Covalently attached antimicrobial polymers

Method for antimicrobially coating a surface or a substrate comprising the steps:

• providing an antimicrobial polymer covalently bound to a surface of a substrate, the antimicrobial polymer comprising a number average molecular weight (Mn) of more than 100,000 g mol−1 and as a repeat unit a structure according to formula (I):
• wherein one of moieties R1 and R2 comprises a hydrophobic group and the other one of moieties R1 and R2 comprises a hydrophilic group,
• wherein X is O, S or CR3R4, wherein R3 and R4 are independently from each other selected from a hydrogen or a C1-C12 alkyl or alkoxy group, and
• n is an integer selected from about 250 to about 2500,
• binding the antimicrobial polymer covalently to the surface or a substrate, wherein the surface of the substrate is selected from an inorganic surface containing or comprising metals or alloys, iron, gold, silver, copper, aluminum, nickel, chrome, titanium, molybdenum, magnesium, zirconium, ceramics, titanium oxides, or zirconium oxides, wherein the substrate is selected from any implant, dental implant, prosthesis, joint, bone, tooth, artificial joint, artificial bone, artificial tooth, inlays, or a material used or to be used for implanting such a substrate, screws, anchors, fastener or fixing material, from a medical or surgical device or tool, including implant trephine or trepan drill, scalpels, forceps, scissors, screws, fasteners and/or fixing material used for implantation, holders, clips, clamps, needles, linings, tubes, water tubes, pipes, water pipes, bottles and bottle inlays, inlays for medical equipment, (surfaces of) operating tables, treatment chairs, catheter, stents, any wound dressing material, including plaster, gauzes, bandages, bed sheets for clinical or medical purposes, sheets for covering medical devices, bindings or book covers, keyboards, computer keyboards, computer, laptops, displays, display covers, lamps, grips of tools and instruments, biomaterial suitable for tissue support, from a cell or issue carrier system, biomaterial suitable for volume preservation of solid body tissues, or from surfaces or substrates used for storage of cells, tissue, organs, or for storage of food, of refrigerators, coolers, or storage boxes.