A modified hepatitis C virus genomic RNA comprising genomic RNA portions of two or more strains of hepatitis C viruses, which comprises a 5′ untranslated region, a core protein coding sequence, an E1 protein coding sequence, an E2 protein coding sequence, a p7 protein coding sequence, an NS2 protein coding sequence, a partial RNA sequence encoding NS3, NS4A, NS4B, NS5A, and NS5B proteins of a JFH1 strain shown in SEQ ID NO:1, and a 3′ untranslated region, wherein said modified hepatitis C virus genomic RNA is autonomously replicated and is capable of producing infectious hepatitis C virus particles in a cultured cell system, wherein the core protein coding sequence, the E1 protein coding sequence, the E2 protein coding sequence, and the p7 protein coding sequence are from the hepatitis C virus strain of genotype 1b, wherein the NS2 protein coding sequence is from the hepatitis C virus strain selected from the group consisting of genotype 1b and genotype 2a, and wherein the 5′ untranslated region and the 3′ untranslated region are from the JFH-1 strain, wherein the hepatitis C virus strain of genotype 1b is HCV-con 1 strain.