DNA sequencing using multiple metal layer structure with different organic coatings forming different transient bondings to DNA

A system, comprising:

• a nanodevice, comprising:
• a reservoir filled with a conductive fluid;
• a membrane separating the reservoir, the membrane comprising a plurality of electrode layers including a first pair of electrode layers and a second electrode layer, wherein each of the plurality of electrode layers is separated by an insulating layer;
• and
• a nanopore formed through the membrane, wherein the first pair of electrode layers is coated inside the nanopore with a first type of organic coating and the second electrode layer is coated inside the nanopore with a second type of organic coating to form a motion control transient bond, wherein the first type of organic coating comprises a functionality of resorcinol and the second type of organic coating comprises a functionality of at least one of phosphonic acid and hydroxamic acid;
• a voltage source configured to apply a voltage;
• wherein, in response to application of the voltage by the voltage source to the first pair of electrode layers, a tunneling current is generated by a base of nucleic acid in the nanopore;
• wherein the tunneling current traveling via a first transient bond and a second transient bond formed between the first pair of electrodes and the base of the nucleic acid is measured as a current signature for distinguishing the base;
• and
• wherein the motion control transient bond is stronger than the first and second transient bonds.