# US 8,786,611 B1 · Sliding skin deformer > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 8,786,611 B1 - Document ID: US8786611B1 - Status: Granted - Kind: B1 - Application number: 13/005,113 - Filed: 2011-01-12 - Granted: 2014-07-22 - Earliest claimed: 2011-01-12 - Assignees: Pixar - Applicants: Michael Comet; Philip Child - Inventors: Michael Comet; Philip Child - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US8786611B1 ## CPC - G06T 19/20: Editing of three-dimensional [3D] images, e.g. changing shapes or colours, aligning objects or positioning parts - G06T 2219/2021: Shape modification - G06T: IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL ## Abstract This disclosure relates to methods and systems for generating deformers that allow nondynamic objects, such as representations of skin, to appear to slide on a target surface. Computer simulations can be inflexible when it comes to creative input and also introduces extra time into the production process. One or more controls (e.g., a slider or a dial) can be generated based on a weight map and a direction field of an irregular surface that allow the user to slide nondynamic objects, such as representations of skin, on the surface facilitating computer-generated animation. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A method for facilitating computer-generated animation, the method comprising: receiving, at one or more computer systems, information specifying an irregular mesh; receiving, at the one or more computer systems, information specifying a weight map indicative of locations associated with the irregular mesh and a value for each indicated location weighting motion at the indicated location of one or more surfaces associated with the irregular mesh; receiving, at the one or more computer systems, information specifying a direction field independent of the weight map identifying one or more directions at one or more portions of the irregular mesh at which the one or more surfaces are moved along the portions of the irregular mesh; generating, with one or more processors associated with the one or more computer systems, a sliding deformer for the irregular mesh based on the weight map and the direction field, the sliding deformer configured to constrain motion of the one or more surfaces relative to a predetermined shape of the irregular mesh in a manner consistent with the weight map and the direction field; and storing, in a storage device associated with the one or more computer systems, the sliding deformer in association with the irregular mesh. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1 further comprising: receiving, at the one or more computer systems, information specifying input to the sliding deformer; receiving, at the one or more computer systems, a first location relative to the irregular mesh; and determining, with the one or more processors associated with the one or more computer systems, a second location relative to the irregular mesh with the sliding deformer based on the input to the sliding deformer and the first location relative to the irregular mesh, the second location relative to the irregular mesh being a geodesic distance along the predetermined shape of the irregular mesh from the first location relative to the irregular mesh. ### Claim 3 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1 further comprising: receiving, at the one or more computer systems, information specifying input to the sliding deformer; receiving, at the one or more computer systems, a first location associated with the irregular mesh; receiving, at the one or more computer systems, information associated with the first location, the information being defined on or near the irregular mesh at the first location or defined on or near another mesh at another location corresponding to the first location; transferring, with the one or more processors associated with the one or more computer systems, the information associated with the first location to a second location associated with the irregular mesh, the second location determined with the sliding deformer to be a geodesic distance along the predetermined shape of the irregular mesh from the first location based on the input to the sliding deformer and the first location associated with the irregular mesh. ### Claim 4 (depends on 3) The method of claim 3 wherein the information associated with the first location comprises at least one of a vertex associated with the irregular mesh, an edge associated with the irregular mesh, a face associated with the irregular mesh, color data associated with the irregular mesh or the another mesh, animation data associated with the irregular mesh or the another mesh, simulation or dynamic properties associated with the irregular mesh or the another mesh, and render data associated with the irregular mesh or the another mesh. ### Claim 5 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1 wherein receiving, at the one or more computer systems, information specifying the weight map comprises receiving at least one of user input and procedural input. ### Claim 6 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1 wherein receiving, at the one or more computer systems, information specifying the direction field comprises receiving at least one of user guidance and procedural guidance. ### Claim 7 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1 further comprising generating, with the one or more processors associated with the one or more computer systems, the direction field based on one or more curves specified within an embedding space associated with the irregular mesh. ### Claim 8 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1 further comprising generating, with the one or more processors associated with the one or more computer systems, the direction field based on rotation about a predetermined axis. ### Claim 9 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1 further comprising generating, with the one or more processors associated with the one or more computer systems, the direction field independently of any influence derived from the irregular mesh. ### Claim 10 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1 further generating, with the one or more processors associated with the one or more computer systems, animation data representing the sliding of skin represented by the irregular mesh with the sliding deformer. ### Claim 11 A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing computer-executable code for facilitating computer-generated animation, the non-transitory computer-readable medium comprising: code for receiving information specifying an irregular mesh; code for receiving information specifying a weight map indicative of locations associated with the irregular mesh and a value for each indicated location weighting motion at the indicated location of one or more surfaces associated with the irregular mesh; code for receiving information specifying a direction field independent of the weight map identifying one or more directions at one or more portions of the irregular mesh at which the one or more surfaces are moved along the portions of the irregular mesh; and code for generating a sliding deformer for the irregular mesh based on the weight map and the direction field, the sliding deformer configured to constrain motion of the one or more surfaces relative to a predetermined shape of the irregular mesh in a manner consistent with the weight map and the direction field. ### Claim 12 (depends on 11) The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 11 further comprising: code for receiving information specifying input to the sliding deformer; code for receiving a first location relative to the irregular mesh; and code for determining a second location relative to the irregular mesh with the sliding deformer based on the input to the sliding deformer and the first location relative to the irregular mesh, the second location relative to the irregular mesh being a geodesic distance along the predetermined shape of the irregular mesh from the first location relative to the irregular mesh. ### Claim 13 (depends on 11) The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 11 further comprising: code for receiving information specifying input to the sliding deformer; code for receiving a first location associated with the irregular mesh; code for receiving information associated with the first location, the information being defined on or near the irregular mesh at the first location or defined on or near another mesh at another location corresponding to the first location; code for transferring the information associated with the first location to a second location associated with the irregular mesh, the second location determined with the sliding deformer to be a geodesic distance along the predetermined shape of the irregular mesh from the first location based on the input to the sliding deformer and the first location associated with the irregular mesh. ### Claim 14 (depends on 11) The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 11 wherein the code for receiving information specifying the weight map comprises receiving at least one of user input and procedural input. ### Claim 15 (depends on 11) The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 11 wherein the code for receiving information specifying the direction field comprises receiving at least one of user guidance and procedural guidance. ### Claim 16 (depends on 11) The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 11 further comprising code for generating the direction field based on one or more curves specified within an embedding space associated with the irregular mesh. ### Claim 17 (depends on 11) The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 11 further comprising code for generating the direction field based on rotation about a predetermined axis. ### Claim 18 (depends on 11) The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 11 further comprising code for generating the direction field independently of any influence derived from the irregular mesh. ### Claim 19 (depends on 11) The computer-readable medium of claim 11 further comprising code for generating animation data representing the sliding of skin represented by the irregular mesh with the sliding deformer.