An aluminium-containing substrate with at least one superficially applied microporous layer of an aluminium phosphate zeolite (ALPO), characterised in that the microporous layer of the aluminium phosphate zeolite (ALPO) is a primary layer, and wherein the substrate further includes a microporous secondary material located on the primary layer of aluminium phosphate zeolite (ALPO), the microporous secondary material being different from the material of the primary layer, wherein the microporous primary layer and the microporous secondary material
- a) have a different gradually stepped porosity, wherein the microporous primary layer has a mean pore diameter of about 0.2 to 1 nm and the microporous secondary material has a mean pore diameter of about 0.4 to 1.5 nm, and
- b) show a difference with respect to the chemical type, wherein the microporous secondary material is present in the form of zeolitic silicates or aluminosilicates.