# US 9,434,868 B2 · De-icer and/or anti-icer compositions and methods > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 9,434,868 B2 - Document ID: US9434868B2 - Status: Granted - Kind: B2 - Application number: 14/409,608 - Filed: 2013-06-24 - Published: 2015-09-10 - Granted: 2016-09-06 - Earliest claimed: 2012-06-22 - Assignees: Esseco UK Limited - Applicants: Esseco UK Limited - Inventors: Alistair McConnell - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US9434868B2 ## CPC - C09K 3/185: {Thawing materials} - C09K 3/18: for application to surfaces to minimize adherence of ice, mist or water thereto (rendering particulate materials free flowing, in general, e.g. making them hydrophobic B01J2/30); Thawing or antifreeze materials for application to surfaces (used in liquids for heat-transfer, heat-exchange or heat-storage or for the production of heat or cold other than by combustion, e.g. radiator liquids, C09K5/00) - C09K: MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE ## Abstract The invention relates to a de-icer or anti-icer composition for a travelled surface comprising: at least about 25% w/w of at least one acetate salt; and from about 14% to about 50% w/w of at least one non-acetate salt wherein the total concentration of said at least one acetate salt and said at least one non-acetate salt in the de-icer or anti-icer composition is at least about 57% w/w. The acetate salt can be selected from the group comprising potassium, sodium, lithium, magnesium, calcium, ammonium acetate or mixtures thereof. The non-acetate salt can selected from the group comprising one or more cations selected from the group consisting of potassium, sodium, lithium, magnesium, calcium, ammonium or mixtures thereof and one or more anions selected from the group consisting of formate, propionate, butyrate, isobutyrate, oxalate, malonate, succinate, glutarate, adipate, citrate, gluconate, benzoate, carbonate, bicarbonate, fluoride, chloride, bromide or mixtures thereof. The balance can be solvent and optionally not more than about 5% w/w in total of one or more auxiliary or incidental additives. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A de-icer or anti-icer composition for a travelled surface comprising: at least 25% w/w of acetate salt selected from the group consisting of potassium, sodium, lithium, magnesium, calcium, ammonium acetate and mixtures thereof; and from 14% to 50% w/w of non-acetate salt comprising one or more cations selected from the group consisting of potassium, sodium, lithium, magnesium, calcium, ammonium or mixtures thereof and one or more anions selected from the group consisting of formate, propionate, butyrate, isobutyrate, oxalate, malonate, succinate, glutarate, adipate, citrate, gluconate, benzoate, carbonate, bicarbonate, fluoride, chloride, bromide and mixtures thereof; the balance being solvent and optionally not more than about 5% w/w in total of auxiliary or incidental additives; wherein the acetate salt and the non-acetate salt are present in a solution of the composition; and wherein the total concentration of acetate salt and non-acetate salt in the de-icer or anti-icer composition is from 57% w/w to 75% w/w, wherein the ratio of acetate salt:non-acetate salt is from about 3:1 to about 1:3. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The de-icer or anti-icer composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein the composition is a liquid. ### Claim 3 (depends on 1) The de-icer or anti-icer composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein the composition comprises from 25% to 57% w/w of acetate salt. ### Claim 4 (depends on 1) The de-icer or anti-icer composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein the composition comprises between 30% and 35% w/w of acetate salt. ### Claim 5 (depends on 1) The de-icer or anti-icer composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein the composition comprises from about 14% to about 35% w/w of non-acetate salt. ### Claim 6 (depends on 1) The de-icer or anti-icer composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein the total concentration of acetate salt and non-acetate salt in the de-icer or anti-icer composition is from about 61% to about 65% w/w. ### Claim 7 (depends on 1) The de-icer or anti-icer composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein a cation of at least one acetate salt is selected from the group consisting of potassium, sodium, lithium and mixtures thereof. ### Claim 8 (depends on 7) The de-icer or anti-icer composition as claimed in claim 7, wherein said cation is potassium. ### Claim 9 (depends on 1) The de-icer or anti-icer composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein a cation of at least one non-acetate salt is selected from the group consisting of potassium, sodium, lithium and mixtures thereof. ### Claim 10 (depends on 9) The de-icer or anti-icer composition as claimed in claim 9, wherein said cation is potassium. ### Claim 11 (depends on 1) The de-icer or anti-icer composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein at least one non-acetate salt comprises one or more anions selected from the group consisting of formate, propionate, succinate and mixtures thereof. ### Claim 12 (depends on 1) The de-icer or anti-icer composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein at least one non-acetate salt comprises one or more anions selected from the group consisting of formate, propionate, and mixtures thereof. ### Claim 13 (depends on 11) The de-icer or anti-icer composition as claimed in claim 11, wherein said anion is formate. ### Claim 14 (depends on 1) The de-icer or anti-icer composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein said acetate salt is potassium acetate and said non-acetate salt is potassium formate. ### Claim 15 (depends on 1) The de-icer or anti-icer composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein the composition comprises auxiliary or incidental additives selected from the group consisting of one or more of corrosion inhibitors, stabilisers, viscosity modifiers, surfactants, pH buffers, anti-foaming agents and dyes. ### Claim 16 (depends on 1) The de-icer or anti-icer composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein the composition comprises a corrosion inhibitor having a total concentration of not more than about 1% by weight of the composition. ### Claim 17 (depends on 1) The de-icer or anti-icer composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein the pH of the composition is from 7 to 11.5. ### Claim 18 (depends on 1) The de-icer or anti-icer composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein said composition exhibits a net system temperature increase of at least 1.0° C. (2° F.) when mixed on an equal weight basis with water when following a heat of hydration test. ### Claim 19 (depends on 1) The de-icer or anti-icer composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein a given mass of said composition, when applied to a surface of a sample of ice of known mass and surface area at from −2° C. (28° F.) to −10° C. (14° F.), over a period of from 5 to 30 minutes, melts a mass of ice at least 25% greater than the same mass of a 50% w/w aqueous solution of potassium acetate applied to a sample of ice with the same mass and surface area for the same time at the same temperature. ### Claim 20 (depends on 1) The de-icer or anti-icer composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein said solvent is an aqueous solvent. ### Claim 21 (depends on 1) The de-icer or anti-icer composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein the total concentration of acetate salt and non-acetate salt in the de-icer or anti-icer composition is from about 62.25% to about 62.75%. ### Claim 22 (depends on 1) The de-icer or anti-icer composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein the composition comprises from 21% to 50% w/w of non-acetate salt. ### Claim 23 (depends on 1) A method of treating a travelled surface comprising applying to the surface a de-icing or anti-icing composition of claim 1. ### Claim 24 (depends on 23) The method as claimed in claim 23, wherein the method of treating comprises a de-icing treatment. ### Claim 25 (depends on 23) The method as claimed in claim 23, wherein the method of treating comprises a method of preventing or deterring ice formation and/or snow build up on the travelled surface. ### Claim 26 A de-icer or anti-icer composition for a travelled surface comprising: at least 25% w/w of acetate salt selected from the group consisting of potassium, sodium, lithium, magnesium, calcium, ammonium acetate and mixtures thereof; from 14% to 50% w/w of non-acetate salt comprising one or more cations selected from the group consisting of potassium, sodium, lithium, magnesium, calcium, ammonium or mixtures thereof and one or more anions selected from the group consisting of formate, propionate, butyrate, isobutyrate, oxalate, malonate, succinate, glutarate, adipate, citrate, benzoate, carbonate, bicarbonate, fluoride, chloride, bromide and mixtures thereof; and the balance being solvent and optionally not more than about 5% w/w in total of auxiliary or incidental additives; wherein the acetate salt and the non-acetate salt are present in a solution of the composition; and wherein the ratio of acetate salt:non-acetate salt is from about 3:1 to about 1:3 and the total concentration of acetate salt and non-acetate salt in the de-icer or anti-icer composition is at least about 57% w/w. ### Claim 27 A de-icer or anti-icer composition for a travelled surface comprising: at least 25% w/w of acetate salt selected from the group consisting of potassium, sodium, lithium, magnesium, calcium, ammonium acetate and mixtures thereof; from 16% to 50% w/w of non-acetate salt comprising one or more cations selected from the group consisting of potassium, sodium, lithium, magnesium, calcium, ammonium or mixtures thereof and one or more anions selected from the group consisting of formate, propionate, butyrate, isobutyrate, oxalate, malonate, succinate, glutarate, adipate, citrate, gluconate, benzoate, carbonate, bicarbonate, fluoride, chloride, bromide and mixtures thereof; and the balance being solvent and optionally not more than about 5% w/w in total of auxiliary or incidental additives; wherein the acetate salt and the non-acetate salt are present in a solution of the composition, and the total concentration of acetate salt and non-acetate salt in the de-icer or anti-icer composition is at least about 57% w/w; and wherein said composition exhibits a net system temperature increase of at least 1.0° C. (2° F.) when mixed on an equal weight basis with water when following a heat of hydration test.