Multiple clocking modes for a CCD imager
AssigneeTruesense Imaging, Inc.
InventorChristopher Parks
Life of this patent
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Abstract
A CCD image sensor includes vertical CCD shift registers and gate electrodes disposed over the vertical CCD shift registers. The gate electrodes are divided into distinct groups of gate electrodes. The CCD image sensor is adapted to operate in an accumulation mode and a charge transfer mode, an accumulation mode and a charge shifting mode, or an accumulation mode, a charge transfer mode, and a charge shifting mode. The charge transfer mode has an initial charge transfer phase and a final charge transfer phase. The charge shifting mode has an initial charge shifting phase and a final charge shifting phase.
Claims11
A method for operating a charge-coupled device (CCD) image sensor including a plurality of vertical CCD shift registers and a plurality of gate electrodes disposed over the vertical CCD shift registers, wherein the plurality of gate electrodes are divided into distinct groups of gate electrodes, the method comprising:
- applying, at a first time step, an accumulation clock signal having a first voltage level to all of the gate electrodes disposed over the vertical CCD shift registers for accumulating minority charge carriers;
- applying, at a second time step, a depletion clock signal having a different second voltage level to a respective one of the gate electrodes in each distinct group of gate electrodes while substantially simultaneously applying a compensation clock signal having a different third voltage level to all of the remaining gate electrodes in each distinct group of gate electrodes, wherein a difference between the first voltage level and the second voltage level applied to the respective one of the gate electrodes is compensated by a collective voltage difference between the first voltage level and the third voltage level applied to the remaining gate electrodes in each distinct repeating group of gate electrodes;
- and
- applying, at a third time step, the depletion clock signal having the second voltage level to another respective one of the gate electrodes in each distinct group of gate electrodes while substantially simultaneously applying the compensation clock signal having the third voltage level to the respective one of the gate electrodes clocked by the depletion clock signal at the second time step in each distinct group of gate electrodes, wherein a difference between the third voltage level and the second voltage level applied to the another respective one of the gate electrodes is compensated by a difference between the second voltage level and the third voltage level applied to the previous respective one of the gate electrodes.
A method for operating a charge-coupled device (CCD) image sensor including a plurality of vertical CCD shift registers and a plurality of gate electrodes disposed over the vertical CCD shift registers and the plurality of gate electrodes are divided into distinct repeating groups of gate electrodes, the method comprising:
- applying, at a first time step, an accumulation clock signal having a first voltage level to all of the gate electrodes;
- applying, at a second time step, a depletion clock signal having a different second voltage level to a respective one of the gate electrodes in each distinct repeating group of gate electrodes while substantially simultaneously applying a compensation clock signal having a different third voltage level to the remaining gate electrodes in each distinct repeating group of gate electrodes, wherein the first voltage level of the accumulation clock signal is between the third voltage level of the compensation clock signal and the second voltage level of the depletion clock signal.
A method for operating a charge-coupled device (CCD) image sensor adapted to operate in a charge shifting mode and in an accumulation mode, wherein the CCD image sensor includes a plurality of vertical CCD shift registers and a plurality of gate electrodes disposed over the vertical CCD shift registers and the plurality of gate electrodes are divided into distinct groups of gate electrodes, the method comprising:
- in an initial charge shifting phase of the charge shifting mode, applying a depletion clock signal to one gate electrode in each distinct group of gate electrodes while substantially simultaneously applying a compensation clock signal to all of the remaining gate electrodes in each distinct group of gate electrodes, wherein a collective voltage transition of the compensation clock signal on the remaining gate electrodes in each distinct group of gate electrodes compensates for a voltage transition of the depletion clock signal on the one gate electrode in each distinct group of gate electrodes;
- and
- in a final charge shifting phase of the charge shifting mode, applying the depletion clock signal successively to a different one gate electrode in each distinct group of gate electrodes while substantially simultaneously applying the compensation clock signal to the gate electrode clocked by the depletion clock signal at the previous time step and maintaining the compensation clock signal on the remaining gate electrodes in each distinct group of gate electrodes, wherein a voltage transition of the compensation clock signal on the gate electrode previously clocked by the depletion clock signal substantially compensates for a voltage transition of the depletion clock signal on each different one gate electrode in each distinct group of gate electrodes.
Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.