# US 8,788,551 B2 · Random number generation using switching regulators > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 8,788,551 B2 - Document ID: US8788551B2 - Status: Granted - Kind: B2 - Application number: 13/297,009 - Filed: 2011-11-15 - Published: 2013-05-16 - Granted: 2014-07-22 - Earliest claimed: 2011-11-15 - Assignees: Seagate Technology LLC - Applicants: Bruce Douglas Buch; Jon David Trantham - Inventors: Bruce Douglas Buch; Jon David Trantham - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US8788551B2 ## CPC - G06F 7/588: {Random number generators, i.e. based on natural stochastic processes} - G06F: ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING (computer systems based on specific computational models G06N) ## Abstract Random numbers are generated using entropic properties associated with circuit hardware. Consistent with one method, a switching voltage regulator circuit is used to generate a random number. Data that is responsive to switching states of the switching voltage regulator circuit is generated. A multi-bit random number is then generated from the generated data. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A method of using a switching voltage regulator circuit to generate a random number, the method comprising: generating data responsive to a switching state of the switching voltage regulator circuit; and generating a multi-bit random number from the generated data. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein the step of generating a multi-bit random number includes latching a value of a counter in response to a transition of the switching state of a switch of the switching voltage regulator circuit. ### Claim 3 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, further including a step of capturing bits in a register that receives a signal representing the switching state as an input and is clocked using a clock that is asynchronous to switching cycles for the switching voltage regulator circuit. ### Claim 4 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, further including the steps of capturing bits in a register that receives a signal representing the switching state as an input and is clocked using a clock that is asynchronous to switching cycles for the switching voltage regulator circuit, and whitening the captured data to generate the random number. ### Claim 5 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, further including a step of providing the generated multi-bit random number to a pseudo-random number generator random number as a seed to generate another random number. ### Claim 6 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, further including a step of inverting alternating bits of the generated data to generate the multi-bit random number. ### Claim 7 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein the step of generating the multi-bit random number includes convolving data from multiple generating steps. ### Claim 8 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, further including a step of capturing a value from a counter in response to a transition in the switching state, wherein the counter counts according to a clock operating asynchronously from and at a higher speed than switching cycles of the switching voltage regulator circuit. ### Claim 9 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, further including a step of producing a different random number by convolving the multi-bit random number with the output of at least one other random number generated from a source of entropy other than the switching states. ### Claim 10 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein the switching voltage regulator circuit uses at least one of pulse width modulation, pulse frequency modulation, or hysteretic control. ### Claim 11 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein the step of generating a random number includes producing different values for the multi-bit random number in response to jitter on a gate signal that controls on/off states for a switch of the switching voltage regulator circuit. ### Claim 12 A circuit comprising: a voltage regulator configured to provide a regulated voltage at an output, the voltage regulator including a feedback path configured and arranged to provide feedback responsive to the output; a circuit logic configured and arranged to provide a switch control signal that varies according to the provided feedback; and a switch configured and arranged to provide power to the output in response to the switch control signal; and a random number generator configured and arranged to receive the switch control signal as an input and to provide a random number in response to entropic properties of the switch control signal. ### Claim 13 (depends on 12) The circuit of claim 12, wherein a control element is configured to vary a switching speed of the switch control signal using at least one of pulse width modulation and pulse frequency modulation and wherein the random number generator is configured to use entropic properties of a switching speed of the switch control signal to generate the random number. ### Claim 14 (depends on 12) The circuit of claim 12, wherein the entropic properties include variations in the switch control signal caused by one or more of a varying load connected to the output, including electrical noise, variations in temperature, component tolerances and signal delay. ### Claim 15 (depends on 12) The circuit of claim 12, wherein the circuit logic is further configured and arranged to provide one or more additional switch control signals that vary according to the provided feedback and wherein the random number generator is configured and arranged to receive the additional control signals as inputs and to provide the random number in response to entropic properties of the additional control signals. ### Claim 16 (depends on 12) The circuit of claim 12, wherein the voltage regulator and random number generator are both integrated within a die of a single chip. ### Claim 17 A solid-state drive comprising: non-volatile electronic storage devices, a controller, and a voltage regulator configured to provide a regulated voltage at an output, the voltage regulator including a feedback path configured and arranged to provide feedback responsive to the output; a circuit logic configured and arranged to provide a switch control signal that varies according to the provided feedback; and a switch configured and arranged to provide power to the output in response to the switch control signal; and a random number generator configured and arranged to receive the switch control signal as an input and to provide a random number in response to entropic properties of the switch control signal. ### Claim 18 (depends on 17) The drive of claim 17, further including another random number generator and a circuit for convolving random numbers from both of the random number generators to produce a convolved random number.