Electrical devices with enhanced electrochemical activity and manufacturing methods thereof

A method of manufacturing an analyte sensor for measuring lactate concentration in a bio-fluid, the method comprising:

• providing a sensor member in the form of a fiber including a core formed of conductive material surrounded by a cladding formed of a semiconductor material, the semiconductor material including one of silicon, germanium, silicon germanide (SiGe), gallium arsenide (GaAs), and indium phosphide (InP);
• providing a surface region of enhanced electrochemical activity on the cladding of the sensor member by applying heat via laser to a portion of a surface of the sensor member sufficient to alter a response to an analyte of the cladding exposed to the heat to be five or more times greater than before exposure;
• and
• providing an active region over at least a portion of the surface region of enhanced electrochemical activity, the active region including lactate oxidase and being adapted to be exposed to a bio-fluid sample.

A method of manufacturing an analyte sensor for measuring an analyte concentration in a bio-fluid, the method comprising:

• providing a rod-shaped conductive core;
• forming an annular cladding of a semiconductor material surrounding the core, the semiconductor material including one of silicon, germanium, silicon germanide (SiGe), gallium arsenide (GaAs), and indium phosphide (InP);
• forming a surface region of enhanced electrochemical activity on the cladding by applying localized heat via laser to a portion of a surface area of the cladding sufficient to alter a response to an analyte of the cladding under the surface area exposed to the localized heat to be five or more times greater than before exposure;
• and
• forming an active region over at least a portion of the surface region of enhanced electrochemical activity, the active region including D-aspartate oxidase and being adapted to be exposed to a bio-fluid sample.