Charging member, process cartridge and electrophotographic apparatus

An electrophotographic member comprising:

• an electro-conductive support, and
• an elastic layer provided on the support as a surface layer,
• wherein:
• the elastic layer is formed by irradiating, with electron rays, a rubber layer,
• the rubber layer comprising a crosslinked product of a rubber mixture comprising acrylonitrile butadiene rubber and polybutadiene,
• the polybutadiene includes 1,2-syndiotactic polybutadiene,
• the elastic layer has a higher crosslink density in a surface portion than in an inside portion thereof, the higher crosslink density being due to a cleavage of a 1,2-vinyl bond of the 1,2-syndiotactic polybutadiene with the irradiation of the electron rays,
• a mixing ratio in the rubber mixture between the acrylonitrile butadiene rubber and the polybutadiene is 90 parts by mass:
• 10 parts by mass to 20 parts by mass:
• 80 parts by mass, and
• a content of the 1,2-syndiotactic polybutadiene in the polybutadiene is 3.8 mass % or more and 20 mass % or less.