Hybrid organic-inorganic materials that contain stabilized carbene

Porous structured material obtained by a sol-gel method using a structure directing agent, which comprises organometallic-inorganic component (A) comprising a stabilized carbene, silylene, or germylene chosen among the components of formula II:

• wherein:
• Z is a silicon atom:
• o is 1.5;
• V is a carbon atom (C), a silicon atom (Si), or a germanium atom (Ge);
• M is a metal selected from the group consisting of lanthanides and metals from group 3 elements to group 11 elements (III B to I B):
• Q is a ligand, and q is an integer between 0 and 11 as a function of the metal, the ligands Q could be the same or different and could be linked together to form a cyclic group in a 3 to 8 membered ring;
• Q is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, halide, C1-20 alkyl, C5-20 aryl, C1-20 alkoxy and thioC1-20alkoxy, C5-20 aryloxy an thioC5-20aryloxy, C1-20 alkyldiketonate, diketiminate ligand (such as the NacNac:
• CH[C(Me)NAr]2−, Ar=2,6-Me2C6H3), C1-20 alkoxycarbonyl, C5-20 arylcarbonyl, C1-20 acyl, C1-20 alkylsulfonato, C5-20 arylsulfonato, C1-20 alkylsulfanyl, C5-20 arylsulfanyl C1-20 alkylsulfinyl, C5-20 arylsulfinyl C1-20 alkylcarboxylate, C5-20 arylcarboxylate, C1-20 alkylsilyl, C5-20 arylsilyl, such groups being unsubstituted or substituted with one or more moieties selected from the group consisting of C1-10 alkoxy, C1-10 alkyl, C5-10 aryl, cyclopentadienyl, amido, imido, phosphido, nitrido, alkene, alkyne, arene, phosphane, sulfonated phosphane, phosphate, phosphinite, arsine, ether, amine, amide, imine, sulfoxide, carboxyl, nitrosyl, pyridine, substituted pyridine, imidazole, substituted imidazole, pyrazine, substituted pyrazine, and thioether;
• X and X′ are each independently selected from the group consisting of carbon and a heteroatom, the heteroatom being selected from the group consisting of nitrogen (N), oxygen (O), sulphur (S), and phosphorus (P), provided that at least one of X or X′ is a heteroatom, eventually substituted if not bonded to L, by an hydrogen atom H or a R substituent;
• y is an integer between 0 and 10;
• Y is a divalent radical from 1 to 6 atoms including a substituted hydrocarbylene, a hydrocarbylene comprising at least a heteroatom, or a substituted hydrocarbylene comprising at least a heteroatom and forming a ring between X and X′ when y is between 1 and 10, or if y is 0, X and X′ can be directly linked or not;
• L is a divalent radical comprising a hydrocarbylene bonding X or X′ or any of the divalent radical Y, respectively including a substituted hydrocarbylene, a hydrocarbylene comprising a heteroatom, or substituted hydrocarbylene comprising a heteroatom, like a C1-10 alkylene, a C6-40 arylene substituted or not;
• l is an integer comprised between 1 and 2(2+y);
• R is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, C1-20 alkyl, C5-20 aryl, which can be substituted with one or more moieties selected from the group consisting of C1-10 alkoxy, phosphine, sulfonated phosphine, phosphate, phosphinite, arsine, ether, amine, amide, imine, sulfoxide, carboxyl, nitrosyl, pyridine, substituted pyridine, imidazole, substituted imidazole, pyrazine, substituted pyrazine, and thioether;
• R may be identical or different from one organometallic organic-inorganic component to another;
• and
• said component (A) is an integral part of the porous structured material and being regularly distributed within the porous structured material via siloxy bonds.