Polyurethanes, articles and coatings prepared therefrom and methods of making the same

A polyurethane comprising a reaction product of components comprising:

• (a) an isocyanate functional urethane prepolymer comprising a reaction product of components comprising:
• (i) about 1 equivalent of at least one polyisocyanate;
• and
• (ii) about 0.3 to about 0.4 equivalents of pentanediol;
• and
• (b) about 0.3 to about 0.7 equivalents of trimethylolpropane based upon the about 1 equivalent of at least one polyisocyanate (i);
• and
• (c) up to about 0.4 equivalents of butanediol or pentanediol based upon the about 1 equivalent of at least one polyisocyanate (i),
• wherein the reaction product components comprise less than about 5 weight percent of polyester polyol, less than about 5 weight percent of polycarbonate polyol and less than about 5 weight percent of polyether polyol,
• wherein the prepolymer (a), polyol (b), and polyol (c) (if present) are each preheated to and maintained at a temperature of about 120° C. to about 140° C. for at least about 10 minutes immediately prior to mixing together within a mixing chamber of a dynamic pin mixer, wherein the mixing chamber has a volume of about 62 cc to about 250 cc, the total flow rate of components into the mixing chamber is about 499 to about 4807 grams per minute, and wherein the residence time of the components in the mixing chamber is from about 0.1 seconds to about 5 minutes.

A polyurethane consisting of a reaction product of components consisting of:

• (a) an isocyanate functional urethane prepolymer consisting of a reaction product of components consisting of:
• (i) about 1 equivalent of at least one polyisocyanate;
• and
• (ii) about 0.3 to about 0.4 equivalents of pentanediol;
• and
• (b) about 0.3 to about 0.6 equivalents of trimethylolpropane based upon the about 1 equivalent of at least one polyisocyanate (i);
• and
• (c) about 0.1 to about 0.4 equivalents of butanediol or pentanediol based upon the about 1 equivalent of at least one polyisocyanate (i),
• wherein the prepolymer (a), polyol (b), and polyol (c) are each preheated to and maintained at a temperature of about 120° C. to about 140° C. for at least about 10 minutes immediately prior to mixing together within a mixing chamber of a dynamic pin mixer, wherein the mixing chamber has a volume of about 62 cc to about 250 cc, the total flow rate of components into the mixing chamber is about 499 to about 4807 grams per minute, and wherein the residence time of the components in the mixing chamber is from about 0.1 seconds to about 5 minutes.

A polyurethane comprising a reaction product of components comprising:

• (a) an isocyanate functional urethane prepolymer comprising a reaction product of components comprising:
• (i) about 1 equivalent of at least one polyisocyanate;
• and
• (ii) about 0.2 to about 0.5 equivalents of pentanediol;
• and
• (b) about 0.05 to about 0.9 equivalents of at least one polyol having 4 to 18 carbon atoms and at least 3 hydroxyl groups based upon the about 1 equivalent of at least one polyisocyanate (i), the polyol (b) being selected from the group consisting of tetramethylolmethane, trimethylolethane, trimethylolpropane, pentaerythritol, dipentaerythritol, tripentaerythritol, and mixtures thereof;
• and
• (c) up to about 0.45 equivalents of at least one diol having 2 to 18 carbon atoms based upon the about 1 equivalent of at least one polyisocyanate (i),
• wherein the reaction product components comprise less than about 5 weight percent of polyester polyol, less than about 5 weight percent of polycarbonate polyol and less than about 5 weight percent of polyether polyol,
• wherein the prepolymer (a), polyol (b), and polyol (c) (if present) are each preheated to and maintained at a temperature of about 120° C. to about 140° C. for at least about 10 minutes immediately prior to mixing together within a mixing chamber of a dynamic pin mixer, wherein the mixing chamber has a volume of about 62 cc to about 250 cc, the total flow rate of components into the mixing chamber is about 499 to about 4807 grams per minute, and wherein the residence time of the components in the mixing chamber is from about 0.1 seconds to about 5 minutes.

An article comprising at least one layer of a polyurethane and at least one layer of polycarbonate, wherein the polyurethane comprises a reaction product of components comprising:

• (a) an isocyanate functional urethane prepolymer comprising a reaction product of components comprising:
• (i) about 1 equivalent of at least one polyisocyanate;
• and
• (ii) about 0.2 to about 0.5 equivalents of pentanediol;
• and
• (b) about 0.05 to about 1.0 equivalents of at least one polyol (b) having 4 to 18 carbon atoms and at least 3 hydroxyl groups, based upon the about 1 equivalent of at least one polyisocyanate (i), the polyol (b) being selected from the group consisting of tetramethylolmethane, trimethylolethane, trimethylolpropane, pentaerythritol, dipentaerythritol, tripentaerythritol, and mixtures thereof;
• and
• (c) up to about 0.9 equivalents of at least one polyol different from polyol (b) and having 2 to 18 carbon atoms, based upon the about 1 equivalent of at least one polyisocyanate (i),
• wherein the reaction components comprise less than about 5 weight percent of polyester polyol, less than about 5 weight percent of polycarbonate polyol and less than about 5 weight percent polyether polyol,
• wherein the prepolymer (a), polyol (b), and polyol (c) (if present) are each preheated to and maintained at a temperature of about 120° C. to about 140° C. for at least about 10 minutes immediately prior to mixing together within a mixing chamber of a dynamic pin mixer, wherein the mixing chamber has a volume of about 62 cc to about 250 cc, the total flow rate of components into the mixing chamber is about 499 to about 4807 grams per minute, and wherein the residence time of the components in the mixing chamber is from about 0.1 seconds to about 5 minutes.

A polyurethane prepared by a process comprising:

• (1) preheating reaction components to a temperature of about 120° C. to about 140° C., the reaction components comprising:
• (a) an isocyanate functional urethane prepolymer comprising a reaction product of components comprising:
• (i) about 1 equivalent of at least one polyisocyanate;
• and
• (ii) about 0.2 to about 0.5 equivalents of pentanediol;
• and
• (b) about 0.05 to about 1.0 equivalents of at least one polyol (b) having 4 to 18 carbon atoms and at least 3 hydroxyl groups, based upon the about 1 equivalent of at least one polyisocyanate (i), the polyol (b) being selected from the group consisting of tetramethylolmethane, trimethylolethane, trimethylolpropane, pentaerythritol, dipentaerythritol, tripentaerythritol, and mixtures thereof;
• and
• (c) up to about 0.9 equivalents of at least one polyol different from polyol (b) and having 2 to 18 carbon atoms, based upon the about 1 equivalent of at least one polyisocyanate (i),
• wherein the reaction components comprise less than about 5 weight percent of polyester polyol, less than about 5 weight percent of polycarbonate polyol and less than about 5 weight percent polyether polyol;
• and
• (2) mixing the preheated reaction components together within a mixing chamber of a dynamic pin mixer, wherein the mixing chamber has a volume of about 62 cc to about 250 cc, the total flow rate of components into the mixing chamber is about 499 to about 4807 grams per minute, and wherein the residence time of the components in the mixing chamber is from about 0.1 seconds to about 5 minutes.

A method for making a polyurethane comprising:

• (1) preheating reaction components to a temperature of about 120° C. to about 140° C., the reaction components comprising:
• (a) an isocyanate functional urethane prepolymer comprising a reaction product of components comprising:
• (i) about 1 equivalent of at least one polyisocyanate;
• and
• (ii) about 0.2 to about 0.5 equivalents of pentanediol;
• and
• (b) about 0.05 to about 1.0 equivalents of at least one polyol (b) having 4 to 18 carbon atoms and at least 3 hydroxyl groups, based upon the about 1 equivalent of at least one polyisocyanate (i), the polyol (b) being selected from the group consisting of tetramethylolmethane, trimethylolethane, trimethylolpropane, pentaerythritol, dipentaerythritol, tripentaerythritol, and mixtures thereof;
• and
• (c) up to about 0.9 equivalents of at least one polyol different from polyol (b) and having 2 to 18 carbon atoms, based upon the about 1 equivalent of at least one polyisocyanate (i),
• wherein the reaction components comprise less than about 5 weight percent of polyester polyol, less than about 5 weight percent of polycarbonate polyol and less than about 5 weight percent polyether polyol;
• and
• (2) mixing the preheated reaction components together within a mixing chamber of a dynamic pin mixer, wherein the mixing chamber has a volume of about 62 cc to about 250 cc, the total flow rate of components into the mixing chamber is about 499 to about 4807 grams per minute, and wherein the residence time of the components in the mixing chamber is from about 0.1 seconds to about 5 minutes.