Optical fiber-based environmental detection system and the method thereof

An environmental detection system comprising:

• a) an interferometer comprising a thin core fiber, a first single mode fiber and a second single mode fiber;
• wherein said thin core fiber has a core diameter thinner than said first single mode fiber and said second mode fiber and is coupled to said first single mode fiber via a first junction and to said second single mode fiber via a second junction;
• b) a broadband light source configured to emit an emission light and coupled to said first single mode fiber of said interferometer;
• thereby allowing said emission light to propagate from said first single mode fiber to said second single mode fiber through said thin core fiber;
• and
• c) a detector coupled to said second single mode fiber of said interferometer and configured to capture a signal from said interferometer;
• wherein said first junction creates a plurality of optical paths for said emission light and said second junction collects said plurality of optical paths to said second single mode fiber such that an environmental change altering said optical paths, and inducing a shift of said signal is detected by said environmental detection system.