Security element, value document comprising such a security element and method for producing such a security element

A method of making a security element for security papers, the method comprising the steps:

• providing a carrier having a surface that is so height-modulated in an areal region that the areal region is divided into a multiplicity of pixels with respectively at least one facet;
• coating said facets so as to form reflective facets which reflect light incident along a predetermined direction on the areal region per pixel respectively directionally in a reflection direction predefined by their orientation;
• making the area of each pixel smaller than the area of the areal region by at least one order of magnitude;
• and
• arranging the orientations of the facets of different pixels to have random variation over the reflective areal region,
• wherein in arranging the orientations of the facets, the orientations of the facets of different pixels are arranged to have a random variation around different average orientations predefined in a region-based manner, resulting in regionally different average reflection directions of the pixels.