# US 8,787,507 B2 · Detection and mitigation of interference in a receiver > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 8,787,507 B2 - Document ID: US8787507B2 - Status: Granted - Kind: B2 - Application number: 13/190,161 - Filed: 2011-07-25 - Published: 2013-01-31 - Granted: 2014-07-22 - Earliest claimed: 2011-07-25 - Assignees: Spreadtrum Communications USA Inc. - Applicants: David Haub; Zhigang Xu; Jarrett Malone - Inventors: David Haub; Zhigang Xu; Jarrett Malone - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US8787507B2 ## CPC - H04B 1/1027: {assessing signal quality or detecting noise/interference for the received signal} - H03G 3/3078: {Circuits generating control signals for digitally modulated signals} - H04B 1/123: {using adaptive balancing or compensation means (adaptive filter circuits and algorithms H03H)} - H04B 17/29: Performance testing - H04B 17/327: Received signal code power [RSCP] - H04L 25/03057: {with a recursive structure (H04L25/03031 takes precedence)} - H04L 43/16: Threshold monitoring - H04B: TRANSMISSION - H03G: CONTROL OF AMPLIFICATION - H04L: TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION (arrangements common to telegraphic and telephonic communication H04M) ## Abstract A novel receiver architecture optimizes receiver performance in the presence of interference. In various embodiments, power estimation circuits are used with variable selectivity to determine the exact nature of the interference and to optimize the performance correspondingly. The variable selectivity is achieved using stages of filtering with progressively narrower bandwidths. Also, the actual method of optimizing the receiver performance is novel compared to the prior art in that the gain settings and the baseband filter order (stages to be used) will be optimized based on the nature of the interference as determined by the power detector measurements. For a device such as a cellular phone that operates in a dynamic and changing environment where interference is variable, embodiments advantageously provide the capability to modify the receiver's operational state depending on the interference. ## Claims ### Claim 1 An apparatus comprising: a first amplifier configured to amplify an input signal; a mixer coupled to the first amplifier, the mixer configured to mix the amplified input signal outputted by the first amplifier with an oscillator signal, to provide a mixed signal; a first estimation circuit configured to measure voltage or power of the mixed signal; a first filter configured to filter the mixed signal to pass a first band of frequencies; a second amplifier configured to amplify an output of the first filter; a second estimation circuit configured to measure voltage or power at an output of the second amplifier; a second filter configured to filter the output of the second amplifier to pass a second band of frequencies narrower than the first band; and a state machine coupled to the first and second estimation circuits, the state machine configured to provide feedback to the first and second amplifiers and to the mixer, the state machine configured to increase a bias current of at least one of the first amplifier and the mixer, or decrease a gain of at least one of the first amplifier and the mixer, or both increase the bias current and decrease the gain, when the voltage or power measured by the first estimation circuit is greater than a first predetermined threshold and the voltage or power measured by the second estimation circuit is less than a second predetermined threshold, the state machine further configured to decrease a gain of at least one of the first amplifier, the second amplifier, and the mixer when the voltage or power measured by the second estimation circuit is greater than the second predetermined threshold. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the state machine is configured to decrease the gain of the second amplifier when the voltage or power measured by the first estimation circuit is less than the first predetermined threshold and the voltage or power measured by the second estimation circuit is greater than the second predetermined threshold. ### Claim 3 (depends on 1) The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the state machine is configured to decrease the gain of at least one of the first amplifier and the mixer when the voltage or power measured by the first estimation circuit is greater than the first predetermined threshold and the voltage or power measured by the second estimation circuit is greater than the second predetermined threshold. ### Claim 4 (depends on 1) The apparatus of claim 1, further including: a third estimation circuit configured to measure voltage or power at an output of the second filter; and a third filter configured to filter the output of the second filter to pass a third band of frequencies narrower than the second band; wherein the state machine is further coupled to the third estimation circuit, and the state machine is further configured to provide feedback to the third filter, and the state machine is further configured to bypass the third filter when the voltage or power measured by the third estimation circuit is less than a third predetermined threshold. ### Claim 5 (depends on 1) The apparatus of claim 1, further including: a third estimation circuit configured to measure voltage or power at an output of the second filter; and a third filter configured to filter the output of the second filter to pass a third band of frequencies narrower than the second band; wherein the state machine is further configured to decrease the gain of the second amplifier when the voltage or power measured by the first estimation circuit is less than the first predetermined threshold and the voltage or power measured by the third estimation circuit is greater than a third predetermined threshold. ### Claim 6 (depends on 1) The apparatus of claim 1, further including: a third estimation circuit configured to measure voltage or power at an output of the second filter; and a third filter configured to filter the output of the second filter to pass a third band of frequencies narrower than the second band; wherein the state machine is further configured to decrease the gain of at least one of the first amplifier and the mixer when the voltage or power measured by the first estimation circuit is greater than the first predetermined threshold and the voltage or power measured by the third estimation circuit is greater than a third predetermined threshold. ### Claim 7 (depends on 1) The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the first estimation circuit is configured to measure voltage or power at an in-phase output of the mixer. ### Claim 8 (depends on 1) The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the first estimation circuit is configured to measure voltage or power at a quadrature output of the mixer. ### Claim 9 (depends on 1) The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the state machine is configured to check an output of the first estimation circuit periodically. ### Claim 10 (depends on 9) The apparatus of claim 9, wherein the period for checking the output of the first estimation circuit is between 500 μsec and 100 msec. ### Claim 11 (depends on 9) The apparatus of claim 9, further including: a channel quality estimator configured to provide a channel quality metric; and a rate update logic module configured to increase the period for checking the output of the first estimation circuit, when the channel quality metric is greater than a predetermined quality threshold. ### Claim 12 (depends on 11) The apparatus of claim 11, wherein the channel quality estimator is configured to measure a signal to noise ratio. ### Claim 13 (depends on 11) The apparatus of claim 11, wherein the channel quality estimator is configured to measure a block level error rate. ### Claim 14 (depends on 1) The apparatus of claim 1, further including: a third filter configured to filter the output of the second filter to pass a third band of frequencies narrower than the second band; a third amplifier configured to amplify an output of the third filter; a received signal strength indicator (RSSI) module configured to measure voltage or power at an output of the third amplifier; wherein the state machine is further configured to: increase the bias current of the at least one of the first amplifier and the mixer when the voltage or power measured by the first estimation circuit exceeds the first predetermined threshold and a signal strength measured by the RSSI module does not exceed a predetermined RSSI threshold, and decrease the gain of the at least one of the first amplifier and the mixer when the voltage or power measured by the first estimation circuit exceeds the first predetermined threshold and the signal strength measured by the RSSI module exceeds the predetermined RSSI threshold. ### Claim 15 (depends on 14) The apparatus of claim 14, wherein the state machine is further configured to increase the bias current of the at least one of the first amplifier and the mixer when the voltage or power measured by the first estimation circuit exceeds the first predetermined threshold and the signal strength measured by the RSSI exceeds the predetermined RSSI threshold. ### Claim 16 A method comprising: amplifying an input signal to provide an amplified input signal; mixing the amplified input signal with an oscillator signal, to provide a mixed signal; measuring voltage or power of the mixed signal; filtering the mixed signal, at a first filter, to pass a first band of frequencies, to provide a first filtered signal; amplifying the first filtered signal, to provide a first amplified signal; measuring voltage or power of the first amplified signal; filtering the first amplified signal, at a second filter, to pass a second band of frequencies narrower than the first band, to provide a second filtered signal; and increasing a bias current used for at least one of the amplifying the input signal and the mixing, when the measured voltage or power of the mixed signal is greater than a first predetermined threshold and the measured voltage or power of the first amplified signal is less than a second predetermined threshold; and decreasing a gain used for at least one of the amplifying the first filtered signal, the amplifying the input signal, and the mixing, when the measured voltage or power of the first amplified signal is greater than the second predetermined threshold. ### Claim 17 (depends on 16) The method of claim 16, wherein decreasing the gain used for at least one of the amplifying the first filtered signal, the amplifying the input signal, and the mixing comprises decreasing the gain used for amplifying the first filtered signal, when the measured voltage or power of the mixed signal is less than the first predetermined threshold and the measured voltage or power of the first amplified signal is greater than the second predetermined threshold. ### Claim 18 (depends on 16) The method of claim 16, wherein decreasing the gain used for at least one of the amplifying the first filtered signal, the amplifying the input signal, and the mixing comprises decreasing the gain used for at least one of the amplifying the input signal and the mixing, when the measured voltage or power of the mixed signal is greater than the first predetermined threshold and the measured voltage or power of the first amplified signal is greater than the second predetermined threshold. ### Claim 19 (depends on 16) The method of claim 16, further including: measuring voltage or power of the second filtered signal; providing a third filter to filter the second filtered signal, to pass a third band of frequencies narrower than the second band, and to provide a third filtered signal; and bypassing the third filter when the measured voltage or power of the second filtered signal is less than a third predetermined threshold. ### Claim 20 (depends on 16) The method of claim 16, further including: measuring voltage or power of the second filtered signal; and filtering the second filtered signal to pass a third band of frequencies narrower than the second band, to provide a third filtered signal; wherein decreasing the gain used for at least one of the amplifying the first filtered signal, the amplifying the input signal, and the mixing comprises decreasing the gain used for amplifying the first filtered signal, when the measured voltage or power of the mixed signal is less than the first predetermined threshold and the measured voltage or power of the second filtered signal is greater than a third predetermined threshold. ### Claim 21 (depends on 20) The method of claim 20, further including: amplifying the third filtered signal to provide a second amplified signal; measuring voltage or power of the second amplified signal; and determining whether the measured voltage or power of the second amplified signal exceeds a predetermined received signal strength indication (RSSI) threshold; wherein the increasing the bias current used for the at least one of the amplifying the input signal and the mixing is responsive to a determination that the measured voltage or power of the second amplified signal does not exceed the predetermined RSSI threshold. ### Claim 22 (depends on 16) The method of claim 16, further including: measuring voltage or power of the second filtered signal; and filtering the second filtered signal to pass a third band of frequencies narrower than the second band, to provide a third filtered signal; wherein decreasing the gain used for at least one of the amplifying the first filtered signal, the amplifying the input signal, and the mixing comprises decreasing the gain used for at least one of the amplifying the input signal and the mixing, when the measured voltage or power of the mixed signal is greater than the first predetermined threshold and the measured voltage or power of the second filtered signal is greater than a third predetermined threshold.