# US 9,039,817 B2 · Multilayered mixed bed filter for the removal of toxic gases from air streams and methods thereof

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- Number: US 9,039,817 B2
- Document ID: US9039817B2
- Status: Granted
- Kind: B2
- Application number: 13/945,019
- Filed: 2013-07-18
- Published: 2013-11-14
- Granted: 2015-05-26
- Earliest claimed: 2011-01-20
- Applicants: Scott Technologies, Inc.; Nanoscale Materials, Inc.
- Inventors: Christopher L. Aikens; Olga B. Koper; Slawomir Winecki; Amy Elizabeth Quiring; Maciej Stanislaw Matyjaszczyk; Martin Keller
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US9039817B2

## CPC

- B01D 53/02: by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography {(solid sorbent compositions B01J20/00, preparation of inorganic compounds or elements C01)}
- B01J 20/041: {Oxides or hydroxides}
- B01J 20/06: comprising oxides or hydroxides of metals not provided for in group B01J20/04
- B01J 20/20: comprising free carbon; comprising carbon obtained by carbonising processes
- B01J 20/28007: {with size in the range 1-100 nanometers, e.g. nanosized particles, nanofibers, nanotubes, nanowires or the like (carbon nanostructures B01J20/205)}
- B01J 20/28052: {Several layers of identical or different sorbents stacked in a housing, e.g. in a column}
- B01J 20/3204: {Inorganic carriers, supports or substrates}
- B01J 20/3246: {having a well defined chemical structure}
- B01J 20/3248: {the functional group or the linking, spacer or anchoring group as a whole comprising at least one type of heteroatom selected from a nitrogen, oxygen or sulfur, these atoms not being part of the carrier as such}
- B82Y 30/00: Nanotechnology for materials or surface science, e.g. nanocomposites
- B01D 2251/402: of magnesium
- B01D 2251/404: of calcium
- B01D 2253/102: Carbon
- B01D 2253/1122: Metals
- B01D 2257/93: Toxic compounds not provided for in groups B01D2257/00 - B01D2257/708
- B01D 2258/06: Polluted air
- B01D 2259/4145: arranged in series
- B01J 2220/42: Materials comprising a mixture of inorganic materials (materials coated or impregnated on a carrier B01J20/32)
- B01D: SEPARATION (separating solids from solids by wet methods B03B, B03D; by pneumatic jigs or tables B03B; by other dry methods B07; magnetic or electrostatic separation of solid materials from solid materials or fluids, separation by high-voltage electric fields B03C; centrifuges, vortex apparatus B04; presses per se for squeezing-out liquid from liquid-containing material B30B9/02; treatment of water C02F, e.g. softening by ion-exchange C02F1/42; {arrangements of air intake cleaners in gas turbine plants F02C7/05} ; arrangements or mounting of filters in air-conditioning, air-humidification or ventilation F24F13/28)
- B01J: CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B82Y: SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES

## Abstract

To achieve the removal of a broad spectrum of chemical hazards, multiple layers of impregnated activated carbon and nanocrystalline materials are incorporated into the adsorbent bed. For optimum performance using the least amount of material, a two-layer configuration is used. The top layer consists of a homogeneous mixture of an MgO/CaO based nanocrystalline material (e.g., Mg/Ca) and Kureha or other petroleum pitch-based bead shaped activated carbon impregnated treated with phosphoric acid. The bottom layer is comprised of a single layer of Calgon URC carbon. The volume ratios of the components are 9:5:11 Mg/Ca, phosphoric acid treated Kureha carbon, and URC, respectively. The new configuration leads to a 30% reduction in size of the existing NIOSH CBRN CAP 1 cartridge. Other embodiments are disclosed and claimed.

## Claims

### Claim 1

A filter media, comprising:
a first plurality of filter media particles comprising a high surface area substrate comprising at least one acidic impregnant;
a second plurality of filter media particles comprising a high surface area substrate comprising at least one of magnesium oxide or calcium oxide; and,
a third plurality of filter media particles comprising a high surface area substrate comprising an amine impregnant;
wherein the filter media comprises first and second filter layers, the first and second plurality of filter media particles being intermixed and located in the first filter layer, the third plurality of filter media particles being located in the second filter layer.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

The filter media of claim 1, wherein each of said substrates is essentially free of chromium.

### Claim 3 (depends on 1)

The filter media of claim 1, wherein the acidic impregnant is phosphoric acid.

### Claim 4 (depends on 1)

The filter media of claim 1, wherein the acidic impregnant has a maximum concentration of 10 percent.

### Claim 5 (depends on 1)

The filter media of claim 1, wherein the high surface area substrate of the second plurality of filter media particles comprises an agglomeration of both magnesium oxide and calcium oxide.

### Claim 6 (depends on 1)

The filter media of claim 1, wherein the at least one of magnesium oxide or calcium oxide comprises a nano-crystalline structure of about 20 nanometers or less per individual crystallite.

### Claim 7 (depends on 1)

The filter media of claim 1, wherein the amine impregnant comprises a diamine.

### Claim 8 (depends on 7)

The filter media of claim 7, wherein the diamine comprises an aliphatic linear carbon chain.

### Claim 9 (depends on 7)

The filter media of claim 7, wherein the diamine has a molecular weight of about 100 or more.

### Claim 10 (depends on 1)

The filter media of claim 1, wherein the amine impregnant comprises triethylenediamine (TEDA).

### Claim 11 (depends on 1)

The filter media of claim 1, wherein the first plurality of filter media particles comprises phosphoric acid having a surface area of about 500 square meters per gram or more, the second plurality of filter media particles comprises an agglomeration of both magnesium oxide and calcium oxide having a surface area of about 100 square meters per gram or more, and the third plurality of filter media particles comprises triethylenediamine (TEDA) having a surface area of about 700 meters per gram or more.

### Claim 12 (depends on 11)

The filter media of claim 11, wherein the phosphoric acid has a surface area of 770 square meters per gram or more and the agglomeration of both magnesium oxide and calcium oxide has a surface area of about 196 square meters per gram or more.

### Claim 13 (depends on 1)

The filter media of claim 1, wherein the acidic impregnant is phosphoric acid and the amine impregnant comprises triethylenediamine (TEDA)

### Claim 14 (depends on 1)

The filter media of claim 1, wherein the second plurality of filter media particles comprises a homogenous mixture of both magnesium oxide and calcium oxide in an approximate 1:1 ratio.

### Claim 15 (depends on 1)

The filter media of claim 1, wherein the first layer is configured to receive a gas stream prior to the second layer in a direction of flow of the gas stream.

### Claim 16 (depends on 1)

The filter media of claim 1, wherein the volume ratios of the first, second, and third plurality of filter media particles are approximately 5:9:11, respectively.