Low surface friction proppants

A method comprising:

• manufacturing a proppant;
• and
• measuring the angle of repose of the proppant, wherein said proppant comprises:
• a) a Krumbein sphericity of at least 0.5:
• b) a roundness of at least 0.5;
• c) a particle size distribution such that the proppant has a d from about 0.001 to about 0.3, wherein dps=(dp90−dp10)/dp50 and wherein dp10 is a particle size wherein 10% of the particles have a smaller particle size, dp50 is a median particle size wherein 50% of the particles have a smaller particle size, and dp90 is a particle size wherein 90% of the particles have a smaller particle size;
• d) a porosity, excluding a central void, of from about 6% to about 40%;
• and
• e) proppant pores, wherein at least 90% of the proppant pores have a pore size of from about 0.1 micron to about 10 microns and at least 80% of the proppant pores are not in contact with each other.

A method comprising:

• manufacturing a proppant having an angle of repose of 30° or less;
• and
• placing the proppant in a transport fluid or carrying fluid, wherein said proppant comprises:
• a) a Krumbein sphericity of at least 0.5;
• b) a roundness of at least 0.5;
• c) a particle size distribution such that the proppant has a dps from about 0.001 to about 0.3, wherein dps=(dp90−dp10)/dp50 and wherein dp10 is a particle size wherein 10% of the particles have a smaller particle size, dp50 is a median particle size wherein 50% of the particles have a smaller particle size, and dp90 is a particle size wherein 90% of the particles have a smaller particle size;
• d) a porosity, excluding a central void, of from about 6% to about 40%;
• and
• c) proppant pores, wherein at least 90% of the proppant pores have a pore size of from about 0.1 micron to about 10 microns and at least 80% of the proppant pores are not in contact with each other.

A method comprising:

• manufacturing a first proppant having an angle of repose of 30° or less, wherein the first proppant comprises a ceramic material;
• measuring the agglomeration of the first proppant in a treatment fluid;
• wherein the first proppant has less agglomeration relative to a second proppant having an angle of repose greater than 30° and comprising the same ceramic material as the first proppant, wherein said first proppant comprises:
• a) a Krumbein sphericity of at least 0.5;
• b) a roundness of at least 0.5;
• c) a particle size distribution such that the proppant has a d from about 0.001 to about 0.3, wherein dps=(dp90−dp10)/dp50 and wherein dp10 is a particle size wherein 10% of the particles have a smaller particle size, dp50 is a median particle size wherein 50% of the particles have a smaller particle size, and dp90 is a particle size wherein 90% of the particles have a smaller particle size;
• d) a porosity, excluding a central void, of from about 6% to about 40%;
• and
• e) proppant pores, wherein at least 90% of the proppant pores have a pore size of from about 0.1 micron to about 10 microns and at least 80% of the proppant pores are not in contact with each other.

A method of achieving lower resistance to multi-phase flow in a subterranean formation comprising:

• introducing a proppant having an angle of repose of 30° or less into the subterranean formation such that the resistance to multi-phase flow in the subterranean formation is lowered;
• wherein said proppant comprises:
• a) a Krumbein sphericity of at least 0.5;
• b) a roundness of at least 0.5;
• c) a particle size distribution such that the proppant has a dps from about 0.001 to about 0.3, wherein dps=(dp90−dp10)/dp50 and wherein dp10 is a particle size wherein 10% of the particles have a smaller particle size, dp50 is a median particle size wherein 50% of the particles have a smaller particle size, and dp90 is a particle size wherein 90% of the particles have a smaller particle size;
• d) a porosity, excluding a central void, of from about 6% to about 40%;
• and
• e) proppant pores, wherein at least 90% of the proppant pores have a pore size of from about 0.1 micron to about 10 microns and at least 80% of the proppant pores ores are not in contact with each other.

A method to achieve lower pressure drop in a subterranean formation comprising:

• introducing a proppant having an angle of repose of 30° or less into the subterranean formation such that the pressure drop in the subterranean formation is lowered;
• wherein said proppant comprises:
• a) a Krumbein sphericity of at least 0.5;
• b) a roundness of at least 0.5:
• c) a particle size distribution such that the proppant has a dps from about 0.001 to about 0.3, wherein dps=(dp90−dp10)/dp50 and wherein dp10 is a particle size wherein 10% of the particles have a smaller particle size, dp50 is a median particle size wherein 50% of the particles have a smaller particle size, and dp90 is a particle size wherein 90% of the particles have a smaller particle size;
• d) a porosity, excluding a central void, of from about 6% to about 40%;
• and
• e) proppant pores, wherein at least 90% of the proppant pores have a pore size of from about 0.1 micron to about 10 microns and at least 80% of the proppant pores are not in contact with each other.

A method to reduce bridging and/or clogging of the proppant in a subterranean formation comprising:

• introducing a proppant having an angle of repose of 30° or less into the subterranean formation such that the bridging and/or clogging, of the proppant in the subterranean formation is reduced;
• wherein said proppant further comprises:
• a) a Krumbein sphericity of at least 0.5;
• b) a roundness of at least 0.5:
• c) a particle size distribution such that the proppant has a dps from about 0.001 to about 0.3, wherein dps=(dp90−dp10)/dp50 and wherein dp10 is a particle size wherein 10% of the particles have a smaller particle size, dp50 is a median particle size wherein 50% of the particles have a smaller particle size, and dp90 is a particle size wherein 90% of the particles have a smaller particle size;
• d) a porosity, excluding a central void, of from about 6% to about 40%;
• and
• e) proppant pores, wherein at least 90% of the proppant pores have a pore size of from about 0.1 micron to about 10 microns and at least 80% of the proppant pores are not in contact with each other.