Organic light-emitting diode

An organic light-emitting diode (OLED) comprising:

• a substrate;
• a first electrode on the substrate;
• a second electrode facing the first electrode;
• an emission layer between the first electrode and the second electrode;
• and
• an electron transport layer between the emission layer and the second electrode,
• wherein the electron transport layer has a structure in which n (where n is an integer of 1 or more) electron transport units are stacked, and each of the electron transport units comprises a first mixed layer comprising a first material and a first dopant and a second mixed layer comprising a second material and a second dopant,
• wherein the first material and the second material are different from each other,
• wherein the first material is represented by any one of Formulae 10A(1) through 10A(12), 10B(1) through 10B(12), and 10C(1) through 10C(6):
• wherein the first material and the second material satisfy at least one of Formulae 1, 2, and 3 below:
• Electron mobility of the first material≠Electron mobility of the second material, Formula 1
• Absolute value of Lowest Unoccupied Molecular Orbital (LUMO) level of the first material≠Absolute value of LUMO level of the second material, and Formula 2
• Absolute value of the Highest Occupied Molecular Orbital (HOMO) level of the first material≠Absolute value of the HOMO level of the second material, and Formula 3
• wherein:
• L1 and L2 are each independently a substituted or unsubstituted C6-C60 arylene group or a substituted or unsubstituted C2-C60 heteroarylene group;
• a and b are each independently 0, 1, or 2;
• R3 and R4 are each independently any one of a C1-C20 alkyl group and a C6-C20 aryl group;
• and a C1-C20 alkyl group and a C6-C20 aryl group that are substituted with at least one of deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, —CN, a hydroxyl group, a nitro group, an amino group, an amidino group, hydrazine, hydrazone, a carboxyl group or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid group or a salt thereof, and a phosphoric acid or a salt thereof,
• in Formulae 10A(1) through 10A(6), 10B(1) through 10B(6), and 10C(1) through 10C(6) R1 and R2 are each independently a substituted or unsubstituted benzoimidazolyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted benzoxazolyl group, or a substituted or unsubstituted benzothiazolyl group, and
• in Formulae 10A(7) through 10A(12) and 10B(7) through 10B(12) above, R1 and R2, are each independently a substituted or unsubstituted phenyl group, or a substituted or unsubstituted naphthyl group.

An organic light-emitting diode (OLED) comprising:

• a substrate;
• a first electrode on the substrate;
• a second electrode facing the first electrode;
• an emission layer between the first electrode and the second electrode;
• and
• an electron transport layer between the emission layer and the second electrode,
• wherein the electron transport layer has a structure in which n (where n is an integer of 1 or more) electron transport units are stacked, and each of the electron transport units comprises a first mixed layer comprising a first material and a first dopant and a second mixed layer comprising a second material and a second dopant,
• wherein the first material and the second material are different from each other,
• wherein the first material and the second material satisfy at least one of Formulae 1, 2, and 3 below:
• Electron mobility of the first material≠Electron mobility of the second material, Formula 1
• Absolute value of Lowest Unoccupied Molecular Orbital (LUMO) level of the first material≠Absolute value of LUMO level of the second material, and Formula 2
• Absolute value of the Highest Occupied Molecular Orbital (HOMO) level of the first material≠Absolute value of the HOMO level of the second material, Formula 3
• wherein the second material is a compound represented by Formula 20A below:
• in Formulae 20A above, T1 through T3 are each independently N or C(R100), R100 is any one of hydrogen;
• deuterium;
• —F;
• —Cl;
• —Br;
• —I;
• —CN;
• a hydroxyl group;
• —NO2;
• an amino group;
• an amidino group;
• hydrazine;
• hydrazone;
• a carboxyl group or a salt thereof;
• a sulfonic acid group or a salt thereof;
• a phosphoric acid or a salt thereof;
• a C1-C60 alkyl group, and a C1-C60 alkoxy group;
• and a C1-C60 alkyl group and a C1-C60 alkoxy group that are substituted with at least one of deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, —CN, a hydroxyl group, a nitro group, an amino group, an amidino group, hydrazine, hydrazone, a carboxyl group or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid group or a salt thereof, and a phosphoric acid or a salt thereof;
• Ar201 through Ar203 are each independently a substituted or unsubstituted C6-C60 arylene group or a substituted or unsubstituted C2-C60 heteroarylene group;
• p, q, and r are each independently 0, 1, or 2;
• and
• Ar211 through Ar213 are each independently a substituted or unsubstituted C6-C60 aryl group or a substituted or unsubstituted C2-C60 heteroaryl group.

An organic light-emitting diode (OLED) comprising:

• a substrate;
• a first electrode on the substrate;
• a second electrode facing the first electrode;
• an emission layer between the first electrode and the second electrode;
• and
• an electron transport layer between the emission layer and the second electrode,
• wherein the electron transport layer has a structure in which n (where n is an integer of 1 or more) electron transport units are stacked, and each of the electron transport units comprises a first mixed layer comprising a first material and a first dopant and a second mixed layer comprising a second material and a second dopant,
• wherein the first material and the second material are different from each other,
• wherein the first material and the second material satisfy at least one of Formulae 1, 2, and 3 below:
• Electron mobility of the first material≠Electron mobility of the second material, Formula 1
• Absolute value of Lowest Unoccupied Molecular Orbital (LUMO) level of the first material≠Absolute value of LUMO level of the second material, and Formula 2
• Absolute value of the Highest Occupied Molecular Orbital (HOMO) level of the first material≠Absolute value of the HOMO level of the second material, Formula 3
• wherein the first material is an anthracene-based compound represented by any one of Formulae 10A, 10B, and 10C below:
• in Formulae 10A through 10C above, Ar41 and Ar42 are each independently substituted or unsubstituted C6-C60 aryl group or a substituted or unsubstituted C2-C60 heteroaryl group;
• L1 and L2 are each independently a substituted or unsubstituted C6-C60 arylene group or a substituted or unsubstituted C2-C60 heteroarylene group;
• a and b are each independently 0, 1, or 2;
• R1 and R2 are each independently a substituted or unsubstituted benzoimidazolyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted benzoxazolyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted benzothiazolyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted benzopyrimidinyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted imidazopyridinyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted quinolinyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted isoquinolinyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted quinazolinyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted pyridinyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted pyrirnidinyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted pyrazinyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted naphthyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted pyrenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted chrysenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted fluorenyl group, or a substituted or unsubstituted phenanthrenyl group;
• and
• R3 and R4 are each independently any one of a C1-C20 alkyl group and a C6-C20 aryl group;
• and a C1-C20 alkyl group and a C1-C20 aryl group that are substituted with at least one of deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, —CN, a hydroxyl group, a nitro group, an amino group, an amidino group, hydrazine, hydrazone, a carboxyl group or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid group or a salt thereof, and a phosphoric acid or a salt thereof,
• wherein the first dopant and the second dopant are each independently a Li complex, LiF, CsF, Al2O3, SiO2, Si3N4, or Cs2CO3.

An organic light-emitting diode (OLED) comprising:

• a substrate;
• a first electrode on the substrate;
• a second electrode facing the first electrode;
• an emission layer between the first electrode and the second electrode;
• and
• an electron transport layer between the emission layer and the second electrode,
• wherein the electron transport layer has a structure in which n (where n is an integer of 1 or more) electron transport units are stacked, and each of the electron transport units comprises a first mixed layer comprising a first material and a first dopant and a second mixed layer comprising a second material and a second dopant,
• wherein the first material and the second material are different from each other,
• wherein the first material and the second material satisfy at least one of Formulae 1, 2, and 3 below,
• wherein the electron transport unit further comprises a first layer comprising the first material and a second layer comprising the second material,
• wherein the first layer and the second layer do not comprise the first dopant and the second dopant, and
• wherein the electron transport unit has a structure in which the first layer, the first mixed layer, the second layer, and the second mixed layer are sequentially stacked,
• Electron mobility of the first material≠Electron mobility of the second material, Formula 1
• Absolute value of Lowest Unoccupied Molecular Orbital (LUMO) level of the first material≠Absolute value of LUMO level of the second material, and Formula 2
• Absolute value of the Highest Occupied Molecular Orbital (HOMO) level of the first material≠Absolute value of the HOMO level of the second material. Formula 3

An organic light-emitting diode (OLED) comprising:

• a substrate;
• a first electrode on the substrate;
• a second electrode facing the first electrode;
• an emission layer between the first electrode and the second electrode;
• and
• an electron transport layer between the emission layer and the second electrode,
• wherein the electron transport layer has a structure in which n (where n is an integer of 1 or more) electron transport units are stacked, and each of the electron transport units comprises a first mixed layer comprising a first material and a first dopant and a second mixed layer comprising a second material and a second dopant,
• wherein the first material and the second material are different from each other,
• wherein the first material and the second material satisfy at least one of Formulae 1, 2, and 3 below:
• Electron mobility of the first material≠Electron mobility of the second material, Formula 1
• Absolute value of Lowest Unoccupied Molecular Orbital (LUMO) level of the first material≠Absolute value of LUMO level of the second material, and Formula 2
• Absolute value of the Highest Occupied Molecular Orbital (HOMO) level of the first material≠Absolute value of the HOMO level of the second material, Formula 3
• wherein the first material is an anthracene-based compound represented by any one of Formulae 10A, 10B, and 10C below;
• and
• wherein the second material is a compound represented by Formula 20A below:
• in Formulae 10A through 10C above, Ar41 and Ar42 are each independently a substituted or unsubstituted C6-C60 aryl group or a substituted or unsubstituted C2-C60 heteroaryl group;
• L1 and L2 are each independently a substituted or unsubstituted C6-C60 arylene group or a substituted or unsubstituted C2-C60 heteroarylene group;
• a and b are each independently 0, 1, or 2;
• R1 and R2 are each independently a substituted or unsubstituted benzoimidazolyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted benzoxazolyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted benzothiazolyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted benzopyrimidinyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted imidazopyridinyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted quinolinyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted isoquinolinyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted quinazolinyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted pyridinyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted pyrimidinyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted pyrazinyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted phenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted naphthyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted pyrenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted chrysenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted fluorenyl group, or a substituted or unsubstituted phenanthrenyl group;
• and
• R3 and R4 are each independently any one of a C1-C20 alkyl group and a C6-C20 aryl group;
• and a C1-C20 alkyl group and a C6-C20 aryl group that are substituted with at least one of deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, —CN, a hydroxyl group, a nitro group, an amino group, an amidino group, hydrazine, hydrazone, a carboxyl group or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid group or a salt thereof, and a phosphoric acid or a salt thereof,
• in Formulae 20A above, T1 through T3 are each independently N or C(R100), R100 is any one of hydrogen;
• deuterium;
• —F;
• —Cl;
• —Br;
• —I;
• —CN;
• a hydroxyl group;
• —NO2;
• an amino group;
• an amidino group;
• hydrazine;
• hydrazone;
• a carboxyl group or a salt thereof;
• a sulfonic acid group or a salt thereof;
• a phosphoric acid or a salt thereof;
• a C1-C60 alkyl group, and a C1-C60 alkoxy group;
• and a C1-C60 alkyl group and a C1-C60 alkoxy group that are substituted with at least one of deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, —CN, a hydroxyl group, a nitro group, an amino group, an amidino group, hydrazine, hydrazone, a carboxyl group or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid group or a salt thereof, and a phosphoric acid or a salt thereof;
• Ar201 through Ar203 are each independently a substituted or unsubstituted C6-C60 arylene group or a substituted or unsubstituted C2-C60 heteroarylene group;
• p, q, and r are each independently 0, 1, or 2;
• and
• Ar211 through Ar213 are each independently a substituted or unsubstituted C6-C60 aryl group or a substituted or unsubstituted C2-C60 heteroaryl group.