Solid-state imaging element, imaging device, and signal processing method including a dispersing element array and microlens array

A solid-state image sensor comprising:

• a photosensitive cell array in which a plurality of unit blocks, each including first, second, third and fourth photosensitive cells, are arranged two-dimensionally on an imaging area;
• a dispersing element array including first and second dispersing elements which are arranged to face the first and third photosensitive cells, respectively;
• and
• a microlens array including a first microlens which is arranged to cover the first dispersing element, the first photosensitive cell and a part of the second photosensitive cell and a second microlens which is arranged to cover the second dispersing element, the third photosensitive cell and a part of the fourth photosensitive cell, the microlens array being configured so that incoming light that has reached a region which is covered with neither the first nor second microlens and which faces the second photosensitive cell is incident on the second photosensitive cell and that incoming light that has reached a region which is covered with neither the first nor second microlens and which faces the fourth photosensitive cell is incident on the fourth photosensitive cell,
• wherein the first dispersing element makes light rays with first and second color components, which form respective parts of the incoming light that has come through the first microlens, incident on the first and second photosensitive cells, respectively,
• the second dispersing element makes light rays with third and fourth color components, which form respective parts of the incoming light that has come through the second microlens, incident on the third and fourth photosensitive cells, respectively, and
• the dispersing element array is configured so that light-splitting direction components that are parallel to the imaging area in a pair of the first dispersing elements which are located closest to each other intersect with each other at right angles and that second dispersing elements which are located closest to each other intersect with each other at right angles.