# US 9,039,558 B2 · Electric vehicle driving system

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- Number: US 9,039,558 B2
- Document ID: US9039558B2
- Status: Granted
- Kind: B2
- Application number: 13/697,999
- Filed: 2011-03-11
- Published: 2013-05-23
- Granted: 2015-05-26
- Earliest claimed: 2010-05-14
- Assignees: Beiqi Foton Motor Co., Ltd.; Beijing Zhi Ke Investment and Management Co., Ltd.
- Applicants: Feng Li; Xingquan Qin; Yu Li; Bao Li; Yanqiao Zhang; Qiang He
- Inventors: Feng Li; Xingquan Qin; Yu Li; Bao Li; Yanqiao Zhang; Qiang He
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US9039558B2

## CPC

- F16H 37/08: with differential gearing
- B60K 1/02: comprising more than one electric motor
- B60K 17/12: of electric gearing
- B60K 17/356: having fluid or electric motor, for driving one or more wheels
- B60L 15/2045: {for optimising the use of energy}
- B60L 50/16: with provision for separate direct mechanical propulsion
- B60L 50/61: by batteries charged by engine-driven generators, e.g. series hybrid electric vehicles
- B60K 7/0007: {the motor being electric}
- B60K 2007/0092: {the motor axle being coaxial to the wheel axle}
- B60L 2210/10: DC to DC converters
- B60L 2240/421: Speed
- B60L 2240/423: Torque
- B60Y 2400/61: Arrangements of controllers for electric machines, e.g. inverters
- Y02T 10/62: Hybrid vehicles
- Y02T 10/64: Electric machine technologies in electromobility
- Y02T 10/70: Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
- Y02T 10/7072: Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
- Y02T 10/72: Electric energy management in electromobility
- F16H: GEARING
- B60K: ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60L: PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES (arrangements or mounting of electrical propulsion units or of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion in vehicles B60K1/00, B60K6/20; arrangements or mounting of electrical gearing in vehicles B60K17/12, B60K17/14; preventing wheel slip by reducing power in rail vehicles B61C15/08; dynamo-electric machines H02K; control or regulation of electric motors H02P); SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES (electric coupling devices combined with mechanical couplings of vehicles B60D1/64; electric heating for vehicles B60H1/00); ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL (control or regulation of electric motors H02P); MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60Y: INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
- Y02T: CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION

## Abstract

An electric vehicle driving system includes an energy-storage apparatus (1), a first motor (2), a speed regulating motor (3) and a single row planetary mechanism. Said first motor (2) and said speed regulating motor (3) are connected electrically to the energy-storage apparatus (1). The single row planetary mechanism includes a sun gear (4), a gear ring (5) and a planetary carries (6) with planetary gears (7). The planetary gears (7) in the planetary carrier (6) mesh the gear ring (5) and the sun gear (4) separately. The output axle of the first motor (2) is connected to the gear ring (5), and the output axle of the speed regulating motor (3) is connected to the sun gear (4) by a brake (8). The invention takes the speed regulating motor and the single row planetary mechanism instead of the gearbox in a transmission driving system, and achieves a simple and compact structure, easy assemble, light weight, and low manufacturing cost. With the speed regulation of the speed regulating motor, the first motor works in high efficiency speed range, which increases energy utilization rate and endurance mileage.

## Claims

### Claim 1

An electric vehicle driving system, comprising:
an energy-storage device;
a first motor electrically connected to the energy-storage device;
a speed regulating motor electrically connected to the energy-storage device; and
a single row planetary gear mechanism, which comprises a sun gear, a gear ring and a planetary carrier with planetary gear gears, wherein the planetary gear gears on the planetary carrier individually mesh with the gear ring and the sun gear, an output axle of the first motor is connected to the gear ring, and an output axle of the speed regulating motor is connected to the sun gear and a brake,
wherein the system further comprises:
a main decelerator, which meshes with an output gear of the planetary carrier; and
a front axle differential, which is disposed on an output axle of a front axle and connected to the main decelerator to output the power transmitted by the main decelerator via the front axle differential to the output axle of the front axle.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

The electric vehicle driving system according to claim 1, wherein the speed regulating motor has a higher speed and a smaller power than the first motor does.

### Claim 3 (depends on 1)

The electric vehicle driving system according to claim 1, wherein the system further comprises a controller, which is electrically connected to the first motor, the speed regulating motor and the brake, and is configured to carry out at least one of the following operations:
in the condition of the electric vehicle is in an operating mode of level-ground start, the controller ensures the first motor is started and in an operating mode of motor drive, the speed regulating motor is shut down and the brake is locked;
in the condition of the electric vehicle is in an operating modes of hill start, cruising, quick acceleration, climbing or bad road condition, the controller ensures the first motor and the speed regulating motor are started and in an operating mode of motor drive, and the brake is not locked;
in the condition of the electric vehicle is in an operating mode of deceleration or braking, the controller ensures the first motor is started and in an operating mode of power generation, the speed regulating motor is shut down and the brake is locked; and
in the condition of the electric vehicle is in an operating mode of stopping at traffic jam or traffic lights, the controller ensures the first motor and the speed regulating motor are shut down and the brake is not locked.

### Claim 4 (depends on 3)

The electric vehicle driving system according to claim 3, wherein the controller is further configured to carry out the following operations:
detecting the state of motors connected to the controller; and
shutting down the faulty motor and driving with a motor without failure.

### Claim 5 (depends on 1)

The electric vehicle driving system according to claim 1, wherein the system further comprises:
a second motor electrically connected to the energy-storage device;
a rear axle decelerator connected to an output axle of the second motor; and
a rear axle differential, which is disposed on an output axle of a rear axle and connected to the rear axle decelerator to output the power of the rear axle decelerator transmitted via the rear axle differential to the output axle of the rear axle.

### Claim 6 (depends on 5)

The electric vehicle driving system according to claim 5, wherein the system further comprises a controller, which is electrically connected to the first motor, the second motor, the speed regulating motor and the brake, and is configured to carry out at least one of the following operations:
in the condition of the electric vehicle is in an operating mode of level-ground start, the controller ensures the first motor is started and in an operating mode of motor drive, the speed regulating motor and the second motor are shut down and the brake is locked;
in the condition of the electric vehicle is in an operating mode of hill start, the controller ensures the first motor and the second motor are started and in an operating mode of motor drive, the speed regulating motor is shut down and the brake is locked;
in the condition of the electric vehicle is in an operating mode of cruising, the controller ensures the first motor and the speed regulating motor are started and in an operating mode of motor drive, the second motor is shut down and the brake is not locked;
in the condition of the electric vehicle is in an operating mode of quick acceleration, climbing or bad road condition, the controller ensures the first motor, the second motor and the speed regulating motor are started and in an operating mode of motor drive, and the brake is not locked;
in the condition of the electric vehicle is in an operating mode of deceleration or braking, the controller ensures the first motor is started and in an operating mode of power generation, the speed regulating motor and the second motor are shut down and the brake is locked; and
in the condition of the electric vehicle is in an operating mode of stopping at traffic jam or traffic lights, the controller ensures the first motor, the second motor and the speed regulating motor are shut down and the brake is not locked.

### Claim 7 (depends on 6)

The electric vehicle driving system according to claim 6, wherein the controller is further configured to carry out the following operations:
detecting the state of motors connected to the controller; and
shutting down the faulty motor and driving with a motor without failure.

### Claim 8 (depends on 1)

The electric vehicle driving system according to claim 1, wherein the system further comprises:
two hub motors, which are on two rear wheels of the vehicle, electrically connected to the energy-storage device and used to directly drive the rear wheels.

### Claim 9 (depends on 8)

The electric vehicle driving system according to claim 8, wherein the system further comprises a controller, which is electrically connected to the first motor, the two hub motors, the speed regulating motor and the brake, and is configured to carry out at least one of the following operations:
in the condition of the electric vehicle is in an operating mode of level-ground start, the controller ensures the first motor is started and in an operating mode of motor drive, the speed regulating motor and the two hub motors are shut down and the brake is locked;
in the condition of the electric vehicle is in an operating mode of hill start, the controller ensures the first motor and the two hub motors are started and in an operating mode of motor drive, the speed regulating motor is shut down and the brake is locked;
in the condition of the electric vehicle is in an operating mode of cruising, the controller ensures the first motor and the speed regulating motor are started and in an operating mode of motor drive, the two hub motors is shut down and the brake is not locked;
in the condition of the electric vehicle is in an operating mode of quick acceleration, climbing or bad road condition, the controller ensures the first motor, the two hub motors and the speed regulating motor are started and in an operating mode of motor drive, and the brake is not locked;
in the condition of the electric vehicle is in an operating mode of deceleration or braking, the controller ensures the first motor is started and in an operating mode of power generation, the speed regulating motor and the two hub motors are shut down and the brake is locked; and
in the condition of the electric vehicle is in an operating mode of stopping at traffic jam or traffic lights, the controller ensures the first motor, the two hub motors and the speed regulating motor are shut down and the brake is not locked.

### Claim 10 (depends on 9)

The electric vehicle driving system according to claim 9, wherein the controller is further configured to carry out the following operations:
detecting the state of motors connected to the controller; and
shutting down the faulty motor and driving with a motor without failure.

### Claim 11 (depends on 1)

The electric vehicle driving system according to claim 1, wherein the energy-storage device comprises:
a battery; and
a DC/DC converter, which is electrically connected to the battery and is used to perform DC/DC conversion to the output from and/or input into the battery.

### Claim 12 (depends on 11)

The electric vehicle driving system according to claim 11, wherein the energy-storage device further comprises:
a capacitor, which is disposed between the DC/DC converter and the battery.

### Claim 13 (depends on 12)

The electric vehicle driving system according to claim 12, wherein the energy-storage device further comprises:
a battery management system, which is electrically connected to the battery and used to manage the charging, discharging and balancing of the battery.

### Claim 14 (depends on 11)

The electric vehicle driving system according to claim 11, wherein the energy-storage device further comprises:
a battery management system, which is electrically connected to the battery and used to manage the charging, discharging and balancing of the battery.