# US 9,040,880 B2 · Circuit arrangement for sustaining water in contact with a heating element at a set temperature or range within an instantaneous hot water heater unit

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- Number: US 9,040,880 B2
- Document ID: US9040880B2
- Status: Granted
- Kind: B2
- Application number: 13/807,130
- Filed: 2011-07-08
- Published: 2013-05-23
- Granted: 2015-05-26
- Earliest claimed: 2010-07-08
- Assignees: Hendon Semiconductors Pty. Ltd.
- Applicants: Mark Potter; Justin Langman
- Inventors: Mark Potter; Justin Langman
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US9040880B2

## CPC

- F24H 9/2028: {Continuous-flow heaters}
- F24H 1/142: {using electric energy supply}
- F24H 15/156: Reducing the quantity of energy consumed; Increasing efficiency
- F24H 15/174: Supplying heated water with desired temperature or desired range of temperature
- F24H 15/184: Preventing harm to users from exposure to heated water, e.g. scalding
- F24H 15/215: before heating
- F24H 15/219: after heating
- F24H 15/37: of electric heaters
- F24H 15/407: using electrical switching, e.g. TRIAC
- F24H: FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL (steam generation F22)

## Abstract

An electronic circuit control arrangement to sustain water discharging from an instantaneous hot water heater at a set temperature or range having a proportional water temperature signal derived from a sensing arrangement in communication with water inlet and outlet ports so as to sense the respective temperatures at each port to provide a comparatively measurable proportional difference between the inlet and outlet temperatures set against referenced parameters, including a comparator that acts as an operable control of a switch adapted to couple and de-couple an alternating current power source to the heating element through a duty cycle of highs and lows to provide a rate to generate and maintain the appropriate coupling and/or de-coupling of the alternating current power source to and from the heating element to achieve the desired referenced temperature and/or range.

## Claims

### Claim 1

An arrangement of electric signals adapted to sustain water discharging from an instantaneous hot water heating unit at a set temperature or range, the arrangement including:
a proportional water temperature signal derived from a sensing arrangement wherein said sensing arrangement is in communication with both a water inlet port and an outlet port so as to sense the respective temperatures at each port so as to provide a comparatively measureable proportional difference between the inlet and outlet temperatures set against referenced parameters;
a proportional water temperature rate of change signal derived from the water proportional temperature signal comparatively referenced with short term rate of change parameters of said proportional water temperature signal;
an adjustment signal derived from said proportional water temperature signal comparatively referenced with an offsettable pre-determined parameter;
a comparator;
a first input into said comparator derivable from the proportional water temperature signal;
a second comparator input derived from the summing together of both the proportional water temperature rate of change signal and the adjustment signal, such that the comparative relationship between the first and second input signals to the comparator provide an operable control of a switch adapted to couple and de-couple an alternating current power source to a heating element of the instantaneous hot water heating unit so that when the switch is in an ‘on’ state, the heating element is coupled to the alternating current power source and conversely when the switch is in an ‘off’ state, the alternating current power source is de-coupled from the heating element whereby the signal established from the comparator derives from the first and second input signals provides a duty cycle of highs and lows that is translated by the switch to a switching time sequence of ‘ons’ and ‘offs’ at a rate to generate and maintain the appropriate coupling and/or de-coupling of the alternating current power source to and from the heating element to achieve a referenced temperature and/or temperature range.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

The arrangement of claim 1 wherein the proportional water temperature signal, the proportional water temperature rate of change signal and/or the adjustment signal are DC derived.

### Claim 3 (depends on 2)

The arrangement of claim 2 wherein DC conditions for the proportional water temperature signal, the proportional water temperature rate of change signal and the adjustment signal are provided for by a Zener diode.

### Claim 4 (depends on 3)

The arrangement of claim 3 wherein the Zener diode is between an active terminal of the alternating current power source and the comparator.

### Claim 5 (depends on 4)

The arrangement of claim 4 wherein the Zener diode is reversed biased against the active terminal of the alternating current power source and working in conjunction with a series configured resistor.

### Claim 6 (depends on 5)

The arrangement of claim 5 wherein a diode is placed in parallel between the Zener diode and the series configured resistor so that positive half cycles of the alternating current power source are passed on to the DC operable portion of the arrangement.

### Claim 7 (depends on 6)

The arrangement of claim 6 wherein current generated during the positive half cycle passing through the diode set parallel against the Zener diode and the series resistor stemming from an active cycle of the alternating current power source is in communication with a capacitor chargeable and dischargeable so as to provide required DC levels in between the positive half cycles of the alternating current power source.

### Claim 8 (depends on 1)

The arrangement of claim 1 further including negative temperature coefficient thermistors adapted to sense water at each of the water inlet port and outlet port respectively.

### Claim 9 (depends on 8)

The arrangement of claim 8 wherein the inlet and outlet water temperatures proportionally conditioned are then fed into an amplifier.

### Claim 10 (depends on 9)

The arrangement of claim 9 wherein the negative temperature coefficient thermistors would have approximate ratings of 47 k at 25° C.

### Claim 11 (depends on 1)

The arrangement of claim 1 wherein the adjustment signal is in operable communication with a time delay arrangement once the alternating current source is first coupled to the heating element for heating.

### Claim 12 (depends on 11)

The arrangement of claim 11 wherein the time delay arrangement includes a capacitor and a resistor whereby the time of the delay will be determined by the values of both the capacitor and resistor.

### Claim 13 (depends on 1)

The arrangement of claim 1 configured using a thick filmed printing process, wherein the arrangement is deposited on a ceramic substrate.

### Claim 14 (depends on 13)

The arrangement of claim 13 wherein the ceramic substrate of the deposited arrangement for the invention is mountable on a metal plate.

### Claim 15 (depends on 14)

The arrangement of claim 14 wherein the metal plate is attached to an outlet of the water pipe extending from the instantaneous hot water heater unit.