Monocyclic cyanoenones and methods of use thereof

A pharmaceutical composition comprising a compound of the formula or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or tautomer thereof:

• wherein:
• R1 is:
• hydroxy, amino, cyano, or
• alkyl(C≦8), alkenyl(C≦18), alkynyl(C≦18), aryl(C≦18), aralkyl(C≦18), heteroaryl(C≦18), heteroaralkyl(C≦18), acyl(C≦18), alkoxy(C≦18), alkenyloxy(C≦18), alkynyloxy(C≦18), aryloxy(C≦18), aralkoxy(C≦18), heteroaryloxy(C≦18), heteroaralkoxy(C≦18), acyloxy(C≦18), alkyl-amino(C≦18), dialkylamino(C≦18), alkoxyamino(C≦18), alkenyl-amino(C≦18), alkynylamino(C≦18), arylamino(C≦18), aralkylamino(C≦18), heteroarylamino(C≦18), heteroaralkylamino(C≦18), alkylsulphonyl-amino(C≦18), amido(C≦18), alkylideneamino(C≦18), aralkylidene-amino(C≦18), or a substituted version of any of these groups;
• and
• R2 is cyano, alkynyl(C≦8), substituted alkynyl(C≦8), or —C≡C—R9,
• wherein R9 is:
• hydrogen or cyano;
• or
• alkyl(C≦6), aryl(C≦6), acyl(C≦6), alkylsilyl(C≦6) or a substituted version of any of these groups;
• and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.