# US 8,788,212 B2 · Compositions and methods for biological remodeling with frozen particle compositions

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- Number: US 8,788,212 B2
- Document ID: US8788212B2
- Status: Granted
- Kind: B2
- Application number: 12/384,218
- Filed: 2009-03-31
- Published: 2012-04-26
- Granted: 2014-07-22
- Earliest claimed: 2008-10-31
- Assignees: The Invention Science Fund I, LLC
- Applicants: Edward S. Boyden; Daniel B. Cook; Roderick A. Hyde; Eric C. Leuthardt; Nathan P. Myhrvold; Elizabeth A. Sweeney; Lowell L. Wood, Jr.
- Inventors: Edward S. Boyden; Daniel B. Cook; Roderick A. Hyde; Eric C. Leuthardt; Nathan P. Myhrvold; Elizabeth A. Sweeney; Lowell L. Wood, Jr.
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US8788212B2

## CPC

- G16H 20/10: relating to drugs or medications, e.g. for ensuring correct administration to patients
- A61K 9/0014: {Skin, i.e. galenical aspects of topical compositions (non-active ingredients are additionally classified in A61K47/00; A61K9/0009, A61K9/0021, A61K9/7015, A61K9/7023 take precedence; cosmetic preparations A61K8/00, A61Q; preparations for wound dressings or bandages A61L26/00)}
- A61K 9/0019: {Injectable compositions; Intramuscular, intravenous, arterial, subcutaneous administration; Compositions to be administered through the skin in an invasive manner (non-active ingredients are additionally classified in A61K47/00)}
- A61K 9/0021: {Intradermal administration, e.g. through microneedle arrays or needleless injectors}
- A61K 9/007: {Pulmonary tract; Aromatherapy}
- A61K 9/08: Solutions {(composition of solutions A61K47/00)}
- A61K 9/143: {with inorganic compounds}
- A61K 9/1611: {Inorganic compounds}
- A61K 9/1641: {obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polyethylene glycol, poloxamers}
- A61K 9/1664: {Compounds of unknown constitution, e.g. material from plants or animals (oils, fats, waxes, shellac A61K9/1617)}
- A61K 9/1688: {resulting in pure drug agglomerate optionally containing up to 5% of excipient}
- A61K 9/19: lyophilised {, i.e. freeze-dried, solutions or dispersions (lyophilised products with subsequent particle size reduction A61K9/14; granules or pellets made by lyphilisation A61K9/1682; solid oral dosage forms made by lyophilisation A61K9/2095; lyophilisation additives A61K47/00)}
- A61K 31/00: Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K 31/337: having four-membered rings, e.g. taxol
- A61K 31/70: Carbohydrates; Sugars; Derivatives thereof (sorbitol A61K31/047)
- A61K 31/7088: Compounds having three or more nucleosides or nucleotides
- A61K 33/00: Medicinal preparations containing inorganic active ingredients
- A61K 35/16: Blood plasma; Blood serum (umbilical cord blood A61K35/51)
- A61K 35/28: Bone marrow; Haematopoietic stem cells; Mesenchymal stem cells of any origin, e.g. adipose-derived stem cells
- A61K 35/32: Bones; Osteocytes; Osteoblasts; Tendons; Tenocytes; Teeth; Odontoblasts; Cartilage; Chondrocytes; Synovial membrane
- A61K 35/33: Fibroblasts
- A61K 35/34: Muscles; Smooth muscle cells; Heart; Cardiac stem cells; Myoblasts; Myocytes; Cardiomyocytes (vascular smooth muscle A61K35/44)
- A61K 38/38: Albumins
- A61K 38/4833: {Thrombin (3.4.21.5)}
- A61K 41/0004: {Homeopathy; Vitalisation; Resonance; Dynamisation, e.g. esoteric applications; Oxygenation of blood}
- A61K 45/06: Mixtures of active ingredients without chemical characterisation, e.g. antiphlogistics and cardiaca
- A61K 51/1244: {microparticles or nanoparticles, e.g. polymeric nanoparticles}
- A61M 5/3015: {for injecting a dose of particles in form of powdered drug, e.g. mounted on a rupturable membrane and accelerated by a gaseous shock wave or supersonic gas flow (cell injection devices C12M3/006)}
- A61P 43/00: Drugs for specific purposes, not provided for in groups A61P1/00-A61P41/00
- C07K 16/2809: {against the T-cell receptor (TcR)-CD3 complex}
- C07K 16/283: {against Fc-receptors, e.g. CD16, CD32, CD64 (CD23 C07K16/2851)}
- C07K 16/2848: {against integrin beta3-subunit-containing molecules, e.g. CD41, CD51, CD61}
- C07K 16/2863: {against receptors for growth factors, growth regulators}
- C07K 16/2878: {against the NGF-receptor/TNF-receptor superfamily, e.g. CD27, CD30, CD40, CD95}
- C07K 16/30: from tumour cells
- G16H 50/20: for computer-aided diagnosis, e.g. based on medical expert systems
- G16H 50/50: for simulation or modelling of medical disorders
- G16Z 99/00: Subject matter not provided for in other main groups of this subclass
- A61K 9/14: Particulate form, e.g. powders, {Processes for size reducing of pure drugs or the resulting products, Pure drug nanoparticles (microspheres A61K9/16; microcapsules A61K9/50; nanocapsules, nanoparticles of the matrix type A61K9/51)}
- A61K 9/7015: {Drug-containing film-forming compositions, e.g. spray-on}
- A61K 38/00: Medicinal preparations containing peptides (peptides containing beta-lactam rings A61K31/00; cyclic dipeptides not having in their molecule any other peptide link than those which form their ring, e.g. piperazine-2,5-diones, A61K31/00; ergot alkaloids of the cyclic peptide type A61K31/48; containing macromolecular compounds having statistically distributed amino acid units A61K31/74; medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies A61K39/00; medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients, e.g. peptides as drug carriers, A61K47/00)
- A61K 39/00: Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies (materials for immunoassay G01N33/53)
- A61K 2039/505: {comprising antibodies}
- A61M 2005/005: {Magazines with multiple ampoules directly inserted into an injection or infusion device, e.g. revolver-like magazines containing ampoules with or without needles}
- A61M 2205/3306: Optical measuring means
- B33Y 80/00: Products made by additive manufacturing
- C07K 2317/31: multispecific
- G16H 30/40: for processing medical images, e.g. editing
- Y02A 90/10: Information and communication technologies [ICT] supporting adaptation to climate change, e.g. for weather forecasting or climate simulation
- G16H: HEALTHCARE INFORMATICS, i.e. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE HANDLING OR PROCESSING OF MEDICAL OR HEALTHCARE DATA
- A61K: PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES (devices or methods specially adapted for bringing pharmaceutical products into particular physical or administering forms A61J3/00; chemical aspects of, or use of materials for deodorisation of air, for disinfection or sterilisation, or for bandages, dressings, absorbent pads or surgical articles A61L; soap compositions C11D)
- A61M: DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY (introducing media into or onto the bodies of animals A61D7/00; means for inserting tampons A61F13/26; devices for administering food or medicines orally A61J; containers for collecting, storing or administering blood or medical fluids A61J1/05); DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY (surgery A61B; chemical aspects of surgical articles A61L); DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR {(Electrotherapy, e.g. producing anaesthesia by the use of alternating or intermittent currents A61N1/36021)}
- A61P: SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- C07K: PEPTIDES (peptides in foodstuffs A23; obtaining protein compositions for foodstuffs, working-up proteins for foodstuffs A23J; preparations for medicinal purposes A61K; peptides containing beta-lactam rings C07D; cyclic dipeptides not having in their molecule any other peptide link than those which form their ring, e.g. piperazine-2,5-diones, C07D; ergot alkaloids of the cyclic peptide type C07D519/02; macromolecular compounds having statistically distributed amino acid units in their molecules, i.e. when the preparation does not provide for a specific; but for a random sequence of the amino acid units, homopolyamides and block copolyamides derived from amino acids C08G69/00; macromolecular products derived from proteins C08H1/00; preparation of glue or gelatine C09H; single cell proteins, enzymes C12N; genetic engineering processes for obtaining peptides C12N15/00; compositions for measuring or testing processes involving enzymes C12Q; investigation or analysis of biological material G01N33/00)
- G16Z: INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SPECIFIC APPLICATION FIELDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B33Y: ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- Y02A: TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE

## Abstract

Certain embodiments disclosed herein relate to compositions, methods, devices, systems, and products regarding frozen particles. In certain embodiments, the frozen particles include materials at low temperatures. In certain embodiments, the frozen particles provide vehicles for delivery of particular agents. In certain embodiments, the frozen particles are administered to at least one biological tissue.

## Claims

### Claim 1

A system comprising:
circuitry for comparing information regarding at least one parameter for at least partially constructing or at least partially reconstructing at least one biological tissue of a subject before administration of one or more frozen particle compositions to the biological tissue and deposition of at least part of the one or more frozen particle compositions including at least one tracer agent, and information regarding at least one clinical outcome following receipt by the at least one subject of one or more frozen particle compositions;
circuitry for detecting the at least one tracer agent;
circuitry for communicating real-time feedback control of the amount of the one or more frozen particle compositions including at least one tracer agent administered;
circuitry for administering the one or more frozen particle compositions for partially constructing or reconstructing the at least one biological tissue based on detection of the at least one tracer agent;
circuitry for providing output information based on the comparison; and
circuitry for evaluating the at least one biological tissue for one or more of deposition of the one or more frozen particle compositions, tissue formation, or tissue growth.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

The system of claim 1, further including circuitry for determining at least one statistical correlation.

### Claim 3 (depends on 1)

The system of claim 1, further including circuitry for counting the occurrence of at least one clinical outcome.

### Claim 4 (depends on 1)

The system of claim 1, wherein the information regarding at least one parameter of at least partially constructing or at least partially reconstructing at least one biological tissue of a subject includes information regarding quantity of cells or tissue at least partially constructed or at least partially reconstructed.

### Claim 5 (depends on 1)

The system of claim 1, wherein the information regarding at least one parameter of at least partially constructing or at least partially reconstructing at least one biological tissue of a subject includes information regarding at least one cellular or tissue source.

### Claim 6 (depends on 1)

The system of claim 1, wherein the information regarding at least one parameter of at least partially constructing or at least partially reconstructing at least one biological tissue of a subject includes information regarding at least one abnormal cellular or tissue source.

### Claim 7 (depends on 1)

The system of claim 1, wherein the information regarding at least one parameter of at least partially constructing or at least partially reconstructing at least one biological tissue of a subject includes information regarding at least one type of cell or tissue.

### Claim 8 (depends on 1)

The system of claim 1, wherein the at least one frozen particle composition includes at least one adhesive agent, abrasive, reinforcement agent, therapeutic agent, biological remodeling agent, or explosive material.

### Claim 9 (depends on 1)

The system of claim 1, wherein the information regarding at least one parameter of at least partially constructing or at least partially reconstructing at least one biological tissue of a subject includes information regarding at least one dimension of at least one agent deposited.

### Claim 10 (depends on 1)

The system of claim 1, wherein the information regarding at least one parameter of at least partially constructing or at least partially reconstructing at least one biological tissue of at least one subject includes information regarding at least one dimension of at least one depth, width, or breadth of cellular, tissue, or other material removal or destruction.

### Claim 11 (depends on 1)

The system of claim 1, wherein the information regarding at least one clinical outcome following receipt by the at least one subject of one or more frozen particle compositions includes information regarding two or more subjects with one or more common attributes.

### Claim 12 (depends on 11)

The system of claim 11, wherein the one or more common attributes include one or more of genetic attributes, mental attributes, proteomic attributes, phenotypic attributes, or psychological attributes.

### Claim 13 (depends on 11)

The system of claim 11, wherein the one or more common attributes include one or more of height, weight, medical diagnosis, familial background, results on one or more medical tests, ethnic background, body mass index, age, presence or absence of at least one disease or condition, species, ethnicity, race, allergies, gender, thickness of tissue, blood vessel condition, hair or fur condition, skin condition, tissue condition, muscle condition, organ condition, nerve condition, brain condition, presence or absence of at least one biological, chemical, or therapeutic agent in the subject, pregnancy status, lactation status, genetic profile, proteomic profile, partial or whole genetic sequence, partial or whole proteomic sequence, medical condition, medical history, or blood condition.

### Claim 14 (depends on 1)

The system of claim 1, wherein the output information includes at least one of a response signal, comparison code, comparison plot, diagnostic code, treatment code, test code, code indicative of at least one treatment received, code indicative of at least one prescribed treatment step, code indicative of at least one vaccination administered, code indicative of at least one therapeutic agent administered, code indicative of at least one diagnostic agent administered, code indicative of at least one interaction of an administered agent and at least one biological or chemical agent in the subject; a code indicative of at least one dispersion or location of at least one administered agent; code indicative of at least one detection material administered; code indicative of the depth of penetration of an administered agent, code indicative of the depth of deposition of an administered agent, or a code indicative of the condition of at least one location of an administered frozen particle composition.

### Claim 15 (depends on 1)

The system of claim 1, wherein receipt by the at least one subject of one or more frozen particle compositions is pursuant to at least one clinical trial.

### Claim 16 (depends on 1)

The system of claim 1, further including circuitry for creating at least one inclusion criterion and at least one exclusion criterion for a clinical trial involving the one or more frozen particle compositions.

### Claim 17 (depends on 1)

The system of claim 1, further including circuitry for suggesting the inclusion of one or more of the at least one subject in at least one clinical trial.

### Claim 18 (depends on 1)

The system of claim 1, further including circuitry for suggesting the exclusion of one or more of the at least one subject in at least one clinical trial.

### Claim 19 (depends on 1)

The system of claim 1, further including circuitry for predicting at least one clinical outcome involving at least one second subject, wherein the at least one second subject is a plurality of people; and segregating subject identifiers associated with the plurality of people in reference to the predicted at least one clinical outcome.

### Claim 20 (depends on 19)

The system of claim 19, further including circuitry for determining the eligibility of the at least one second subject for the at least one clinical trial.

### Claim 21 (depends on 1)

The system of claim 1, wherein the one or more frozen particle compositions include one or more frozen particles including at least one of hydrogen oxide, nitrogen, oxygen, air, helium, neon, argon, xenon, chlorine, bromine, carbon dioxide, acetone, ethyl acetate, dimethyl sulfoxide, dimethyl formamide, dioxane, tetrahydrofuran, acetronitrile, acetic acid, n-butanol, isopropanol, n-propanol, hexamethylphosphorotriamide, perfluorohydrocarbon, methanol, ethanol, tert-butyl alcohol, formic acid, hydrogen fluoride, ammonia, benzene, carbon tetrachloride, acetonitrile, hexane, dichloromethane, methylene chloride, carboxylic acid, saline, standard saline citrate, methane, toluene, chloroform, polyethylene glycol, acetic acid, Ringer's solution, lactated Ringer's solution, Hartmann's solution, acetated Ringer's solution, phosphate buffered solution, TRIS-buffered saline solution, Hank's balanced salt solution, Earle's balanced salt solution, standard saline citrate, HEPES-buffered saline, dextrose, glucose, methane, or diethyl ether.

### Claim 22 (depends on 1)

The system of claim 1, wherein the frozen particle compositions include at least one biological remodeling agent that includes one or more of calcium phosphate, albumin, cytokine, pegylated cytokine, bone, cartilage, globulin, fibrin, thrombin, glutaraldehyde-crosslinked pericardium, hide powder, hyaluronic acid, hydroxylapatite, keratin, ligament, nitinol, nucleic acid polymers, polyethylene, polylethylene glycol, polyethylene glycol diacrylate, polyethylene terephthalate fiber, polyglycol, polylactate, polytetrafluoroethylene, polylactic acid, polyglycolic acid, polycaprolactone, PURAMATRIX™ self-assembly peptide hydrogel fibers, linear aliphatic polyester, tendon, fibrinogen, hyaluronate, chitin, chitosan, methylcellulose, alginate, hyaluronic acid, agarose, cellulose, polyaldehyde gluronate, Factor XIII, Factor XII, silk, nylon, collagen, silicone, polyurethane, ceramic powder, elastin, pectin, wax, glycosaminoglycan, poly(α-hydroxyacid), selectin, glutaraldehyde, hydrophobic non-glycosylated protein, hydrogel, peptide hydrogel, or gelatin.

### Claim 23 (depends on 1)

The system of claim 1, wherein the comparing information includes at least one of image processing, predicting, modeling, or simulation of constructing or reconstructing the at least one biological tissue.

### Claim 24

A system comprising:
circuitry for predicting a clinical outcome of one or more frozen particle compositions treatment for at least one first subject, including
circuitry for determining a similarity or a dissimilarity in information regarding at least one parameter for at least partially constructing or at least partially reconstructing at least one biological tissue of at least one first subject before administration of one or more frozen particle compositions including at least one tracer agent to the at least one first subject and deposition of at least part of the one or more frozen particle compositions, with information regarding at least one parameter of at least partially constructing or at least partially reconstructing at least one biological tissue of at least one second subject, wherein the at least one second subject attained a clinical outcome following receipt of one or more frozen particle compositions;
circuitry for detecting the at least one tracer agent;
circuitry for communicating real-time feedback control of the administration of the one or more frozen particle compositions including at least one tracer agent;
and
circuitry for providing output information including a code indicative of the depth of penetration of a delivered composition, or a code indicative of the dispersion or location of at least one delivered composition based on the real-time feedback.

### Claim 25 (depends on 24)

The system of claim 24, wherein the information regarding at least one parameter of at least partially constructing or at least partially reconstructing at least one biological tissue of at least second subject includes information regarding quantity of cells or tissue at least partially constructed or at least partially reconstructed.

### Claim 26 (depends on 24)

The system of claim 24, wherein the information regarding at least one parameter of at least partially constructing or at least partially reconstructing at least one biological tissue of at least one first subject includes information regarding at least one cellular or tissue source.

### Claim 27 (depends on 24)

The system of claim 24, wherein the information regarding at least one parameter of at least partially constructing or at least partially reconstructing at least one biological tissue of at least one first subject includes information regarding at least one abnormal cellular or tissue source.

### Claim 28 (depends on 24)

The system of claim 24, wherein the information regarding at least one parameter of at least partially constructing or at least partially reconstructing at least one biological tissue of at least one first subject includes information regarding at least one type of cell or tissue.

### Claim 29 (depends on 24)

The system of claim 24, wherein the information regarding at least one parameter of at least partially constructing or at least partially reconstructing at least one biological tissue of at least one second subject includes information regarding at least one type of cell or tissue.

### Claim 30 (depends on 24)

The system of claim 24, wherein the one or more frozen particle compositions include at least one agent including one or more of an adhesive agent, abrasive, reinforcement agent, therapeutic agent, biological remodeling agent, or explosive material.

### Claim 31 (depends on 24)

The system of claim 24, wherein the information regarding at least one parameter of at least partially constructing or at least partially reconstructing at least one biological tissue of at least one first subject includes information regarding at least one dimension of at least one depth, width, or breadth of cellular, tissue, or other material removal or destruction.

### Claim 32 (depends on 24)

The system of claim 24, wherein the information regarding at least one clinical outcome following receipt by the at least one second subject of one or more frozen particle compositions includes information regarding two or more subjects with one or more common attributes.

### Claim 33 (depends on 32)

The system of claim 32, wherein the one or more common attributes include one or more of genetic attributes, mental attributes, proteomic attributes, phenotypic attributes, or psychological attributes.

### Claim 34 (depends on 32)

The system of claim 32, wherein the one or more common attributes include one or more of height, weight, medical diagnosis, familial background, results on one or more medical tests, ethnic background, body mass index, age, presence or absence of at least one disease or condition, species, ethnicity, race, allergies, gender, thickness of tissue, blood vessel condition, hair or fur condition, skin condition, tissue condition, muscle condition, organ condition, nerve condition, brain condition, presence or absence of at least one biological, chemical, or therapeutic agent in the subject, pregnancy status, lactation status, genetic profile, proteomic profile, partial or whole genetic sequence, partial or whole proteomic sequence, medical condition, medical history, or blood condition.

### Claim 35 (depends on 24)

The system of claim 24, wherein the output information includes at least one of a response signal, comparison code, comparison plot, diagnostic code, treatment code, test code, code indicative of at least one treatment received, code indicative of at least one prescribed treatment step, code indicative of at least one vaccination administered, code indicative of at least one therapeutic agent administered, code indicative of at least one diagnostic agent administered, code indicative of at least one interaction of an administered agent and at least one biological or chemical agent in the subject; a code indicative of at least one dispersion or location of at least one administered agent; code indicative of at least one detection material administered; code indicative of the depth of penetration of an administered agent, code indicative of the depth of deposition of an administered agent, or a code indicative of the condition of at least one location of an administered frozen particle composition.

### Claim 36 (depends on 24)

The system of claim 24, wherein receipt by the at least one second subject of one or more frozen particle compositions is pursuant to at least one clinical trial.

### Claim 37 (depends on 24)

The system of claim 24, further including circuitry for determining at least one correlation before the administration of the one or more frozen particle compositions to the at least one first subject.

### Claim 38 (depends on 24)

The system of claim 24, further including circuitry for creating at least one inclusion criterion and at least one exclusion criterion for a clinical trial involving the one or more frozen particle compositions.

### Claim 39 (depends on 24)

The system of claim 24, further including circuitry for suggesting the inclusion of one or more of the at least one first subject in at least one clinical trial.

### Claim 40 (depends on 24)

The system of claim 24, further including circuitry for suggesting the exclusion of one or more of the at least one first subject in at least one clinical trial.

### Claim 41 (depends on 24)

The system of claim 24, further including circuitry for predicting at least one clinical outcome involving the at least one second subject, wherein the at least one second subject is a plurality of people; and means for segregating subject identifiers associated with the plurality of people in reference to the predicted at least one clinical outcome.

### Claim 42 (depends on 24)

The system of claim 24, wherein the one or more frozen particle compositions include one or more frozen particles including at least one of hydrogen oxide, nitrogen, oxygen, air, helium, neon, argon, xenon, chlorine, bromine, carbon dioxide, acetone, ethyl acetate, dimethyl sulfoxide, dimethyl formamide, dioxane, tetrahydrofuran, acetronitrile, acetic acid, n-butanol, isopropanol, n-propanol, hexamethylphosphorotriamide, perfluorohydrocarbon, methanol, ethanol, tert-butyl alcohol, formic acid, hydrogen fluoride, ammonia, benzene, carbon tetrachloride, acetonitrile, hexane, dichloromethane, methylene chloride, carboxylic acid, saline, standard saline citrate, methane, toluene, chloroform, polyethylene glycol, acetic acid, Ringer's solution, lactated Ringer's solution, Hartmann's solution, acetated Ringer's solution, phosphate buffered solution, TRIS-buffered saline solution, Hank's balanced salt solution, Earle's balanced salt solution, standard saline citrate, HEPES-buffered saline, dextrose, glucose, methane, or diethyl ether.

### Claim 43 (depends on 24)

The system of claim 24, wherein the one or more frozen particle compositions include one or more of an adhesive agent, therapeutic agent, reinforcement agent, abrasive, explosive material, or biological remodeling agent.

### Claim 44 (depends on 43)

The system of claim 43, wherein the at least one biological remodeling agent includes one or more of calcium phosphate, albumin, cytokine, pegylated cytokine, bone, cartilage, globulin, fibrin, thrombin, glutaraldehyde-crosslinked pericardium, hide powder, hyaluronic acid, hydroxylapatite, keratin, ligament, nitinol, nucleic acid polymers, polyethylene, polylethylene glycol, polyethylene glycol diacrylate, polyethylene terephthalate fiber, polyglycol, polylactate, polytetrafluoroethylene, polylactic acid, polyglycolic acid, polycaprolactone, PURAMATRIX™ self-assembly peptide hydrogel fibers, linear aliphatic polyester, tendon, fibrinogen, hyaluronate, chitin, chitosan, methylcellulose, alginate, hyaluronic acid, agarose, cellulose, polyaldehyde gluronate, Factor XIII, Factor XII, silk, nylon, collagen, silicone, polyurethane, ceramic powder, elastin, pectin, wax, glycosaminoglycan, poly(α-hydroxyacid), selectin, glutaraldehyde, hydrophobic non-glycosylated protein, hydrogel, peptide hydrogel, or gelatin.

### Claim 45

A system comprising:
circuitry for comparing information regarding at least one parameter for at least partially constructing or at least partially reconstructing at least one biological tissue of a subject before administration of one or more frozen particle compositions to the biological tissue and deposition of at least part of the one or more frozen particle compositions including at least one tracer agent, and information regarding at least one clinical outcome following receipt by the at least one subject of one or more frozen particle compositions;
circuitry for detecting the at least one tracer agent;
circuitry for communicating real-time feedback control for administration of the one or more frozen particle compositions;
circuitry for administering the one or more frozen particle compositions for partially constructing or reconstructing the at least one biological tissue;
circuitry for displaying the results of the comparison; and
circuitry for evaluating the at least one biological tissue for one or more of deposition of the one or more frozen particle compositions, tissue formation, or tissue growth.

### Claim 46 (depends on 45)

the system of claim 45, wherein the comparing information includes at least one of image processing, predicting, modeling, or simulation of constructing or reconstructing the at least one biological tissue.