Perforated osteochondral allograft compositions

A method of treating a cartilage defect, a bone defect, or an osteochondtral defect in a subject, the method comprising administering to the subject at a cartilage defect, a bone defect, or an osteochondral defect a perforated osteochondral graft composition comprising a continuous portion of an osteochondral tissue containing native, viable chondrocyte cells from a donor of the osteochondral tissue, wherein the continuous portion of osteochondral tissue comprises a cartilage component and a bone component, and wherein the osteochondral graft composition comprises one or more perforations in the cartilage component, the bone component, or the cartilage component and the bone component.