# US 9,040,652 B2 · Binders and materials made therewith

> Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt

- Number: US 9,040,652 B2
- Document ID: US9040652B2
- Status: Granted
- Kind: B2
- Application number: 13/868,238
- Filed: 2013-04-23
- Published: 2013-09-19
- Granted: 2015-05-26
- Earliest claimed: 2005-07-26
- Assignees: Knauf Insulation, Inc.; Knauf Insulation SPRL
- Applicants: Knauf Insulation, LLC; Knauf Insulation SPRL
- Inventors: Brian Lee Swift; Ronald E. Kissell
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US9040652B2

## CPC

- C03C 25/321: Starch; Starch derivatives
- C09D 167/04: Polyesters derived from hydroxycarboxylic acids, e.g. lactones (C09D167/06 takes precedence)
- B29C 70/68: by incorporating or moulding on preformed parts, e.g. inserts or layers {, e.g. foam blocks (mould constructions therefor B29C33/12; joining preformed parts by moulding B29C65/70)}
- C03C 17/28: with organic material (C03C17/34, C03C17/44 take precedence)
- C03C 25/14: Spraying
- C07H 5/04: to nitrogen
- C08F 251/02: on to cellulose or derivatives thereof
- C08L 51/02: grafted on to polysaccharides
- C09D 5/08: Anti-corrosive paints
- C09D 105/00: Coating compositions based on polysaccharides or on their derivatives, not provided for in groups C09D101/00 or C09D103/00
- E04B 1/78: Heat insulating elements {(E04B1/7662 takes precedence)}
- E04B 1/84: Sound-absorbing elements
- E04B 1/88: Insulating elements for both heat and sound
- F16L 59/026: {Mattresses, mats, blankets or the like}
- F16L 59/14: Arrangements for the insulation of pipes or pipe systems (F16L59/02 - F16L59/12 take precedence)
- Y10T 428/31971: Of carbohydrate
- Y10T 442/60: Nonwoven fabric [i.e., nonwoven strand or fiber material]
- Y10T 442/691: Inorganic strand or fiber material only
- C03C: CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C09D: COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR (cosmetics A61K; processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces, in general, B05D; staining wood B27K5/02; glazes or vitreous enamels C03C; natural resins, French polish, drying-oils, driers, turpentine, per se, C09F; polishing compositions other than French polish, ski waxes C09G; adhesives or use of materials as adhesives C09J; materials for sealing or packing joints or covers C09K3/10; materials for stopping leaks C09K3/12; processes for the electrolytic or electrophoretic production of coatings C25D)
- B29C: SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING (making preforms B29B11/00; making laminated products by combining previously unconnected layers which become one product whose layers will remain together B32B37/00 - B32B41/00)
- C07H: SUGARS; DERIVATIVES THEREOF; NUCLEOSIDES; NUCLEOTIDES; NUCLEIC ACIDS (derivatives of aldonic or saccharic acids C07C, C07D; aldonic acids, saccharic acids C07C59/105, C07C59/285; cyanohydrins C07C255/16; glycals C07D; compounds of unknown constitution C07G; polysaccharides, derivatives thereof C08B; DNA or RNA concerning genetic engineering, vectors, e.g. plasmids, or their isolation, preparation or purification C12N15/00; sugar industry C13)
- C08F: MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08L: COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS (compositions based on polymerisable monomers C08F, C08G; artificial filaments or fibres D01F; textile treating compositions D06)
- E04B: GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS (border constructions of opening in walls, floors or ceilings E06B1/00; {electromagnetic shielding H05K9/0001})
- F16L: PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- Y10T: TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION

## Abstract

A curable aqueous composition is disclosed comprising a carbohydrate, a crosslinking agent, and an amine base, wherein the curable aqueous composition has a pH adjusted by the amine base. Further disclosed is a method of forming a curable aqueous solution.

## Claims

### Claim 1

A method of making a thermal or acoustical fiberglass insulation product, comprising:
a) providing fiberglass fibers selected from mineral fibers and glass fibers;
b) disposing onto the fiberglass fibers a curable composition comprising reactants including (i) an amine reactant and (ii) a carbohydrate reactant, wherein:
the carbohydrate reactant is a reducing sugar, a carbohydrate that yields one or more reducing sugars in situ under thermal curing conditions, or a combination thereof, and
the amine reactant comprises an amine base selected from a primary amine NH2R1 and a secondary amine NHR1R2, or an ammonium salt of one or more polycarboxylic acids, wherein the ammonium salt includes an ammonium ion selected from +NH3R1 and +NH2R1R2,
where R1 and R2 are each independently selected in NHR1R2 and +NH2R1R2, R1 is selected from alkyl, cycloalkyl, alkenyl, cycloalkenyl, and heterocyclyl, each of which is substituted by at least one group selected from aminoalkyl, amide, nitrile, amino, dialkylamino, acylamino and combinations thereof, and R2 is selected from alkyl, cycloalkyl, alkenyl, cycloalkenyl, heterocyclyl, aryl, and heteroaryl, each of which may be optionally substituted; and
c) thermally curing the curable composition disposed on the fiberglass fibers so as to provide the thermal or acoustical fiberglass insulation product, said fiberglass fibers being present in the fiberglass insulation product in the range from about 80% to about 99% by weight.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1, wherein the carbohydrate reactant comprises a polysaccharide.

### Claim 3 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1, wherein the carbohydrate reactant comprises a monosaccharide.

### Claim 4 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1, wherein the carbohydrate reactant comprises a carbohydrate selected from the group consisting of a pentose, a pentose used in combination with other reducing sugars, xylose, xylose used in combination with other reducing sugars, a hexose, a hexose used in combination with other reducing sugars, dextrose, dextrose used in combination with other reducing sugars, fructose, fructose used in combination with other reducing sugars, sucrose, and sucrose used in combination with monosaccharides.

### Claim 5 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1, further comprising adding a silicon-containing compound to a combination of the amine reactant and the carbohydrate reactant, wherein the silicon-containing compound is selected from the group consisting of an amino-substituted silicon-containing compound, a silyl ether, gamma-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, gamma-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane, aminoethylaminopropyltrimethoxysilane, and n-propylamine silane.

### Claim 6 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1, wherein the curable composition is substantially formaldehyde-free.

### Claim 7 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1, wherein the curable composition is formaldehyde-free.

### Claim 8 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1, wherein the curable composition is an aqueous solution.

### Claim 9 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1, wherein the curable composition is an aqueous solution having an alkaline pH.

### Claim 10 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1, wherein thermally curing the curable composition binds together the fiberglass fibers.

### Claim 11 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1, wherein thermally curing the curable composition provides a product of a Maillard reaction.

### Claim 12 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1, wherein thermally curing the curable composition provides water-insoluble melanoidins.

### Claim 13 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1, wherein the amine reactant comprises an amine base selected from a primary amine NH2R1 and a secondary amine NHR1R2, where R1 and R2 are each independently selected in NHR1R2, R1 is alkyl which is substituted by at least one group selected from aminoalkyl, amide, nitrile, amino, dialkylamino, acylamino and combinations thereof, and R2 is selected from alkyl, cycloalkyl, alkenyl, cycloalkenyl, heterocyclyl, aryl, and heteroaryl, each of which may be optionally substituted.

### Claim 14 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1, wherein the amine reactant comprises a primary amine NH2R1, where R1 is alkyl which is substituted by amino.

### Claim 15 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1, wherein the amine reactant comprises a primary amine NH2R1, where R1 is alkyl which is substituted by at least one group selected from aminoalkyl, amide, nitrile, amino, dialkylamino, acylamino and combinations thereof.

### Claim 16 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1, wherein the amine reactant comprises a primary amine NH2R1, where R1 is alkyl which is substituted by acylamino.

### Claim 17 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1, wherein the amine reactant comprises a primary amine NH2R1, where R1 is alkyl which is substituted by amide.

### Claim 18 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1, wherein the amine reactant comprises a primary amine NH2R1, where R1 is selected from alkyl, cycloalkyl, alkenyl, cycloalkenyl, and heterocyclyl, each of which is substituted by at least one group selected from aminoalkyl, amide, nitrile, amino, dialkylamino, acylamino and combinations thereof.

### Claim 19 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1, wherein the amine reactant comprises an ammonium salt of one or more polycarboxylic acids, wherein the ammonium salt includes an ammonium ion selected from the group consisting +NH3R1 and +NH2R1R2, wherein R1 and R2 are each independently selected in +NH2R1R2, R1 is alkyl which is substituted by at least one group selected from aminoalkyl, amide, nitrile, amino, dialkylamino, acylamino and combinations thereof, and wherein R2 is selected from alkyl, cycloalkyl, alkenyl, cycloalkenyl, heterocyclyl, aryl, and heteroaryl, each of which may be optionally substituted.

### Claim 20 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1, wherein the amine reactant comprises an ammonium salt of one or more polycarboxylic acids, wherein the ammonium salt includes an ammonium ion +NH3R1, wherein R1 is alkyl which is substituted by at least one group selected from aminoalkyl, amide, nitrile, amino, dialkylamino, acylamino and combinations thereof.

### Claim 21 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1, wherein the amine reactant comprises an ammonium salt of one or more polycarboxylic acids, wherein the ammonium salt includes an ammonium ion +NH3R1, wherein R1 is alkyl which is substituted by amino.

### Claim 22 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1, wherein the amine reactant comprises an ammonium salt of one or more polycarboxylic acids, wherein the ammonium salt includes an ammonium ion +NH3R1, wherein R1 is alkyl which is substituted by acylamino.

### Claim 23 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1, wherein the amine reactant comprises an ammonium salt of one or more polycarboxylic acids, wherein the ammonium salt includes an ammonium ion +NH3R1, wherein R1 is alkyl which is substituted by amide.

### Claim 24 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1, wherein the amine reactant comprises an ammonium salt of one or more polycarboxylic acids, wherein the ammonium salt includes an ammonium ion +NH3R1, wherein R1 is selected from alkyl, cycloalkyl, alkenyl, cycloalkenyl, and heterocyclyl, each of which is substituted by at least one group selected from aminoalkyl, amide, nitrile, amino, dialkylamino, acylamino and combinations thereof.