positive-ion production rates and negative-ion production rates generated from the measured positive and negative ions, wherein the isotope identification module is implemented in a computer system that comprises instructions stored in a machine-readable medium and a processor that executes the instructions; and comparing the pattern data of positive-ion production rates and negative-ion production rates to an isotope data library and identifying a detected nuclear isotope with the isotope identification module. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, further comprising the step of estimating the radioactivity of the detected nuclear isotope with the isotope identification module. ### Claim 3 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, further comprising the step of estimating the probability of the presence of the detected nuclear isotope with the isotope identification module. ### Claim 4 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein the step of detecting and measuring positive and negative ions in a plurality of ion chambers comprises counting the positive and negative ions in each ion counter in each ion chamber, and calculating a ion production rate for each ion chamber, wherein the ion production rate is a ratio between the ion count and a radioactivity strength. ### Claim 5 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein the step of comparing the pattern data of positive-ion production rates and negative-ion production rates to an isotope data library comprises comparing the pattern data of positive-ion production rates and negative-ion production rates generated from the measured positive and negative ions to the isotope data library that comprises a database of positive and negative ion production patterns of various isotopes for different gas environments. ### Claim 6 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, further comprising the step of displaying detected nuclear isotope information, wherein the detected nuclear isotope information comprises the identified detected nuclear isotope, a probability of the presence of the detected nuclear isotope, and a radioactivity of the detected nuclear isotope. ### Claim 7 A nuclear material detection and identification system, comprising: a plurality of ion chambers each configured to detect and measure positive and negative ions, wherein each ion chamber comprises a different gas and one or more ion counters; an isotope data library configured to store positive and negative ion production patterns of various isotopes for different gas environments; and an isotope identification module configured to receive a plurality of ion data from the plurality of ion chambers, wherein the plurality of ion data comprises distinctive pattern data of positive-ion production rates and negative-ion production rates generated from the measured positive and negative ions; and further configured to compare the pattern data of positive-ion production rates and negative-ion production rates to the isotope data library to identify a detected nuclear isotope, wherein the isotope identification module is implemented in a computer system that comprises instructions stored in a machine-readable medium and a processor that executes the instructions. ### Claim 8 (depends on 7) The system of claim 7, wherein the different gases comprise oxygen, argon, nitrogen, carbon dioxide, and humid air. ### Claim 9 (depends on 7) The system of claim 7, further comprising a display configured to show a plurality of detected isotope information. ### Claim 10 (depends on 9) The system of claim 9, wherein the plurality of detected nuclear isotope information comprises the identified detected nuclear isotope; a probability of the presence of the detected nuclear isotope; and a radioactivity of the detected nuclear isotope. ### Claim 11 (depends on 7) The system of claim 7, wherein the isotope identification module is further configured to estimate the radioactivity of the detected nuclear isotope and of estimate the probability of the presence of the detected nuclear isotope with the isotope identification module. ### Claim 12 (depends on 7) The system of claim 7, wherein the one or more ion counters in each ion chamber comprise a positive ion counter and negative ion counter.