Apparatuses, systems and methods for biopotential sensing with dry electrodes
AssigneeCognionics, Inc.
InventorYu Mike Chi
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Abstract
A biopotential electrode for transferring electrical signals with a subject that includes an electrical conductor, a membrane selectively permeable to ionic conduction for presenting a dry surface to the subject, and a conductive medium positioned in communication with a portion of the electrical conductor and a portion of the membrane. The electrical potentials are coupled from the subject across the membrane into the conductive medium and then transferred from the subject to the electrical conductor. In other embodiments, the electrical potentials may be transferred from the external conductor to the subject through the conductive medium across the membrane into the subject. Other embodiments include systems and methods for using the biopotential electrodes.
Claims13
A biopotential electrode for transferring electrical signals with a subject comprising:
- an external electrical conductor;
- a membrane;
- and
- a conductive medium positioned in communication with a portion of said electrical conductor and a portion of said membrane;
- wherein electrical potentials can be coupled from said subject across said membrane into said conductive medium and then to said electrical conductor;
- and
- wherein the conductive medium is hydrophilic to ensure minimal moisture loss over time and the membrane permits exchange of ions between the subject's body and the conductive medium while at the same time being sufficiently restrictive to block moisture from the conductive medium such that the exterior face of the membrane presents a dry surface to the skin of the body.
A monitoring system comprising:
- a biopotential electrode for transferring electrical signals with a subject;
- and a high input impedance buffer amplifier;
- wherein the biopotential electrode comprises:
- an external electrical conductor;
- a membrane;
- and a conductive medium positioned in communication with a portion of said electrical conductor and a portion of said membrane;
- wherein electrical potentials can be coupled from said subject across said membrane into said conductive medium and then to said electrical conductor;
- and wherein the conductive medium is hydrophilic to ensure minimal moisture loss over time and the membrane permits exchange of ions between the subject's body and the conductive medium while at the same time being sufficiently restrictive to block moisture from the conductive medium such that the exterior face of the membrane presents a dry surface to the skin of the body;
- and wherein said biopotential electrode is coupled to said high input impedance buffer amplifier.
A method of detecting biopotential electrical signals from the skin of a subject, comprising the steps of:
- (a) positioning an electrode in communication with said subject's skin, said electrode comprising:
- an exterior electrical conductor;
- a membrane;
- and a conductive medium positioned in communication with a portion of the electrical conductor and a portion of the membrane;
- wherein electrical potentials can be coupled from said subject across said membrane into said conductive medium and then to said electrical conductor;
- and wherein the conductive medium is hydrophilic to ensure minimal moisture loss over time and the membrane permits exchange of ions between the subject's body and the conductive medium while at the same time being sufficiently restrictive to block moisture from the conductive medium such that the exterior face of the membrane presents a dry surface to the skin of the body;
- (b) receiving said electrical potentials coupled from said subject across said membrane into said conductive medium;
- and
- (c) transferring said electrical potentials from said subject to said electrical conductor.
Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.