# US 9,040,004 B2 · Method and device for cleaning exhaust gases by way of fluidized bed reactors > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 9,040,004 B2 - Document ID: US9040004B2 - Status: Granted - Kind: B2 - Application number: 14/239,173 - Filed: 2012-06-11 - Published: 2014-12-04 - Granted: 2015-05-26 - Earliest claimed: 2011-08-17 - Assignees: Fujiang Lonjing Environment Technology Co., Ltd. - Applicants: Harald Sauer - Inventors: Harald Sauer - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US9040004B2 ## CPC - B01D 53/40: Acidic components (B01D53/44 takes precedence) - B01D 53/508: {by treating the gases with solids} - B01D 53/685: {by treating the gases with solids} - B01D 53/75: Multi-step processes - B01D 53/83: with moving reactants - B01D 53/885: {Devices in general for catalytic purification of waste gases} - B01D 2251/404: of calcium - B01D 2258/0283: Flue gases - B01D: SEPARATION (separating solids from solids by wet methods B03B, B03D; by pneumatic jigs or tables B03B; by other dry methods B07; magnetic or electrostatic separation of solid materials from solid materials or fluids, separation by high-voltage electric fields B03C; centrifuges, vortex apparatus B04; presses per se for squeezing-out liquid from liquid-containing material B30B9/02; treatment of water C02F, e.g. softening by ion-exchange C02F1/42; {arrangements of air intake cleaners in gas turbine plants F02C7/05} ; arrangements or mounting of filters in air-conditioning, air-humidification or ventilation F24F13/28) ## Abstract The invention relates to a method for cleaning exhaust gases, in which an exhaust gas and a sorbent are combined in a fluidized bed reactor. In a subsequent filter system, solid matter is segregated, and thereafter, up to 99 per cent of the sorbent is re-channeled into the fluidized bed reactor, wherein the gas is subjected to a rotation around the flow axis in the fluidized bed reactor. ## Claims ### Claim 1 Method for cleaning exhaust gases comprising combining an exhaust gas and a sorbent in a fluidized bed reactor, segregating solid matter in a subsequent filter system and then re-channeling up to 99% of the sorbent into the fluidized bed reactor, wherein the fluidized bed reactor comprises an expanded circulating fluidized bed and that the gas is subjected to a rotation about the flow axis in the fluidized bed reactor, wherein the rotational movement of the gas is achieved by installations in at least one nozzle, which is located in the gas and sorbent injection region of the fluidized bed reactor and the at least one nozzle comprises single or multiple nozzles and the installations in the single or multiple nozzles comprise guide vanes, and adjusting a gas speed relative to the empty reactor of 2 m/s to 10 m/s and/or a mean solid residence time of 15 min to 200 min by external solids recirculation and/or a mean solid loading of 1 kg/m3 to 10 kg/m3 in the fluidized bed reactor. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The method according to claim 1, wherein the rotational movement of the gas is produced by the inclination of the at least one nozzle and/or by the configuration of the supply line in the gas and sorbent injection region itself. ### Claim 3 (depends on 1) The method according to claim 1, wherein the sorbent is introduced into the fluidized bed reactor below the single or multiple nozzles, the particles returned from the solid separator are introduced into the fluidized bed reactor below or above the single or multiple nozzles and the water is introduced into the fluidized bed reactor above the single or multiple nozzles. ### Claim 4 (depends on 1) The method according to claim 1, wherein the fluidized bed reactor is operated at a temperature of 5° C. to 30° C. above the theoretical limit of cooling of the solid substances located in the fluidized bed reactor wherein the optimal reaction temperature is adjusted by injecting water. ### Claim 5 (depends on 1) The method according to claim 1, wherein 0% to 99% of the solids segregated in the filter are re-channelled into the fluidized bed reactor. ### Claim 6 (depends on 1) The method according to claim 1, wherein the mean solid residence time in the case of a single passage through the fluidized bed reactor is between 5 sec and 60 sec and/or the minimum gas residence time in the absorber is 2 sec. ### Claim 7 (depends on 1) The method according to claim 1, wherein the solid sorbent has a particle diameter d50 of 1 μm to 20 μm. ### Claim 8 (depends on 1) The method according to claim 1, wherein 0% to 100% pure gas is returned to the raw gas inlet. ### Claim 9 Apparatus for carrying out a method for cleaning exhaust gases in a fluidized bed reactor, comprising a fluidized bed reactor that includes an expanded circulating fluidized bed and wherein a gas and sorbent injection region of the fluidized bed reactor is equipped such that the raw gas can be brought into a rotational movement about the flow axis in the fluidized bed reactor, wherein in order to produce the rotational movement in the gas and sorbent injection region of the fluidized bed reactor, at least one nozzle is provided with installations and the nozzles comprise single or multiple nozzles and the installations in the single or multiple nozzles comprise guide vanes, and wherein a gas speed relative to the empty reactor of 2 m/s 10 m/s and/or a mean solid residence time of 15 min to 200 min by external recirculation and/or a mean solid loading of 1 kg/m3 to 10 kg/m3 is adjusted in the fluidized bed reactor. ### Claim 10 (depends on 9) Apparatus according to claim 9, wherein the rotational movement of the gas is produced by the inclination of the at least one nozzle and/or by the configuration of the supply line in the gas and sorbent injection region itself.