Method for boarding and unloading of passengers of an aircraft with reduced immobilization time of the aircraft, aircraft and air terminal for its implementation

An aircraft comprising:

• a removable cabin module, comprising a floor, an upper aircraft fuselage portion connected to the floor, and a first and a second end wall, wherein the first and second end walls, the floor and the upper aircraft fuselage portion form a cabin for transport of passengers, luggage, freight or combinations thereof;
• a reception space for receiving the removable cabin module;
• a nose cone comprising a cockpit and a transverse wall;
• a tail cone comprising a tail unit and a transverse wall;
• a lower structure comprising a lower fuselage portion truncated in a horizontal plane, wherein the reception space is delimited between the transverse wall of the nose cone and the transverse wall of the tail cone, and above the horizontal plane of the lower structure;
• a centring device for centring the removable cabin module in the reception space;
• and
• a retaining device for retaining the removable cabin module in the reception space, wherein the retaining device comprises a first docking device for securely coupling the floor of the removable cabin module to the horizontal plane of the lower structure, wherein the first docking device comprises a first element forming a hook which is coupled securely to the floor of the removable cabin module, and a second element forming a hook coupled securely to the horizontal plane of the lower structure, wherein the retaining device comprises a second docking device for securely coupling the first or second end wall of the removable cabin module to the transverse wall of the nose cone or the transverse wall of the tail cone, wherein the second docking device comprises a lengthways rod retractably housed in a bore in the transverse wall of the nose cone, the transverse wall of the tail cone, or both.