On-board catalyst health monitoring and control system adaptation in internal combustion engines

A catalyst deterioration detection system including a three-way catalytic converter system for use with a three-way catalytic converter, the catalyst deterioration detection system comprising:

• a pre-catalytic converter gas sensor;
• a post-catalytic converter gas sensor;
• at least one computing device in communication with the pre-catalytic converter and post-catalytic converter gas sensors, the at least one computing device programmed to monitor catalyst deterioration by performing actions including:
• estimating a catalyst gas storage level by comparing a difference between a pre-catalytic converter gas level from the pre-catalytic converter gas sensor and a post-catalytic converter gas level from the post-catalytic converter gas sensor, wherein the pre-catalytic converter gas level includes a pre-catalytic converter oxygen level, wherein the post-catalytic converter gas level includes a post-catalytic converter oxygen level, wherein the estimated catalyst gas storage level includes an estimated catalyst oxygen storage level;
• comparing the estimated catalyst gas storage level to a baseline catalyst gas storage level, wherein the baseline catalyst gas storage level includes a baseline catalyst oxygen storage level;
• determining that the catalyst is deteriorated in response to the baseline catalyst gas storage level exceeding the estimated gas s rage level by a threshold difference;
• and
• estimating a carbon monoxide (CO) emissions level based on the estimated catalyst oxygen storage level;
• and
• wherein the determining that the catalyst is deteriorated is performed in response to both the reference catalyst oxygen storage level exceeding the baseline catalyst oxygen storage level by a threshold difference and the estimated CO emissions level exceeding a reference CO emissions level by a second threshold difference.

A catalyst deterioration detection system comprising:

• a pre-catalytic converter gas sensor;
• a post-catalytic converter gas sensor;
• at least one computing device in communication with the pre-catalytic converter and post-catalytic converter gas sensors, the at least one computing device programmed to monitor catalyst deterioration by performing actions including:
• estimating a catalyst gas storage level by comparing a difference between a pre-catalytic converter gas level from the pre-catalytic converter gas sensor and a post-catalytic converter gas level from the post-catalytic converter gas sensor;
• comparing the estimated catalyst gas storage level to a baseline catalyst gas storage level;
• determining that the catalyst is deteriorated in response to the baseline catalyst gas storage level exceeding the estimated gas storage level by a threshold difference;
• and
• providing an instruction to a control unit to adapt an air flow ratio of an engine in response to a deviation in the catalyst deterioration level.