# US 9,040,920 B1 · Optical object detection system > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 9,040,920 B1 - Document ID: US9040920B1 - Status: Granted - Kind: B1 - Application number: 13/732,666 - Filed: 2013-01-02 - Granted: 2015-05-26 - Earliest claimed: 2013-01-02 - Assignees: The Boeing Company - Applicants: The Boeing Company - Inventors: Jeffrey H. Hunt; Nicholas Koumvakalis - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US9040920B1 ## CPC - G01V 3/12: operating with electromagnetic waves {(operating with millimetre waves G01V8/005)} - G01V 8/00: Prospecting or detecting by optical means - G01N 21/01: Arrangements or apparatus for facilitating the optical investigation - G01N 2021/0162: {using microprocessors for control of a sequence of operations, e.g. test, powering, switching, processing} - G01V: GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS (means for indicating the location of accidentally buried, e.g. snow-buried, persons A63B29/02) - G01N: INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES (measuring or testing apparatus or processes other than immunoassay, involving enzymes or microorganisms C12M, C12Q) ## Abstract A method and apparatus for detecting an object. A first optical signal having a first frequency is transmitted to a location on a surface of a ground. A second optical signal having a second frequency is transmitted to the location on the surface of the ground such that the first optical signal and the second optical signal overlap each other at the location on the surface of the ground. The overlap of the first optical signal and the second optical signal at the location generates a third optical signal having a difference frequency that is a difference between the first frequency and the second frequency. The third optical signal is configured to travel into the ground. A response to the third optical signal is detected. A determination is made as to whether an object is present in the ground using the response to the third optical signal. ## Claims ### Claim 1 An apparatus comprising: a transmitter system configured to transmit a first optical signal having a first frequency and a second optical signal having a second frequency to a location on a surface of a ground such that the first optical signal and the second optical signal overlap each other at the location on the surface of the ground, wherein overlap of the first optical signal and the second optical signal at the location on the surface of the ground generates a third optical signal having a difference frequency that is a difference between the first frequency and the second frequency, and wherein the third optical signal is configured to travel into the ground; and a receiver system configured to detect a response to the third optical signal. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The apparatus of claim 1 further comprising: an information processor configured to determine whether an object is present in the ground using the response to the third optical signal. ### Claim 3 (depends on 2) The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the information processor is further configured to identify the object. ### Claim 4 (depends on 1) The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the third optical signal is a nonlinear response to the first optical signal and the second optical signal encountering components of the ground having a number of nonlinear optical properties. ### Claim 5 (depends on 1) The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the difference frequency is selected to penetrate the ground for a selected distance. ### Claim 6 (depends on 1) The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the transmitter system comprises: a coherent light source configured to generate first coherent light as the first optical signal and second coherent light as the second optical signal. ### Claim 7 (depends on 6) The apparatus of claim 6, wherein the transmitter system further comprises: an optical system configured to condition the first coherent light and the second coherent light for transmission to the location on the surface of the ground. ### Claim 8 (depends on 7) The apparatus of claim 7, wherein the optical system comprises: a polarizer configured to cause a first polarization in the first coherent light and a second polarization in the second coherent light. ### Claim 9 (depends on 8) The apparatus of claim 8, wherein the optical system further comprises: a frequency selector configured to pass the first coherent light with the first frequency and the second coherent light with the second frequency. ### Claim 10 (depends on 1) The apparatus of claim 1 further comprising: a controller configured to control the first frequency of the first optical signal and the second frequency of the second optical signal. ### Claim 11 (depends on 1) The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the receiver system comprises: a light detection system. ### Claim 12 (depends on 1) The apparatus of claim 1 further comprising: a platform, wherein the transmitter system and the receiver system are associated with the platform. ### Claim 13 (depends on 2) The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the object is selected from one of an improvised explosive device, contraband, a box, a tunnel, a pipe, a wire, a cable, and a container. ### Claim 14 A method for detecting an object, the method comprising: transmitting a first optical signal having a first frequency to a location on a surface of a ground; transmitting a second optical signal having a second frequency to the location on the surface of a ground such that the first optical signal and the second optical signal overlap each other at the location on the surface of the ground, wherein overlap of the first optical signal and the second optical signal at the location on the surface of the ground generates a third optical signal having a difference frequency that is a difference between the first frequency and the second frequency, and wherein the third optical signal is configured to travel into the ground; detecting a response to the third optical signal; and determining whether an object is present in the ground using the response to the third optical signal. ### Claim 15 (depends on 14) The method of claim 14 further comprising: generating an alert when the object is present in the ground. ### Claim 16 (depends on 15) The method of claim 15 further comprising: identifying the object when the object is present in the ground. ### Claim 17 (depends on 14) The method of claim 14 further comprising: identifying a value for the difference frequency; and selecting the first frequency and the second frequency based on the difference frequency. ### Claim 18 (depends on 17) The method of claim 17, wherein the value for the difference frequency is identified based on at least one of a number of properties of the ground and a number of properties of the object. ### Claim 19 (depends on 14) The method of claim 14, wherein the first optical signal is a first collimated beam of first coherent light and the second optical signal is a second collimated beam of second coherent light. ### Claim 20 (depends on 14) The method of claim 14, wherein the first optical signal and the second optical signal are transmitted by a transmitter system and the response is detected by a receiver system.