Control and data plane solutions for carrier-aggregation based WLAN offload

User equipment comprising physical-layer circuitry configured to process offloaded data received via a secondary network, comprising:

• physical layer circuitry providing a primary network interface;
• physical layer circuitry providing a secondary network interface;
• and
• physical-layer circuitry configured to process offloaded flows of data received via the secondary network using an aggregation function, the aggregation function transferring data between the primary network interface and the second network interface, and the circuitry configured for:
• identifying flows of data at a Layer 2 level received with the secondary network interface as offloaded data from the primary network tunneled over a secondary network;
• processing the offloaded data with the aggregation function;
• providing the offloaded data from the aggregation function to a user plane layer of the primary network interfaces;
• and
• processing the offloaded data with the primary network interface.