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US 8,865,631 B2Granted
Proppant particles formed from slurry droplets and method of use
AssigneeCarbo Ceramics Inc.
InventorsBenjamin T. Eldred, Brett A. Wilson, Clayton F. Gardinier, Robert J. Duenckel
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Abstract
Proppant material for hydraulic fracturing is provided. The particles of the proppant are formed by drip casting. A slurry of finely divided ceramic particles is flowed through nozzles and formed into droplets under the influence of vibration. Uniform sized, smooth surface, spherical green particles are formed. The green particles are dried and sintered to form the proppant. The proppant is used in the process of hydraulic fracturing of wells.
Claims14
A method for making proppant particles, comprising:
- providing a slurry of kaolin, the slurry containing a reactant comprising a polysaccharide, wherein the slurry has a solids content from about 25 wt % to about 75 wt %;
- flowing the slurry through a nozzle in a gas while vibrating the slurry to form droplets;
- receiving the droplets in a vessel containing a liquid having an upper surface in direct contact with the gas, the liquid containing a coagulation agent to react with the reactant in the slurry and cause coagulation of the reactant in the droplets;
- transferring the droplets from the liquid;
- drying the droplets to form green pellets;
- and
- sintering the green pellets in a selected temperature range to form the proppant particles, wherein the proppant particles have a long-term permeability greater than 85 darcies at a stress of 10,000 psi and a temperature of 250° F., as measured in accord with ISO 13503-5.
4 more elements
Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.