Electrophotographic photosensitive member, method of producing electrophotographic photosensitive member, process cartridge, and electrophotographic apparatus

An electrophotographic photosensitive member, comprising:

• a support;
• and
• a photosensitive layer formed on the support,
• wherein a surface layer of the electrophotographic photosensitive member comprises a polymer obtained by polymerization of a composition comprising:
• a compound represented by the following formula (1);
• and
• a compound represented by formula (A);
• wherein, in the formula (1),
• Ar1 and Ar2 each independently represents a substituted phenyl group,
• Ar3 represents an unsubstituted or substituted phenylene group,
• M is a group represented by formula (M) above and, in the formula (M), n represents 3 or 4, and
• a substituent group of the substituted phenyl group and a substituent group of the substituted phenylene group are each independently an unsubstituted methyl group, an unsubstituted ethyl group, an unsubstituted n-propyl group, an unsubstituted methoxy group, an unsubstituted ethoxy group, or an unsubstituted propoxy group,
• wherein in the formula (A),
• R11 to R16 each independently represents a hydrogen atom, a methyl group, an ethyl group, a n-propyl group, a trifluoromethyl group, a hydroxy group, a methoxy group, an ethoxy group, an amino group, a dimethylamino group, a trimethylsilyl group, a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, or a bromine atom,
• X11 to X20 each independently represents a single bond or an alkylene group,
• P1 to P10 each independently represents a hydrogen atom, a methyl group, an ethyl group, a n-propyl group, a trifluoromethyl group, a hydroxy group, a methoxy group, an ethoxy group, an amino group, a dimethylamino group, a trimethylsilyl group, a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a bromine atom, or a methacryloyloxy group,
• at least two of P1 to P10 are a methacryloyloxy group,
• however, when X11 is a single bond, P1 and R11 may combine to form an oxo group (═O), when X12 is a single bond, P2 and R12 may combine to form an oxo group (═O), when X13 is a single bond, P3 and R13 may combine to form an oxo group (═O), when X14 is a single bond, P4 and R14 may combine to form an oxo group (═O), when X15 is a single bond, P5 and R15 may combine to form an oxo group (═O), and, when X16 is a single bond, P6 and R16 may combine to form an oxo group (═O), and
• R11 is a hydrogen atom when P1 is a methacryloyloxy group, R12 is a hydrogen atom when P2 is a methacryloyloxy group, R13 is a hydrogen atom when P3 is a methacryloyloxy group, R14 is a hydrogen atom when P4 is a methacryloyloxy group, R15 is a hydrogen atom when P5 is a methacryloyloxy group, and R16 is a hydrogen atom when P6 is a methacryloyloxy group, and
• wherein the surface layer further comprises a quinone derivative, the quinone derivative being at least one compound selected from the group consisting of:
• a compound represented by the following formula (G), and
• a compound represented by the following formula (H),
• wherein the content of the quinone derivative in the surface layer is not less than 5 ppm and not more than 1500 ppm relative to the total mass of the polymer;
• wherein, in the formulae (G) and (H),
• R71 to R74, R76, R77 , R79, and R80 each independently represents a hydrogen atom, a hydroxy group, an unsubstituted or substituted alkyl group, an unsubstituted or substituted aryl group, or an unsubstituted or substituted alkoxy group,
• at least one of R71 and R74 is a hydrogen atom, a methyl group, or a hydroxy group,
• at least one of R72 and R73 is a hydrogen atom, a methyl group, or a hydroxy group,
• at least one of R76 and R80 is a hydrogen atom, a methyl group, or a hydroxy group,
• at least one of R77 and R79 is a hydrogen atom, a methyl group, or a hydroxy group,
• R75 and R78 each independently represents a hydrogen atom, an unsubstituted or substituted alkyl group, or an unsubstituted or substituted aryl group, and
• at least one of R75 and R78 is a hydrogen atom.