Method of developing a petroleum reservoir from history matching of production data and seismic data

A method for optimizing development of an underground medium, from a reservoir model including a set of grid cells discretizing the medium with values of at least one parameter being assigned to each cell wherein production data and seismic data are measured during said development of the medium, comprising:

• simulating said production data from the reservoir model using a flow simulator;
• constructing a first image of at least one seismic attribute from the seismic data;
• constructing a second image of the at least one seismic attribute from the reservoir model;
• converting each seismic attribute image to a classified image containing at least two seismic attribute classes with each pixel of the classified images being associated with a class number;
• constructing a map of local dissimilarities between the classified images;
• modifying said values of the at least one parameter in each cell of the reservoir model to minimize a difference between the measured production data and the simulated production data, and to minimize the local dissimilarities;
• using the model with the modified values to define an optimal development of the underground medium;
• and
• developing the underground medium according to the optimal development.